[release] prepare v1.5.2 release notes

.dockerignore

@@ -8,13 +8,15 @@
 # Dependency manifests and local xmake package recipes are the only project
 # files needed while pre-warming the build image.
 !xmake.lua
-!xmake/
-!xmake/**
-!thirdparty/
-!thirdparty/**
-!submodules/
-!submodules/xmake.lua
-!submodules/minirtc/
-!submodules/minirtc/xmake.lua
-!submodules/minirtc/thirdparty/
-!submodules/minirtc/thirdparty/**
+!apps/
+!apps/desktop/
+!apps/desktop/xmake/
+!apps/desktop/xmake/**
+!deps/thirdparty/
+!deps/thirdparty/**
+!deps/submodules/
+!deps/submodules/xmake.lua
+!deps/submodules/minirtc/
+!deps/submodules/minirtc/xmake.lua
+!deps/submodules/minirtc/thirdparty/
+!deps/submodules/minirtc/thirdparty/**

.github/workflows/build-linux-image.yml

@@ -11,11 +11,11 @@ on:
       - docker/linux-build/**
       - xmake.lua
       - xmake/**
-      - thirdparty/**
-      - submodules/xmake.lua
-      - submodules/minirtc
-      - submodules/minirtc/xmake.lua
-      - submodules/minirtc/thirdparty/**
+      - deps/thirdparty/**
+      - deps/submodules/xmake.lua
+      - deps/submodules/minirtc
+      - deps/submodules/minirtc/xmake.lua
+      - deps/submodules/minirtc/thirdparty/**
   workflow_dispatch:
 
 permissions:
@@ -26,8 +26,9 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 env:
-  IMAGE_NAME: crossdesk/ubuntu22.04
-  STACK_TAG: buildenv-cuda12.6.3-xmake3.0.9-rust1.92.0
+  IMAGE_NAME: crossdesk/ubuntu20.04
+  STACK_TAG: buildenv-cuda12.6.3-gcc10-cmake3.31.6-pipewire0.3.48-xmake3.0.9-rust1.92.0
+  CMAKE_VERSION: 3.31.6
   XMAKE_VERSION: 3.0.9
   RUST_VERSION: 1.92.0
   RUSTUP_VERSION: 1.28.2
@@ -44,11 +45,11 @@ jobs:
           - arch: amd64
             platform: linux/amd64
             runner: ubuntu-24.04
-            base_image: nvidia/cuda:12.6.3-devel-ubuntu22.04
+            base_image: nvidia/cuda:12.6.3-devel-ubuntu20.04
           - arch: arm64
             platform: linux/arm64
             runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
-            base_image: ubuntu:22.04
+            base_image: ubuntu:20.04
     steps:
       - name: Set candidate tag
         id: image
@@ -86,6 +87,7 @@ jobs:
           sbom: false
           build-args: |
             BASE_IMAGE=${{ matrix.base_image }}
+            CMAKE_VERSION=${{ env.CMAKE_VERSION }}
             XMAKE_VERSION=${{ env.XMAKE_VERSION }}
             RUST_VERSION=${{ env.RUST_VERSION }}
             RUSTUP_VERSION=${{ env.RUSTUP_VERSION }}

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -13,8 +13,14 @@ on:
         description: "Hotfix patch number, for example 1 or 2. Use 0 for a normal build."
         required: false
         default: "0"
+      sign_windows_test:
+        description: "Submit the Windows installer to SignPath using test-signing."
+        required: false
+        type: boolean
+        default: false
 
 permissions:
+  actions: read
   contents: write
 
 env:
@@ -29,13 +35,13 @@ jobs:
         include:
           - arch: amd64
             runner: ubuntu-24.04
-            image: crossdesk/ubuntu22.04:buildenv-cuda12.6.3-xmake3.0.9-rust1.92.0
-            package_script: ./scripts/linux/pkg_amd64.sh
+            image: crossdesk/ubuntu20.04:buildenv-cuda12.6.3-gcc10-cmake3.31.6-pipewire0.3.48-xmake3.0.9-rust1.92.0
+            package_script: ./apps/desktop/scripts/linux/pkg_amd64.sh
 
           - arch: arm64
             runner: ubuntu-24.04-arm
-            image: crossdesk/ubuntu22.04:buildenv-cuda12.6.3-xmake3.0.9-rust1.92.0
-            package_script: ./scripts/linux/pkg_arm64.sh
+            image: crossdesk/ubuntu20.04:buildenv-cuda12.6.3-gcc10-cmake3.31.6-pipewire0.3.48-xmake3.0.9-rust1.92.0
+            package_script: ./apps/desktop/scripts/linux/pkg_arm64.sh
 
     container:
       image: ${{ matrix.image }}
@@ -103,26 +109,64 @@ jobs:
       - name: Verify Linux build image
         run: verify-crossdesk-build-image
 
+      - name: Ensure Wayland build dependencies
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          if pkg-config --exists dbus-1 libdrm && \
+             test -f /opt/crossdesk-pipewire-sdk/include/pipewire-0.3/pipewire/pipewire.h && \
+             test -f /opt/crossdesk-pipewire-sdk/include/spa-0.2/spa/param/video/format-utils.h; then
+            exit 0
+          fi
+
+          apt-get update
+          apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+            libdbus-1-dev \
+            libdrm-dev
+          rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+          install-crossdesk-pipewire-sdk
+          pkg-config --exists dbus-1 libdrm
+          test -f /opt/crossdesk-pipewire-sdk/include/pipewire-0.3/pipewire/pipewire.h
+          test -f /opt/crossdesk-pipewire-sdk/include/spa-0.2/spa/param/video/format-utils.h
+
       - name: Build CrossDesk
         env:
           CUDA_PATH: /usr/local/cuda
           XMAKE_GLOBALDIR: /data
         run: |
-          xmake f --CROSSDESK_VERSION=${LEGAL_VERSION} --USE_CUDA=true --root -y
+          xmake f --CROSSDESK_VERSION=${LEGAL_VERSION} --USE_CUDA=true --USE_WAYLAND=true \
+            --cc=gcc-10 --cxx=g++-10 --root -y
           xmake b -vy --root crossdesk
 
+      - name: Verify repository and wire boundaries
+        env:
+          XMAKE_GLOBALDIR: /data
+        run: |
+          xmake b -vy --root repository_structure_test
+          xmake b -vy --root crossdesk_wire_test
+          xmake b -vy --root keyboard_state_wire_test
+          xmake run --root repository_structure_test
+          xmake run --root crossdesk_wire_test
+          xmake run --root keyboard_state_wire_test
+
       - name: Package
         run: |
           chmod +x ${{ matrix.package_script }}
           ${{ matrix.package_script }} ${LEGAL_VERSION}
 
-      - name: Verify packaged Ubuntu 22.04 glibc baseline
+      - name: Verify Ubuntu 20.04 package dependency resolution
+        run: |
+          PACKAGE_FILE="${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/crossdesk-linux-${{ matrix.arch }}-${LEGAL_VERSION}.deb"
+          apt-get update
+          apt-get install --simulate "${PACKAGE_FILE}"
+
+      - name: Verify packaged Ubuntu 20.04 glibc baseline
         run: |
           PACKAGE_FILE="${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/crossdesk-linux-${{ matrix.arch }}-${LEGAL_VERSION}.deb"
           VERIFY_DIR="${RUNNER_TEMP}/crossdesk-glibc-${{ matrix.arch }}"
           install -d "${VERIFY_DIR}"
           dpkg-deb --extract "${PACKAGE_FILE}" "${VERIFY_DIR}"
-          verify-crossdesk-glibc-baseline "${VERIFY_DIR}" 2.35
+          verify-crossdesk-glibc-baseline "${VERIFY_DIR}" 2.31
 
       - name: Upload artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
@@ -136,21 +180,22 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.runner }}
     env:
       MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: "14.0"
+      EXPECTED_MACOS_SDK: "26.5"
     strategy:
       matrix:
         include:
           - arch: x64
             binary_arch: x86_64
-            runner: macos-15-intel
-            cache-key: intel-macos14
+            runner: macos-26-intel
+            cache-key: intel-macos26-xcode26.6-min14
             out-dir: ./build/macosx/x86_64/release/crossdesk
-            package_script: ./scripts/macosx/pkg_x64.sh
+            package_script: ./apps/desktop/scripts/macos/pkg_x64.sh
           - arch: arm64
             binary_arch: arm64
-            runner: macos-14
-            cache-key: arm-macos14
+            runner: macos-26
+            cache-key: arm-macos26-xcode26.6-min14
             out-dir: ./build/macosx/arm64/release/crossdesk
-            package_script: ./scripts/macosx/pkg_arm64.sh
+            package_script: ./apps/desktop/scripts/macos/pkg_arm64.sh
 
     steps:
       - name: Extract version number
@@ -193,6 +238,17 @@ jobs:
           echo "BUILD_DATE=${BUILD_DATE}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
           echo "PATCH_NUMBER=${PATCH_NUMBER}" >> $GITHUB_ENV
 
+      - name: Select Xcode 26.6
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_26.6.app/Contents/Developer
+          xcodebuild -version
+          SDK_VERSION="$(xcrun --sdk macosx --show-sdk-version)"
+          if [[ "${SDK_VERSION}" != "${EXPECTED_MACOS_SDK}" ]]; then
+            echo "Unexpected macOS SDK: expected ${EXPECTED_MACOS_SDK}, got ${SDK_VERSION}" >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
       - name: Cache xmake dependencies
         uses: actions/cache@v5
         with:
@@ -215,7 +271,7 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Build CrossDesk
         run: |
-          xmake f --target_minver=${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} --CROSSDESK_VERSION=${VERSION_NUM} --USE_CUDA=true -y
+          xmake f --target_minver=${MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET} --CROSSDESK_VERSION=${VERSION_NUM} --USE_CUDA=false -vyD
           xmake b -vy crossdesk
 
       - name: Package CrossDesk app
@@ -237,7 +293,7 @@ jobs:
             exit 1
           fi
 
-          ./scripts/macosx/verify_app.sh "${APP_PATH}" "${{ matrix.binary_arch }}"
+          ./apps/desktop/scripts/macos/verify_app.sh "${APP_PATH}" "${{ matrix.binary_arch }}" "${EXPECTED_MACOS_SDK}"
 
       - name: Upload build artifacts
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
@@ -250,6 +306,200 @@ jobs:
           mkdir -p release
           cp crossdesk-macos-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ env.VERSION_NUM }}.pkg release/
 
+  # iOS
+  build-ios:
+    name: Build on iOS (arm64)
+    runs-on: macos-26
+    timeout-minutes: 120
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.ios_version.outputs.version }}
+    env:
+      IOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET: "16.0"
+      EXPECTED_IOS_SDK: "26.5"
+      XMAKE_VERSION: "3.1.1"
+      XMAKE_REPO_REVISION: "121109352da272cd1a3d4ed52f2dcda34f839955"
+
+    steps:
+      - name: Extract version number
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          VERSION_REF="${GITHUB_REF##*/}"
+          VERSION_BASE="${VERSION_REF#v}"
+          BUILD_DATE=$(TZ=Asia/Shanghai date +%Y%m%d)
+          PATCH_NUMBER="${{ github.event.inputs.patch }}"
+
+          if [[ ! "${PATCH_NUMBER}" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
+            PATCH_NUMBER=0
+          fi
+
+          if [[ "${VERSION_BASE}" =~ ^([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){1,3})-([0-9]+)-([0-9]{8})$ ]]; then
+            VERSION_BASE="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+            PATCH_NUMBER="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+            BUILD_DATE="${BASH_REMATCH[4]}"
+          elif [[ "${VERSION_BASE}" =~ ^([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){1,3})-([0-9]{8})-([0-9]+)$ ]]; then
+            VERSION_BASE="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+            BUILD_DATE="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+            PATCH_NUMBER="${BASH_REMATCH[4]}"
+          elif [[ "${VERSION_BASE}" =~ ^([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){1,3})-([0-9]{8})$ ]]; then
+            VERSION_BASE="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+            BUILD_DATE="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+          elif [[ "${VERSION_BASE}" =~ ^([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){1,3})-([0-9]+)$ && "${PATCH_NUMBER}" == "0" ]]; then
+            VERSION_BASE="${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
+            PATCH_NUMBER="${BASH_REMATCH[3]}"
+          fi
+
+          if [[ "${PATCH_NUMBER}" != "0" ]]; then
+            VERSION_NUM="v${VERSION_BASE}-${PATCH_NUMBER}-${BUILD_DATE}"
+          else
+            VERSION_NUM="v${VERSION_BASE}-${BUILD_DATE}"
+          fi
+
+          echo "VERSION_NUM=${VERSION_NUM}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "VERSION_NUM=${VERSION_NUM}"
+
+      - name: Select Xcode 26.6
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          sudo xcode-select -s /Applications/Xcode_26.6.app/Contents/Developer
+          xcodebuild -version
+          SDK_VERSION="$(xcrun --sdk iphoneos --show-sdk-version)"
+          if [[ "${SDK_VERSION}" != "${EXPECTED_IOS_SDK}" ]]; then
+            echo "Unexpected iOS SDK: expected ${EXPECTED_IOS_SDK}, got ${SDK_VERSION}" >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Checkout code
+        uses: actions/checkout@v5
+
+      - name: Read independent iOS version
+        id: ios_version
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          IOS_VERSION_BASE="$(xcodebuild \
+            -project apps/ios/CrossDeskMobile.xcodeproj \
+            -scheme CrossDeskMobile \
+            -configuration Release \
+            -destination 'generic/platform=iOS' \
+            -showBuildSettings CODE_SIGNING_ALLOWED=NO | \
+            awk '$1 == "MARKETING_VERSION" && $2 == "=" { print $3 }')"
+          if [[ ! "${IOS_VERSION_BASE}" =~ ^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$ ]]; then
+            echo "Invalid iOS marketing version: ${IOS_VERSION_BASE}" >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          VERSION_NUM="v${IOS_VERSION_BASE}-${VERSION_NUM##*-}"
+          echo "IOS_VERSION_BASE=${IOS_VERSION_BASE}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "VERSION_NUM=${VERSION_NUM}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          echo "version=${VERSION_NUM}" >> "${GITHUB_OUTPUT}"
+
+      - name: Initialize submodules
+        run: git submodule update --init --recursive
+
+      - name: Cache xmake dependencies
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
+        with:
+          path: apps/ios/.xmake/packages
+          key: "${{ runner.os }}-xmake${{ env.XMAKE_VERSION }}-deps-ios-arm64-xcode26.6-xrepo1211093-min16-${{ github.run_id }}"
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-xmake${{ env.XMAKE_VERSION }}-deps-ios-arm64-xcode26.6-xrepo1211093-min16-
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@v6
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.13"
+
+      - name: Install xmake
+        uses: xmake-io/github-action-setup-xmake@v1
+        with:
+          xmake-version: "${{ env.XMAKE_VERSION }}"
+
+      - name: Verify xmake version
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          XMAKE_VERSION_OUTPUT="$(xmake --version)"
+          echo "${XMAKE_VERSION_OUTPUT}"
+          if [[ "${XMAKE_VERSION_OUTPUT}" != *"xmake v${XMAKE_VERSION}"* ]]; then
+            echo "Unexpected xmake version: expected ${XMAKE_VERSION}" >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+      - name: Pin xmake package repository
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          xmake repo -u
+          XMAKE_REPO_DIR="${HOME}/.xmake/repositories/xmake-repo"
+          git -C "${XMAKE_REPO_DIR}" fetch --depth=1 origin "${XMAKE_REPO_REVISION}"
+          git -C "${XMAKE_REPO_DIR}" checkout --detach "${XMAKE_REPO_REVISION}"
+          test "$(git -C "${XMAKE_REPO_DIR}" rev-parse HEAD)" = "${XMAKE_REPO_REVISION}"
+
+      - name: Build CrossDesk Mobile
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          DERIVED_DATA="${RUNNER_TEMP}/CrossDeskMobileDerivedData"
+          echo "DERIVED_DATA=${DERIVED_DATA}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          xcodebuild \
+            -project apps/ios/CrossDeskMobile.xcodeproj \
+            -scheme CrossDeskMobile \
+            -configuration Release \
+            -destination 'generic/platform=iOS' \
+            -derivedDataPath "${DERIVED_DATA}" \
+            CODE_SIGNING_ALLOWED=NO \
+            CODE_SIGNING_REQUIRED=NO \
+            COMPILER_INDEX_STORE_ENABLE=NO \
+            IPHONEOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET="${IOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET}" \
+            build
+
+      - name: Verify CrossDesk Mobile
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          APP_PATH="${DERIVED_DATA}/Build/Products/Release-iphoneos/CrossDeskMobile.app"
+          EXECUTABLE_PATH="${APP_PATH}/CrossDeskMobile"
+          INFO_PLIST="${APP_PATH}/Info.plist"
+
+          if [[ ! -x "${EXECUTABLE_PATH}" ]]; then
+            echo "CrossDeskMobile executable is missing from ${APP_PATH}" >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          xcrun lipo "${EXECUTABLE_PATH}" -verify_arch arm64
+          APP_VERSION=$(/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c 'Print :CFBundleShortVersionString' "${INFO_PLIST}")
+          if [[ "${APP_VERSION}" != "${IOS_VERSION_BASE}" ]]; then
+            echo "Unexpected iOS app version: expected ${IOS_VERSION_BASE}, got ${APP_VERSION}" >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          MINIMUM_OS=$(/usr/libexec/PlistBuddy -c 'Print :MinimumOSVersion' "${INFO_PLIST}")
+          if [[ "${MINIMUM_OS}" != "${IOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET}" ]]; then
+            echo "Unexpected minimum iOS version: expected ${IOS_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET}, got ${MINIMUM_OS}" >&2
+            exit 1
+          fi
+
+          xcrun lipo -info "${EXECUTABLE_PATH}"
+          echo "Minimum iOS version: ${MINIMUM_OS}"
+
+      - name: Package CrossDesk Mobile
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          APP_PATH="${DERIVED_DATA}/Build/Products/Release-iphoneos/CrossDeskMobile.app"
+          PACKAGE_DIR="${RUNNER_TEMP}/crossdesk-ios-arm64-unsigned-${VERSION_NUM}"
+          PACKAGE_FILE="${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/crossdesk-ios-arm64-unsigned-${VERSION_NUM}.zip"
+
+          mkdir -p "${PACKAGE_DIR}"
+          cp -R "${APP_PATH}" "${PACKAGE_DIR}/"
+
+          DSYM_PATH="${DERIVED_DATA}/Build/Products/Release-iphoneos/CrossDeskMobile.app.dSYM"
+          if [[ -d "${DSYM_PATH}" ]]; then
+            cp -R "${DSYM_PATH}" "${PACKAGE_DIR}/"
+          fi
+
+          ditto -c -k --sequesterRsrc --keepParent "${PACKAGE_DIR}" "${PACKAGE_FILE}"
+          echo "PACKAGE_FILE=${PACKAGE_FILE}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+
+      - name: Upload build artifact
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
+        with:
+          name: crossdesk-ios-arm64-unsigned-${{ env.VERSION_NUM }}
+          path: ${{ env.PACKAGE_FILE }}
+          if-no-files-found: error
+
   # Windows
   build-windows-x64:
     name: Build on Windows x64
@@ -359,7 +609,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Copy nsProcess plugin to NSIS folder
         run: |
           $nsisPluginDir = "C:\Program Files (x86)\NSIS\Plugins\x86-unicode"
-          copy "${{ github.workspace }}\scripts\windows\nsProcess.dll" $nsisPluginDir
+          copy "${{ github.workspace }}\apps\desktop\scripts\windows\nsProcess.dll" $nsisPluginDir
 
       - name: Build CrossDesk
         run: |
@@ -369,7 +619,53 @@ jobs:
       - name: Package
         shell: pwsh
         run: |
-          & "${{ github.workspace }}\scripts\windows\pkg_x64.ps1" $env:VERSION_NUM
+          & "${{ github.workspace }}\apps\desktop\scripts\windows\pkg_x64.ps1" $env:VERSION_NUM
+
+      - name: Upload unsigned Windows installer for test signing
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.sign_windows_test
+        id: upload-unsigned-windows-installer
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        with:
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/apps/desktop/scripts/windows/crossdesk-win-x64-${{ env.VERSION_NUM }}.exe
+          archive: false
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 1
+
+      - name: Sign Windows installer with SignPath test certificate
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.sign_windows_test
+        uses: signpath/github-action-submit-signing-request@v2
+        with:
+          api-token: ${{ secrets.SIGNPATH_API_TOKEN }}
+          organization-id: ${{ vars.SIGNPATH_ORGANIZATION_ID }}
+          project-slug: crossdesk
+          signing-policy-slug: test-signing
+          github-artifact-id: ${{ steps.upload-unsigned-windows-installer.outputs.artifact-id }}
+          wait-for-completion: true
+          output-artifact-directory: ${{ github.workspace }}\signpath\signed-installer
+          skip-decompress: true
+          parameters: |
+            version: ${{ toJSON(env.VERSION_NUM) }}
+
+      - name: Verify and use test-signed Windows installer
+        if: github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && inputs.sign_windows_test
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $installerName = "crossdesk-win-x64-${{ env.VERSION_NUM }}.exe"
+          $signedInstaller = Join-Path "${{ github.workspace }}\signpath\signed-installer" $installerName
+          $destination = Join-Path "${{ github.workspace }}\apps\desktop\scripts\windows" $installerName
+
+          if (!(Test-Path $signedInstaller)) {
+            throw "SignPath did not return the signed installer: $signedInstaller"
+          }
+
+          $signature = Get-AuthenticodeSignature $signedInstaller
+          if (!$signature.SignerCertificate -or $signature.Status -eq "NotSigned") {
+            throw "SignPath returned an installer without an Authenticode signature."
+          }
+
+          Write-Host "Signer: $($signature.SignerCertificate.Subject)"
+          Write-Host "Signature status: $($signature.Status)"
+          Copy-Item $signedInstaller $destination -Force
 
       - name: Build Portable CrossDesk
         run: |
@@ -386,7 +682,9 @@ jobs:
           $portableFiles = @(
             @("crossdesk.exe", "CrossDesk.exe"),
             @("crossdesk_service.exe", "crossdesk_service.exe"),
-            @("crossdesk_session_helper.exe", "crossdesk_session_helper.exe")
+            @("crossdesk_session_helper.exe", "crossdesk_session_helper.exe"),
+            @("crossdesk_privacy_cursor_helper.exe", "crossdesk_privacy_cursor_helper.exe"),
+            @("crossdesk_privacy_window.dll", "crossdesk_privacy_window.dll")
           )
 
           foreach ($file in $portableFiles) {
@@ -400,6 +698,13 @@ jobs:
 
           Copy-Item (Join-Path $buildDir "*.dll") $portableDir -Force
 
+          # Bundled Amyuni usbmmidd_v2 virtual display driver (headless hosts)
+          $driverDir = Join-Path $buildDir "usbmmidd_v2"
+          if (!(Test-Path (Join-Path $driverDir "deviceinstaller64.exe"))) {
+            throw "Missing bundled usbmmidd_v2 driver package: $driverDir"
+          }
+          Copy-Item $driverDir (Join-Path $portableDir "usbmmidd_v2") -Recurse -Force
+
           foreach ($file in $portableFiles) {
             $packagedFile = Join-Path $portableDir $file[1]
             if (!(Test-Path $packagedFile)) {
@@ -413,7 +718,7 @@ jobs:
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
         with:
           name: crossdesk-win-x64-${{ env.VERSION_NUM }}
-          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/scripts/windows/crossdesk-win-x64-${{ env.VERSION_NUM }}.exe
+          path: ${{ github.workspace }}/apps/desktop/scripts/windows/crossdesk-win-x64-${{ env.VERSION_NUM }}.exe
 
       - name: Upload portable artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v6
@@ -424,8 +729,7 @@ jobs:
   release:
     name: Publish Release
     if: startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v')
-    needs:
-      [build-linux, build-macos, build-windows-x64]
+    needs: [build-linux, build-macos, build-ios, build-windows-x64]
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     steps:
@@ -481,6 +785,25 @@ jobs:
           echo "BUILD_DATE_ISO=${BUILD_DATE_ISO}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
           echo "PATCH_NUMBER=${PATCH_NUMBER}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
+      - name: Prepare release notes
+        env:
+          RELEASE_TAG: ${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}
+          VERSION_BASE: ${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_BASE }}
+        run: |
+          if [[ -f "docs/releases/${RELEASE_TAG}.md" ]]; then
+            cp "docs/releases/${RELEASE_TAG}.md" release-notes.md
+          elif [[ -f "docs/releases/v${VERSION_BASE}.md" ]]; then
+            cp "docs/releases/v${VERSION_BASE}.md" release-notes.md
+          else
+            cat > release-notes.md << 'EOF'
+          Binary release only. Source code is not included.
+
+          ## Code signing policy
+
+          Free code signing provided by [SignPath.io](https://signpath.io/), certificate by [SignPath Foundation](https://signpath.org/).
+          EOF
+          fi
+
       - name: Rename artifacts
         run: |
           mkdir -p release
@@ -488,6 +811,7 @@ jobs:
           cp artifacts/crossdesk-macos-arm64-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}/* release/crossdesk-macos-arm64-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}.pkg
           cp artifacts/crossdesk-linux-amd64-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}/* release/crossdesk-linux-amd64-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}.deb
           cp artifacts/crossdesk-linux-arm64-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}/* release/crossdesk-linux-arm64-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}.deb
+          cp artifacts/crossdesk-ios-arm64-unsigned-${{ needs.build-ios.outputs.version }}/* release/crossdesk-ios-arm64-unsigned-${{ needs.build-ios.outputs.version }}.zip
           cp artifacts/crossdesk-win-x64-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}/* release/crossdesk-win-x64-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}.exe
           cp artifacts/crossdesk-win-x64-portable-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}/* release/crossdesk-win-x64-portable-${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}.zip
 
@@ -498,13 +822,13 @@ jobs:
         uses: softprops/action-gh-release@v2
         with:
           tag_name: ${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}
+          target_commitish: ${{ github.sha }}
           name: Release ${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}
           draft: false
           prerelease: false
           files: release/*
           generate_release_notes: false
-          body: |
-            Binary release only. Source code is not included.
+          body_path: release-notes.md
 
       - name: Create or update 'latest' tag
         run: |
@@ -522,6 +846,7 @@ jobs:
           prerelease: false
           files: release/*
           generate_release_notes: false
+          body_path: release-notes.md
 
       - name: Upload artifacts to server
         uses: burnett01/rsync-deployments@5.2
@@ -572,6 +897,11 @@ jobs:
             }
           }
           EOF
+          jq --arg release_name "Release ${{ steps.version.outputs.VERSION_WITH_V }}" \
+            --rawfile release_notes release-notes.md \
+            '.releaseName = $release_name | .releaseNotes = $release_notes' \
+            version.json > version-with-notes.json
+          mv version-with-notes.json version.json
           cat version.json
 
       - name: Upload version.json to server

.gitignore

@@ -1,9 +1,14 @@
 # Xmake cache
 .xmake/
 build/
+apps/ios/Vendor/
+apps/ios/DerivedData*/
+apps/ios/.xmake/
+xcuserdata/
+*.xcuserstate
 
 # MacOS Cache
 .DS_Store
 
 # VSCode cache
-.vscode
+.vscode

.gitmodules

@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
-[submodule "submodules/minirtc"]
-	path = submodules/minirtc
+[submodule "deps/submodules/minirtc"]
+	path = deps/submodules/minirtc
 	url = https://github.com/kunkundi/minirtc.git

PRIVACY.md

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# CrossDesk Privacy Policy
+
+Last updated: August 8, 2026
+
+[中文](#中文) | [English](#english)
+
+## 中文
+
+### 适用范围
+
+本隐私政策适用于 CrossDesk 桌面客户端及项目提供的默认网络服务。用户自行部署或指定的服务器由相应服务器运营者负责，其数据处理方式不在本政策控制范围内。
+
+### 网络通信
+
+CrossDesk 是远程桌面软件，需要通过网络完成设备发现、连接协商及远程会话。客户端可能进行以下网络通信：
+
+- **默认服务：** 未启用自托管时，客户端会连接预配置的 CrossDesk 服务（`api.crossdesk.cn`），用于设备注册、信令、网络地址转换（NAT）穿透，并在无法建立直接连接时提供中继。
+- **版本检查：** 客户端启动时会从 CrossDesk 版本服务（`version.crossdesk.cn`）获取最新版本信息。当前即使启用自托管，版本检查仍会访问 CrossDesk 版本服务。
+- **远程会话：** 用户主动发起或接受远程连接后，CrossDesk 会根据使用的功能在设备之间传输屏幕画面、音频、键盘和鼠标输入、剪贴板文本以及用户选择传输的文件。剪贴板文本可能在远程会话期间自动同步。这些数据可能通过直接连接传输，也可能在必要时通过配置的中继服务器转发。
+- **自托管：** 用户可以在设置中指定自己的信令及中继服务器。自托管服务器的日志、数据保存和访问规则由其运营者决定。
+
+### 处理的信息
+
+为提供上述功能，CrossDesk 可能处理：
+
+- 连接所需的设备标识及认证信息；
+- IP 地址、端口、连接时间、连接状态等必要的网络元数据；
+- 版本检查请求产生的标准网络请求信息；
+- 用户授权的远程会话中处理的屏幕、音频、控制指令、剪贴板及文件内容。
+
+### 信息的使用与保存
+
+- 设备标识、连接设置及用户偏好会保存在本地设备上，以便后续使用。
+- 通过官方信令和中继服务处理的信息仅用于建立、维持和转发 CrossDesk 连接，以及服务运行、安全防护和故障排查。
+- 中继传输的远程会话内容仅用于实时转发，不用于广告或用户画像。
+- CrossDesk 桌面客户端不包含广告功能，也不会主动上传诊断日志、崩溃报告或用户行为分析数据。
+- 自托管服务器可能保存的日志和数据由其运营者控制，请向相应运营者了解其隐私与保存政策。
+
+### 用户选择
+
+用户可以：
+
+- 配置自托管服务器，以替代默认信令和中继服务；
+- 决定是否发起或接受远程会话；
+- 决定是否选择并传输文件；
+- 结束远程会话，以停止会话数据传输；
+- 删除 CrossDesk 的本地配置、缓存及日志文件。
+
+### 政策更新与联系方式
+
+本政策可能随着 CrossDesk 功能或网络服务的变化而更新。更新内容将在本文件中发布。如有隐私相关问题，请联系 [junkun.di@hotmail.com](mailto:junkun.di@hotmail.com)。
+
+---
+
+## English
+
+### Scope
+
+This Privacy Policy applies to the CrossDesk desktop client and the default network services provided by the project. Servers deployed or selected by users are operated by their respective administrators, and their data-processing practices are outside the control of this policy.
+
+### Network communications
+
+CrossDesk is remote desktop software and requires network communications for device discovery, connection negotiation, and remote sessions. The client may perform the following communications:
+
+- **Default services:** Unless self-hosting is enabled, the client connects to preconfigured CrossDesk services (`api.crossdesk.cn`) for device registration, signaling, network address translation (NAT) traversal, and relay when a direct connection cannot be established.
+- **Update checks:** On startup, the client retrieves current release information from the CrossDesk version service (`version.crossdesk.cn`). Update checks currently continue to use the CrossDesk version service even when self-hosting is enabled.
+- **Remote sessions:** After a user initiates or accepts a remote connection, CrossDesk transmits the data required by enabled features between devices. This may include screen content, audio, keyboard and mouse input, clipboard text, and files selected by the user. Clipboard text may be synchronized automatically during a remote session. Data may travel over a direct connection or through the configured relay server when necessary.
+- **Self-hosting:** Users may configure their own signaling and relay servers. Logging, retention, and access policies for a self-hosted server are determined by its operator.
+
+### Information processed
+
+To provide these functions, CrossDesk may process:
+
+- device identifiers and authentication information required for connections;
+- necessary network metadata, such as IP addresses, ports, connection times, and connection status;
+- standard network request information generated by update checks; and
+- screen, audio, control, clipboard, and file content processed during a remote session authorized by the user.
+
+### Use and storage of information
+
+- Device identifiers, connection settings, and user preferences are stored locally for subsequent use.
+- Information processed by the official signaling and relay services is used only to establish, maintain, and relay CrossDesk connections and for service operation, security, and troubleshooting.
+- Remote-session content passing through a relay is used only for real-time forwarding and is not used for advertising or user profiling.
+- The CrossDesk desktop client does not contain advertising functionality and does not intentionally upload diagnostic logs, crash reports, or behavioral analytics.
+- Logs and data that may be retained by self-hosted servers are controlled by their operators. Contact the relevant operator for its privacy and retention practices.
+
+### User choices
+
+Users may:
+
+- configure a self-hosted server instead of the default signaling and relay services;
+- choose whether to initiate or accept a remote session;
+- choose whether to select and transfer files;
+- end a remote session to stop session-data transmission; and
+- remove local CrossDesk configuration, cache, and log files.
+
+### Changes and contact
+
+This policy may be updated as CrossDesk features or network services change. Updates will be published in this file. For privacy-related questions, contact [junkun.di@hotmail.com](mailto:junkun.di@hotmail.com).

README.md

@@ -1,335 +1,217 @@
-# CrossDesk
+<div align="center">
+  <img src="apps/desktop/resources/linux/crossdesk_128x128.png" width="80" alt="CrossDesk 标志" />
+  <h1>CrossDesk</h1>
+  <p>轻量、跨平台的远程桌面，让电脑、浏览器和 iPhone / iPad 连接到同一张桌面。</p>
+  <p><a href="https://www.crossdesk.cn/">官方网站</a> · <a href="https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/releases">下载客户端</a> · <a href="https://web.crossdesk.cn/">打开 Web 客户端</a> · <a href="README_EN.md">English</a></p>
+</div>
 
-<a href="https://hellogithub.com/repository/kunkundi/crossdesk" target="_blank"><img src="https://api.hellogithub.com/v1/widgets/recommend.svg?rid=55d41367570345f1838e02fd12be7961&claim_uid=cb0OpZRrBuGVAfL&theme=small" alt="Featured｜HelloGitHub" /></a>
-[![Platform](https://img.shields.io/badge/platform-Windows%20%7C%20Linux%20%7C%20macOS-brightgreen.svg)]()
-[![License: GPL v3](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-GPL%20v3-blue.svg)](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0)
-[![GitHub last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/kunkundi/crossdesk)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/commits/web-client)
-[![Build Status](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/actions/workflows/build.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/actions)  
-[![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/crossdesk/crossdesk-server)](https://hub.docker.com/r/crossdesk/crossdesk-server/tags)
-[![GitHub issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues/kunkundi/crossdesk.svg)]()
-[![GitHub stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/kunkundi/crossdesk.svg?style=social)]()
-[![GitHub forks](https://img.shields.io/github/forks/kunkundi/crossdesk.svg?style=social)]()
+<div align="center">
 
-[ [English](README_EN.md) / 中文 ]
+[![Platforms](https://img.shields.io/badge/platform-Windows%20%7C%20macOS%20%7C%20Linux%20%7C%20iOS-blue)](#download)
+[![Release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/kunkundi/crossdesk)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/releases)
+[![Build](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/actions/workflows/build.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/actions/workflows/build.yml)
+[![License: GPL v3](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-GPL--3.0-blue)](LICENSE)
+[![Stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/kunkundi/crossdesk?style=social)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/stargazers)
 
-PC 客户端
-![sup_example](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/eeb64fbe-1f07-4626-be1c-b77396beb905)
+</div>
+
+CrossDesk 支持 Windows、macOS、Linux 之间的远程访问，也可从浏览器或原生 iOS 客户端控制电脑。项目基于 [MiniRTC](https://github.com/kunkundi/minirtc)，提供实时音视频传输、键鼠控制、文件传输与自托管能力，仍在持续开发中。
+
+> 本文按当前仓库代码整理。截图展示当前 Slint 桌面界面，使用演示 ID、密码、在线状态和连接记录；缩略图来自公开页面；下载包的功能与系统要求请同时核对对应 Release 说明。原生 iOS 客户端的构建、签名方式见下文。
+
+[界面预览](#preview) · [下载与安装](#download) · [快速连接](#quick-start) · [会话操作](#session) · [设置](#settings) · [iOS](#ios) · [自托管](#self-hosting) · [源码构建](docs/BUILD.md) · [常见问题](docs/FAQ.md)
+
+<a id="preview"></a>
+
+## 界面预览
+
+### 桌面客户端
+
+主窗口集中展示本机 ID、连接密码、远程连接入口和近期连接记录。
 
-Web 客户端
 <p align="center">
-  <img width="850" height="550" alt="6bddcbed47ffd4b9988a4037c7f4f524" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/e44f73f9-24ac-46a3-a189-b7f8b6669881" />
+  <img src="docs/images/desktop-main-zh.png" width="800" alt="当前桌面客户端示例：已连接服务器，三台在线设备均显示页面缩略图" />
 </p>
 
-## 简介
-
-CrossDesk 是一个轻量级的跨平台远程桌面软件，支持 Web 端控制远程设备。
-
-CrossDesk 是 [MiniRTC](https://github.com/kunkundi/minirtc.git) 实时音视频传输库的实验性应用。MiniRTC 是一个轻量级的跨平台实时音视频传输库。它具有网络透传（[RFC5245](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5245)），视频软硬编解码（H264/AV1），音频编解码（[Opus](https://github.com/xiph/opus)），信令交互，网络拥塞控制，传输加密（[SRTP](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3711)）等基础能力。
-
-## 系统要求
-
-| 平台 | 最低版本 |
-|----------------|---------------------------|
-| **Windows** | Windows 10 及以上 (64 位) |
-| **macOS** | macOS Intel 15.0 及以上 ( 大于 14.0 小于 15.0 的版本可自行编译实现兼容 )<br> macOS Apple Silicon 14.0 及以上 |
-| **Linux** | Ubuntu 22.04 及以上 ( 低版本可自行编译实现兼容 ) |
-
-## 使用
-
-在菜单栏“对端ID”处输入远端桌面的ID，点击“→”即可发起远程连接。
-
-![usage1](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3a4bb59f-c84c-44d2-9a20-11790aac510e)
-
-如果远端桌面设置了连接密码，则本端需填写正确的连接密码才能成功发起远程连接。
-
-![password](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1beadcce-640d-4f5c-8e77-51917b5294d5)
-
-发起连接前，可在设置中自定义配置项，如语言、视频编码格式等。
-![settings](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8bc5468d-7bbb-4e30-95bd-da1f352ac08c)
-
 ### Web 客户端
-浏览器访问 [CrossDesk Web Client](https://web.crossdesk.cn/)。
-输入 **远程设备 ID** 与 **密码**，点击连接即可接入远程设备。如图，**iOS Safari 远程控制 Win11**：
 
-<img width="645" height="300" alt="_cgi-bin_mmwebwx-bin_webwxgetmsgimg__ MsgID=932911462648581698 skey=@crypt_1f5153b1_b550ca7462b5009ce03c991cca2a92a7 mmweb_appid=wx_webfilehelper" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a5109e6f-752c-4654-9f4e-7e161bddf43e" />
+在浏览器中输入远程设备 ID 和密码，无需在控制端安装桌面客户端。
 
-### Windows 服务（CrossDesk Service）
-CrossDesk 在 Windows 平台提供本地辅助服务 **CrossDesk Service**，服务名为 `CrossDeskService`。该服务用于锁屏、登录界面和安全桌面等受保护场景下的远程控制增强能力，包括：
-- 上报远端当前是否处于锁屏、登录、凭据输入或安全桌面状态；
-- 支持从控制端发送 `Ctrl+Alt+Del`（SAS）；
-- 在锁屏、登录和安全桌面阶段转发键盘、鼠标输入。
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="docs/images/web-client.png" width="800" alt="CrossDesk Web 客户端当前连接首页" />
+</p>
 
-Windows 安装包会自动打包 `crossdesk_service.exe` 和 `crossdesk_session_helper.exe`，并在安装时注册为按需启动的 Windows 服务。CrossDesk 客户端启动时会尝试启动已安装的服务；当本机没有 CrossDesk 客户端进程运行时，服务会自动退出。卸载客户端时会同步停止并移除该服务。
+图片来源与更新方式见 [截图说明](docs/images/README.md)。
 
-如果是手动编译或手动部署 Windows 版本，请确保 `CrossDesk.exe`、`crossdesk_service.exe` 和 `crossdesk_session_helper.exe` 位于同一目录。安装或卸载服务需要使用管理员权限打开 PowerShell：
+## 主要功能
+
+| 能力 | 当前支持 |
+| --- | --- |
+| 跨平台控制 | Windows / macOS / Linux 桌面互控；浏览器与原生 iOS 作为控制端 |
+| 实时画面与声音 | H.264 / AV1、30 / 60 fps 设置、硬件编解码选项、远端声音播放；实际能力取决于设备与构建配置 |
+| 多设备与多显示器 | 近期连接、设备别名、会话标签与远端显示器切换 |
+| 输入与协作 | 键鼠输入、远端光标同步、组合键、文本剪贴板同步、文件传输 |
+| 网络与部署 | P2P 直连、TURN 中继、SRTP 加密选项、自托管信令与中继服务 |
+| Windows 锁屏控制 | 通过 CrossDesk Service 支持锁屏、登录界面及安全桌面的输入转发 |
+
+各客户端的入口和能力有所不同；桌面会话操作见下文，iOS 的具体功能见 [开发说明](apps/ios/README.md)。
+
+<a id="download"></a>
+
+## 下载与安装
+
+前往 [GitHub Releases](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/releases) 或 [官方网站](https://www.crossdesk.cn/)，按系统与 CPU 架构选择安装包。
+
+| 平台 | 当前源码 / CI 基线 | 安装方式 |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Windows | Windows 10+，x64 | `.exe` 安装包；便携构建也受支持 |
+| macOS | macOS 14.0+，Intel / Apple Silicon | 选择 x64 或 arm64 的 `.pkg` |
+| Linux | Ubuntu 20.04+，amd64 / arm64，glibc 2.31 基线 | `.deb` 安装包 |
+| iOS / iPadOS | iOS 16.0+，arm64 真机 | 原生客户端；使用 Xcode 构建并签名，CI 产物为未签名应用 |
+| Web | 支持 WebRTC 的浏览器 | 访问 [web.crossdesk.cn](https://web.crossdesk.cn/) |
+
+Linux 下载后，在下载目录中将文件名替换为实际安装包名称：
+
+```bash
+sudo apt install "./crossdesk-linux-amd64-<version>.deb"
 ```
-# 安装
+
+**macOS 首次运行：** 按应用提示，在“系统设置 → 隐私与安全性”中授予 CrossDesk **屏幕录制**（新系统可能显示为“屏幕与系统音频录制”）及 **辅助功能**权限，再按系统提示重新打开应用。前者用于捕获桌面，后者用于远程键鼠输入。
+
+<a id="quick-start"></a>
+
+## 快速连接
+
+### 从另一台电脑连接
+
+1. **准备被控电脑。** 安装并运行 CrossDesk，等待底部显示“已连接服务器”。在左侧“本桌面”查看 **本机 ID** 和 **密码**，提供给控制端。
+2. **输入对端 ID。** 在控制端右侧“远程桌面 → 对端 ID”输入被控电脑的 ID，点击 **→**。
+3. **完成密码验证。** 按弹窗输入被控电脑当前的连接密码，确认后等待远程画面出现。需要保存密码时勾选“记住密码”。
+4. **再次连接。** 成功连接过的设备会出现在“近期连接”中，可通过卡片重连，也可编辑别名或删除记录。
+
+本机密码旁的眼睛按钮用于显示 / 隐藏密码，铅笔按钮用于修改密码。修改时使用 **6 位数字或英文字母**，并保持连接服务器；等待修改成功、客户端重新连接后，再复制当前密码。已保存旧密码的控制端需重新输入。
+
+### 从浏览器连接
+
+1. 保持被控电脑上的 CrossDesk 运行，并确认已连接服务器；在被控端“设置”中保持 **启用 SRTP** 开启。
+2. 打开 [Web 客户端](https://web.crossdesk.cn/)，输入 **远程设备 ID** 和 **密码**，点击“连接”。
+3. 连接后使用页面提供的显示器、鼠标模式和键盘控件操作远端；手机和平板也可通过浏览器访问。
+
+如果使用自建服务器，需要让控制端与被控端接入同一服务；Web 部署配置见 [CrossDesk Web Client](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk-web-client)。
+
+<a id="session"></a>
+
+## 会话中的常用操作
+
+远程窗口通过会话标签切换设备，控制栏提供以下操作；控制栏收起时先点击展开按钮。将鼠标悬停在图标上可查看提示。
+
+| 入口 | 用途 |
+| --- | --- |
+| 显示器 | 切换远端显示器 |
+| 键盘 | 发送组合键；Windows 的 `Ctrl+Alt+Del` 依赖远端服务 |
+| 鼠标 | 控制 / 释放远端鼠标 |
+| 扬声器 | 播放声音 / 静音 |
+| 文件夹 | 选择文件发送到远端，并查看传输进度 |
+| 网络状态 | 查看流量、丢包率、帧率、分辨率及直连 / 中继状态 |
+| 全屏 | 进入 / 退出全屏 |
+| 断开连接 | 结束当前远程会话 |
+
+桌面端可同步文本剪贴板。接收文件的位置可在“设置 → 文件保存路径”调整。关闭主窗口会隐藏窗口并保持程序运行；需要完全退出时使用系统托盘或菜单栏中的退出入口。
+
+<a id="settings"></a>
+
+## 调整画面与连接设置
+
+点击主窗口右上角 **☰ → 设置**，修改后点击“确认”保存。建议在建立连接前调整；会话进行中部分选项不可修改。设置列表可向下滚动，查看自托管、启动方式与文件保存路径。
+
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="docs/images/desktop-settings-zh.png" width="720" alt="当前设置界面：画质、帧率、画面偏好、编解码、中继与 SRTP" />
+</p>
+
+| 设置 | 说明 |
+| --- | --- |
+| 画面质量 / 帧率 | 选择低、中、高画质与 30 / 60 fps；实际帧率取决于网络和设备 |
+| 画面偏好 | 在帧率优先、画质优先、平衡之间选择 |
+| 视频编码格式 | H.264 / AV1；硬件编解码是否可用取决于平台、硬件与构建选项 |
+| 启用中继服务 | 允许借助 TURN 中继建立连接；P2P 连接失败时先检查此项 |
+| 启用 SRTP | 媒体传输加密选项，两端配置需兼容 |
+| 自托管配置 | 设置服务器地址、信令端口与中继端口，并勾选启用 |
+| 开机自启 / 启用守护进程 | 调整启动与进程守护行为，按界面提示重启后生效 |
+| 文件保存路径 | 选择接收文件的目录 |
+
+<a id="ios"></a>
+
+## 原生 iOS / iPadOS 客户端
+
+仓库的 [`apps/ios`](apps/ios/README.md) 提供原生控制端，与桌面端使用同一套 MiniRTC 协议。它可以控制远端电脑；当前不提供将 iPhone / iPad 作为被控桌面的功能。
+
+1. 按 [iOS 开发说明](apps/ios/README.md) 使用 Xcode 构建并签名，安装到 iOS 16+ 的真机。
+2. 在首页输入对端 ID，点击连接并填写密码；成功连接后可从“最近连接”中重连。
+3. 在设置中选择鼠标模式：**相对位置**像触控板一样移动光标，**绝对位置**将触摸位置直接映射到远端画面。
+4. 点击悬浮图标展开菜单，可切换显示器、显示键盘、控制声音或发送文件。收到的文件位于应用的 `Documents/Received`，可通过传输状态旁的分享按钮导出。
+
+当前支持接收远端文本到 iOS 剪贴板；界面暂未提供主动发送本机剪贴板的按钮。
+
+当前支持单指点击、双指右键、长按拖动与捏合缩放；缩放后的双指平移用于移动视图。原生端与浏览器端分别维护，使用入口和手势可能不同。
+
+<a id="windows-service"></a>
+
+## Windows 锁屏与登录界面
+
+**CrossDesk Service**（服务名 `CrossDeskService`）提供锁屏、登录、凭据输入及安全桌面的状态上报、`Ctrl+Alt+Del` 发送和键鼠输入转发。
+
+安装版会注册按需启动的服务，客户端启动时尝试启动它；本机没有 CrossDesk 客户端进程后服务会自动退出。便携版可在提示窗口或“设置 → 锁屏控制服务”中安装服务，需要管理员权限。该服务依赖客户端运行。
+
+<details>
+<summary>手动部署与服务管理命令</summary>
+
+保留完整安装目录；自行部署构建产物时，将 `CrossDesk.exe`、`crossdesk_service.exe`、`crossdesk_session_helper.exe` 及同次构建输出的全部 `.dll` 放在同一目录。在该目录打开管理员 PowerShell，按需执行：
+
+```powershell
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-install
-# 启动
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-start
-# 查看状态
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-status
+.\CrossDesk.exe --service-ping
+# 停止或卸载服务
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-stop
-# 卸载
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-uninstall
 ```
 
-如果远端 Windows 服务未安装、未启动或暂时不可用，基础远程桌面连接仍可使用，但锁屏、登录界面和安全桌面阶段的控制能力会受限，客户端会提示“远端Windows服务不可用”。
+</details>
 
-## 如何编译
+出现“远端 Windows 服务不可用”时，检查被控电脑的安装和服务状态；普通桌面连接仍可使用，受保护界面的控制能力会受限。
 
-依赖：
-- [xmake](https://xmake.io/#/guide/installation)
-- [cmake](https://cmake.org/download/)
-
-### Linux
-
-Linux 构建目前支持 Ubuntu 22.04 及以上版本的 amd64 和 arm64。先安装基础编译依赖：
-
-```bash
-sudo apt-get update
-sudo apt-get install -y \
-  git curl unzip build-essential cmake pkg-config binutils dpkg-dev \
-  libx11-dev libxext-dev libxrender-dev libxft-dev libxrandr-dev \
-  libxinerama-dev libxcursor-dev libxi-dev libxfixes-dev libxv-dev \
-  libxtst-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-xtest0-dev libxcb-xinerama0-dev \
-  libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-xkb-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb-shm0-dev \
-  libasound2-dev libsndio-dev libpulse-dev
-```
-
-需要启用 Wayland 捕获或 DRM 捕获时，再安装对应依赖：
-
-```bash
-sudo apt-get install -y libdbus-1-dev libpipewire-0.3-dev libdrm-dev
-```
-
-下载子模块并编译 Release 版本：
-
-```bash
-git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk.git
-cd crossdesk
-
-# 已经克隆过仓库时执行这一行
-git submodule update --init --recursive
-
-xmake f -m release --USE_CUDA=false -y
-xmake b -vy crossdesk
-```
-
-amd64 构建结果位于 `build/linux/x86_64/release/crossdesk`，arm64 构建结果位于 `build/linux/arm64/release/crossdesk`。
-
-启用 Wayland 和 DRM 的配置示例：
-
-```bash
-xmake f -m release --USE_WAYLAND=true --USE_DRM=true --USE_CUDA=false -y
-xmake b -vy crossdesk
-```
-
-生成 Debian 安装包（必须在对应架构上先完成 Release 编译）：
-
-```bash
-# amd64
-./scripts/linux/pkg_amd64.sh 1.0.0
-
-# arm64
-./scripts/linux/pkg_arm64.sh 1.0.0
-```
-
-打包脚本会将 Slint 共享运行库安装到软件包私有目录 `/usr/lib/crossdesk`，无需用户另外安装 `libslint_cpp.so`。
-
-### 通用编译选项
-
-```text
---USE_CUDA=true/false: 启用 CUDA 硬件编解码，默认不启用
---USE_WAYLAND=true/false: 在 Linux 上启用 Wayland/PipeWire 捕获，默认不启用
---USE_DRM=true/false: 在 Linux 上启用 DRM 捕获，默认不启用
---CROSSDESK_PORTABLE=true/false: 构建便携版本，默认不启用
---CROSSDESK_VERSION=xxx: 指定 CrossDesk 的版本
-
-# 示例
-xmake f --CROSSDESK_VERSION=1.0.0 --USE_CUDA=true
-```
-
-运行：
-
-```bash
-xmake r crossdesk
-```
-
-### 无 CUDA 环境下的开发支持
-
-对于**未安装 CUDA 环境的 Linux 开发者，如果希望编译后的成果物拥有硬件编解码能力**，这里提供了预配置的 [Ubuntu 22.04 Docker 镜像](https://hub.docker.com/r/crossdesk/ubuntu22.04)。该镜像内置必要的构建依赖，可在容器中开箱即用，无需额外配置即可直接编译项目。
-
-进入容器，下载工程后执行：
-```
-export CUDA_PATH=/usr/local/cuda
-export XMAKE_GLOBALDIR=/data
-
-xmake f --USE_CUDA=true
-xmake b --root -vy crossdesk
-```
-
-对于**未安装 CUDA 环境的 Windows 开发者**，执行下面的命令安装 CUDA 编译环境：
-```
-xmake require -vy "cuda 12.6.3"
-```
-安装完成后执行:
-```
-xmake require --info "cuda 12.6.3"
-```
-输出如下:
-
-<img width="860" height="226" alt="Image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/999ac365-581a-4b9a-806e-05eb3e4cf44d" />
-
-根据上述输出获取到 CUDA 的安装目录，即 installdir 指向的位置。将 CUDA_PATH 加入系统环境变量，或在终端中输入：
-```
-set CUDA_PATH=path_to_cuda_installdir
-```
-重新执行：
-```
-xmake f --USE_CUDA=true
-xmake b -vy crossdesk
-```
-
-#### 注意
-运行时如果客户端状态栏显示 **未连接服务器**，请先在 [CrossDesk 官方网站](https://www.crossdesk.cn/) 安装客户端，以便在环境中安装所需的证书文件。
-
-<img width="256" height="120" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1812f7d6-516b-4b4f-8a3d-98bee505cc5a" />
-
-## 关于 Xmake
-
-#### 安装 Xmake
-使用 curl：
-```
-curl -fsSL https://xmake.io/shget.text | bash
-```
-使用 wget：
-```
-wget https://xmake.io/shget.text -O - | bash
-```
-使用 powershell：
-```
-irm https://xmake.io/psget.text | iex
-```
-
-#### 编译选项
-```
-# 切换编译模式
-xmake f -m debug/release
-
-# 可选编译参数
--r ：重新构建目标
--v ：显示详细的构建日志
--y ：自动确认提示
-
-# 示例
-xmake b -vy crossdesk
-```
-
-#### 运行选项
-```
-# 使用调试模式运行
-xmake r -d crossdesk
-```
-更多使用方法可参考 [Xmake官方文档](https://xmake.io/guide/quick-start.html) 。
+<a id="self-hosting"></a>
 
 ## 自托管服务器
-推荐使用Docker部署CrossDesk Server。
-```bash
-sudo docker run -d \
-  --name crossdesk_server \
-  --network host \
-  -e EXTERNAL_IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx \
-  -e INTERNAL_IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx \
-  -e CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT=xxxx \
-  -e COTURN_PORT=xxxx \
-  -e MIN_PORT=xxxxx \
-  -e MAX_PORT=xxxxx \
-  -v /var/lib/crossdesk:/var/lib/crossdesk \
-  -v /var/log/crossdesk:/var/log/crossdesk \
-  crossdesk/crossdesk-server:v1.1.6
-```
 
-上述命令中，用户需注意的参数如下：
+可自行部署信令服务与 TURN 中继，并在桌面客户端 **☰ → 设置 → 自托管配置** 中填写连接信息。控制端与被控端都需要启用同一套配置。
 
-**参数**
-- EXTERNAL_IP：服务器公网 IP , 对应 CrossDesk 客户端**自托管服务器配置**中填写的**服务器地址**
-- INTERNAL_IP：服务器内网 IP
-- CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT：自托管服务使用的端口，对应 CrossDesk 客户端**自托管服务器配置**中填写的**服务器端口**
-- COTURN_PORT: COTURN 服务使用的端口, 对应 CrossDesk 客户端**自托管服务器配置**中填写的**中继服务端口**
-- MIN_PORT/MAX_PORT：COTURN 服务使用的端口范围，例如：MIN_PORT=50000, MAX_PORT=60000，范围可根据客户端数量调整。
-- `-v /var/lib/crossdesk:/var/lib/crossdesk`：持久化数据库和证书文件到宿主机
-- `-v /var/log/crossdesk:/var/log/crossdesk`：持久化日志文件到宿主机
+- [自托管指南](docs/SELF_HOSTING.md)：当前 Compose 部署入口、客户端设置、证书信任与排查。
+- [CrossDesk Server](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk-server)：服务端源码与发布配置。
+- [CrossDesk Web Client](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk-web-client)：浏览器端源码与自托管说明。
 
-**示例**：
-```bash
-sudo docker run -d \
-  --name crossdesk_server \
-  --network host \
-  -e EXTERNAL_IP=114.114.114.114 \
-  -e INTERNAL_IP=10.0.0.1 \
-  -e CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT=9099 \
-  -e COTURN_PORT=3478 \
-  -e MIN_PORT=50000 \
-  -e MAX_PORT=60000 \
-  -v /var/lib/crossdesk:/var/lib/crossdesk \
-  -v /var/log/crossdesk:/var/log/crossdesk \
-  crossdesk/crossdesk-server:v1.1.6
-```
+## 开发与反馈
 
-**注意**：
-- **服务器需开放端口：COTURN_PORT/udp，COTURN_PORT/tcp，MIN_PORT-MAX_PORT/udp，CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT/tcp。**
-- 如果不挂载 volume，容器删除后数据会丢失
-- 证书文件会在首次启动时自动生成并持久化到宿主机的 `/var/lib/crossdesk/certs` 路径下。由于默认使用的是自签证书，无法保障安全性，建议在云服务商申请正式证书放到该目录下并重启服务。
-- 数据库文件会自动创建并持久化到宿主机的 `/var/lib/crossdesk/db/crossdesk-server.db` 路径下
-- 日志文件会自动创建并持久化到宿主机的 `/var/log/crossdesk/` 路径下
+- [源码构建](docs/BUILD.md)：Windows、macOS、Linux、可选编译参数与打包。
+- [iOS 开发说明](apps/ios/README.md)：原生端构建和真机验证。
+- [GUI 架构](docs/gui-architecture.md)：桌面 UI、平台实现与工程结构。
+- [常见问题](docs/FAQ.md)：连接失败、黑屏、文件位置与编译问题。
+- [提交问题](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/issues)：请附上两端系统、客户端版本、连接方式和可复现步骤。
 
-**权限注意**：如果 Docker 自动创建的目录权限不足（属于 root），容器内用户无法写入，会导致：
-  - 证书生成失败，容器启动脚本会报错退出
-  - 数据库目录创建失败，程序会抛出异常并崩溃
-  - 日志目录创建失败，日志文件无法写入（但程序可能继续运行）
-  
-**解决方案**：在启动容器前手动设置权限：
-```bash
-sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/crossdesk /var/log/crossdesk
-sudo chown -R $(id -u):$(id -g) /var/lib/crossdesk /var/log/crossdesk
-```
+## 致谢与许可
 
+感谢 [HelloGitHub](https://hellogithub.com/)、[阮一峰的科技爱好者周刊](https://github.com/ruanyf/weekly) 与 [LinuxDo](https://linux.do) 社区的推荐、交流与支持。
 
-### 客户端
-1. 点击右上角设置进入设置页面。<br><br>
-<img width="600" height="210" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6431131d-b32a-4726-8783-6788f47baa3b" /><br>
+CrossDesk 使用 [GPL-3.0](LICENSE) 许可。隐私说明见 [隐私政策](PRIVACY.md#中文)。
 
-2. 点击`自托管服务器配置`按钮。<br><br>
-<img width="600" height="160" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/24c761a3-1985-4d7e-84be-787383c2afb8" /><br>
+Windows 安装包内置 [Amyuni Technologies](https://www.amyuni.com/) 的 USB Mobile Monitor 虚拟显示器驱动（usbmmidd_v2），用于无显示器主机；驱动未作任何修改，其许可见安装目录 `usbmmidd_v2\License.txt`。
 
-3. 输入`服务器地址`(**EXTERNAL_IP**)、`信令服务端口`(**CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT**)、`中继服务端口`(**COTURN_PORT**)，点击确认按钮。
-   
-4. 勾选`自托管服务器配置`选项，点击确认按钮保存设置。如果服务端使用的是正式证书，则到此步骤为止，客户端即可显示已连接服务器。
+### Code signing policy
 
-5. 如果使用默认证书（正式证书忽略此步骤），则需要将服务端`/var/lib/crossdesk/certs/`目录下的`api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt`自签根证书下载到运行客户端的机器，并执行下述命令安装证书：
+CrossDesk 使用 SignPath.io 为本仓库构建的官方 Windows 发布包提供代码签名。
 
-Windows 平台使用**管理员权限**打开 PowerShell 执行
-```
-certutil -addstore "Root" "C:\path\to\api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt"
-```
-Linux
-```
-sudo cp /path/to/api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt
-sudo update-ca-certificates
-```
-macOS
-```
-sudo security add-trusted-cert -d -r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain path/to/api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt
-```
+**Free code signing provided by [SignPath.io](https://signpath.io/), certificate by [SignPath Foundation](https://signpath.org/).**
 
-### Web 客户端
-详情见项目 [CrossDesk Web Client](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk-web-client)。
-
-# 常见问题
-见 [常见问题](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/blob/self-hosted-server/docs/FAQ.md) 。
-
-# 致谢
-- 感谢 [HelloGitHub](https://hellogithub.com/) 的推荐与关注。
-- 感谢 [阮一峰的科技爱好者周刊](https://github.com/ruanyf/weekly) 的收录与推荐。
-- 感谢 [LinuxDo](https://linux.do) 社区的关注、交流与支持，为 CrossDesk 项目的完善提供了帮助。
+- **Committers and reviewers（代码提交与审核）：** [kunkundi](https://github.com/kunkundi)
+- **Approvers（签名审批）：** [kunkundi](https://github.com/kunkundi)

README_EN.md

@@ -1,349 +1,217 @@
-# CrossDesk
+<div align="center">
+  <img src="apps/desktop/resources/linux/crossdesk_128x128.png" width="80" alt="CrossDesk logo" />
+  <h1>CrossDesk</h1>
+  <p>A lightweight, cross-platform remote desktop for computers, browsers, and iPhone / iPad.</p>
+  <p><a href="https://www.crossdesk.cn/">Website</a> · <a href="https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/releases">Download</a> · <a href="https://web.crossdesk.cn/">Open Web Client</a> · <a href="README.md">中文</a></p>
+</div>
 
-<a href="https://hellogithub.com/repository/kunkundi/crossdesk" target="_blank"><img src="https://api.hellogithub.com/v1/widgets/recommend.svg?rid=55d41367570345f1838e02fd12be7961&claim_uid=cb0OpZRrBuGVAfL&theme=small" alt="Featured｜HelloGitHub" /></a>
-[![Platform](https://img.shields.io/badge/platform-Windows%20%7C%20Linux%20%7C%20macOS-brightgreen.svg)]()
-[![License: GPL v3](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-GPL%20v3-blue.svg)](https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0)
-[![GitHub last commit](https://img.shields.io/github/last-commit/kunkundi/crossdesk)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/commits/web-client)
-[![Build Status](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/actions/workflows/build.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/actions)  
-[![Docker Pulls](https://img.shields.io/docker/pulls/crossdesk/crossdesk-server)](https://hub.docker.com/r/crossdesk/crossdesk-server/tags)
-[![GitHub issues](https://img.shields.io/github/issues/kunkundi/crossdesk.svg)]()
-[![GitHub stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/kunkundi/crossdesk.svg?style=social)]()
-[![GitHub forks](https://img.shields.io/github/forks/kunkundi/crossdesk.svg?style=social)]()
+<div align="center">
 
-[ [中文](README.md) / English ]
+[![Platforms](https://img.shields.io/badge/platform-Windows%20%7C%20macOS%20%7C%20Linux%20%7C%20iOS-blue)](#download)
+[![Release](https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/kunkundi/crossdesk)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/releases)
+[![Build](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/actions/workflows/build.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/actions/workflows/build.yml)
+[![License: GPL v3](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-GPL--3.0-blue)](LICENSE)
+[![Stars](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/kunkundi/crossdesk?style=social)](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/stargazers)
 
-PC Client
-![sup_example](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3f17d8f3-7c4a-4b63-bae4-903363628687)
+</div>
+
+CrossDesk connects Windows, macOS, and Linux desktops, with browser and native iOS clients for controlling computers. Built on [MiniRTC](https://github.com/kunkundi/minirtc), it supports real-time video and audio, keyboard and mouse control, file transfer, and self-hosting. The project is under active development.
+
+> This guide follows the current repository source. Desktop screenshots render the current Slint UI with sample IDs, passwords, online statuses, and recent devices; thumbnails show public pages. Check each release's notes for the features and requirements of its binaries. Native iOS build and signing instructions are below.
+
+[Preview](#preview) · [Download](#download) · [Quick start](#quick-start) · [Session controls](#session) · [Settings](#settings) · [iOS](#ios) · [Self-hosting](#self-hosting) · [Build](docs/BUILD_EN.md) · [FAQ](docs/FAQ.md#english)
+
+<a id="preview"></a>
+
+## Preview
+
+### Desktop client
+
+The main window brings together your device ID, connection password, remote connection entry, and recent devices.
 
-Web Client
 <p align="center">
-  <img width="850" height="550" alt="6bddcbed47ffd4b9988a4037c7f4f524" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/e44f73f9-24ac-46a3-a189-b7f8b6669881" />
+  <img src="docs/images/desktop-main-en.png" width="800" alt="Current desktop UI example showing a connected server and three online devices with page thumbnails" />
 </p>
 
-# Intro
+### Web client
 
-CrossDesk is a lightweight cross-platform remote desktop software.
+Enter a remote device ID and password in your browser without installing the desktop app on the controlling device.
 
-CrossDesk is an experimental application of [MiniRTC](https://github.com/kunkundi/minirtc.git), a lightweight cross-platform real-time audio and video transmission library. MiniRTC provides fundamental capabilities including network traversal ([RFC5245](https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc5245)), video software/hardware encoding and decoding (H264/AV1), audio encoding/decoding ([Opus](https://github.com/xiph/opus)), signaling interaction, network congestion control, and transmission encryption ([SRTP](https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3711)).
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="docs/images/web-client.png" width="800" alt="Current CrossDesk Web Client connection page in Chinese" />
+</p>
 
-## System Requirements
+See the [screenshot notes](docs/images/README.md) for image sources and refresh instructions.
 
-| Platform | Minimum Version |
-|-----------|-----------------|
-| **Windows** | Windows 10 or later (64-bit) |
-| **macOS** | macOS Intel 15.0 or later *(versions between 14.0 and 15.0 can be built manually for compatibility)*<br>macOS Apple Silicon 14.0 or later |
-| **Linux** | Ubuntu 22.04 or later *(older versions can be built manually for compatibility)* |
+## Features
 
+| Capability | Current support |
+| --- | --- |
+| Cross-platform control | Windows / macOS / Linux desktop control; browser and native iOS controllers |
+| Live video and audio | H.264 / AV1, 30 / 60 fps settings, hardware codec options, and remote audio; availability depends on hardware and build configuration |
+| Devices and displays | Recent connections, device aliases, session tabs, and remote display switching |
+| Input and sharing | Keyboard/mouse input, remote cursor synchronization, shortcuts, text clipboard synchronization, and file transfer |
+| Networking and deployment | Direct P2P connections, TURN relay, an SRTP encryption option, and self-hosted signaling/relay services |
+| Windows protected desktops | CrossDesk Service forwards input on lock screens, sign-in screens, and secure desktops |
 
-## Usage
+Controls and capabilities vary by client. Desktop controls are described below; see the [iOS guide](apps/ios/README.md) for native mobile features.
 
-Enter the remote desktop ID in the menu bar’s “Remote ID” field and click “→” to initiate a remote connection.
+<a id="download"></a>
 
-![usage1](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/3a4bb59f-c84c-44d2-9a20-11790aac510e)
+## Download and install
 
-If the remote desktop requires a connection password, you must enter the correct password on your side to successfully establish the connection.
+Choose a package matching your OS and CPU architecture from [GitHub Releases](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/releases) or the [website](https://www.crossdesk.cn/).
 
-![password](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1beadcce-640d-4f5c-8e77-51917b5294d5)
+| Platform | Current source / CI baseline | Installation |
+| --- | --- | --- |
+| Windows | Windows 10+, x64 | `.exe` installer; portable builds are also supported |
+| macOS | macOS 14.0+, Intel / Apple Silicon | x64 or arm64 `.pkg` |
+| Linux | Ubuntu 20.04+, amd64 / arm64, glibc 2.31 baseline | `.deb` package |
+| iOS / iPadOS | iOS 16.0+, arm64 physical device | Native controller; build and sign with Xcode, or sign the unsigned CI app |
+| Web | A WebRTC-capable browser | Open [web.crossdesk.cn](https://web.crossdesk.cn/) |
 
-Before connecting, you can customize configuration options in the settings, such as language and video encoding format.
+On Linux, replace the example filename with the downloaded package name:
 
-![settings](https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/8bc5468d-7bbb-4e30-95bd-da1f352ac08c)
-
-### Web Client
-
-Visit  [CrossDesk Web Client](https://web.crossdesk.cn/).
-Enter the **Remote Device ID** and **Password**, then click Connect to access the remote device. As shown, **iOS Safari remotely controlling Windows 11**:
-
-<img width="645" height="300" alt="_cgi-bin_mmwebwx-bin_webwxgetmsgimg__ MsgID=932911462648581698 skey=@crypt_1f5153b1_b550ca7462b5009ce03c991cca2a92a7 mmweb_appid=wx_webfilehelper" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/a5109e6f-752c-4654-9f4e-7e161bddf43e" />
-
-### Windows Service (CrossDesk Service)
-CrossDesk provides a local helper service on Windows named **CrossDesk Service**. Its service name is `CrossDeskService`. The service improves remote control in protected Windows states such as the lock screen, sign-in UI, credential UI, and secure desktop. It provides:
-- Remote status reporting for lock screen, sign-in, credential, and secure desktop states.
-- Remote `Ctrl+Alt+Del` (SAS) delivery.
-- Keyboard and mouse input forwarding while the remote Windows device is on the lock screen, sign-in UI, or secure desktop.
-
-The Windows installer bundles `crossdesk_service.exe` and `crossdesk_session_helper.exe`, then registers the service as an on-demand Windows service during installation. When the CrossDesk client starts, it tries to start the installed service automatically. When no CrossDesk client process is running on the machine, the service exits automatically. Uninstalling the client also stops and removes the service.
-
-For manual Windows builds or deployments, make sure `CrossDesk.exe`, `crossdesk_service.exe`, and `crossdesk_session_helper.exe` are placed in the same directory. Open PowerShell with administrator privileges to install or uninstall the service:
+```bash
+sudo apt install "./crossdesk-linux-amd64-<version>.deb"
 ```
-# install
+
+**First launch on macOS:** follow the app prompts to grant **Screen Recording** (called **Screen & System Audio Recording** on newer systems) and **Accessibility** under **System Settings → Privacy & Security**. Reopen the app if prompted. These permissions allow desktop capture and remote keyboard/mouse input respectively.
+
+<a id="quick-start"></a>
+
+## Quick start
+
+### Connect from another computer
+
+1. **Prepare the host.** Install and run CrossDesk on the computer to control. Wait for the bottom status bar to show that the server is connected. Share the **Local ID** and **Password** shown under **Local Desktop** with the controller.
+2. **Enter the remote ID.** On the controlling computer, enter the host's ID in **Remote Desktop → Remote ID**, then click **→**.
+3. **Verify the password.** Enter the host's current connection password when prompted and confirm. Select **Remember password** if you want to save it.
+4. **Reconnect later.** Previously connected devices appear under **Recent Connections**. Reconnect from a card, edit its alias, or remove its record.
+
+The eye button shows or hides the local password; the pencil button changes it. Use **6 ASCII letters or digits** and stay connected to the server while changing it. Wait for the change to succeed and the client to reconnect, then copy the current password. Controllers that saved the old password must enter it again.
+
+### Connect from a browser
+
+1. Keep CrossDesk running and connected to the server on the host computer, with **Enable SRTP** enabled in its Settings.
+2. Open the [Web Client](https://web.crossdesk.cn/), enter the **Remote Device ID** and **Password**, and click **Connect**.
+3. Use the page's display, mouse-mode, and keyboard controls during the session. Phone and tablet browsers can also connect.
+
+For self-hosting, connect both sides to the same service. Browser deployment is documented in [CrossDesk Web Client](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk-web-client).
+
+<a id="session"></a>
+
+## Session controls
+
+Switch devices using session tabs. Expand the control bar if it is collapsed, and hover over icons to see their tooltips.
+
+| Control | Action |
+| --- | --- |
+| Display | Switch the remote monitor |
+| Keyboard | Send shortcuts; Windows `Ctrl+Alt+Del` requires the remote service |
+| Mouse | Enable / release remote mouse control |
+| Speaker | Play / mute remote audio |
+| Folder | Select a file to send and view transfer progress |
+| Network statistics | Inspect traffic, packet loss, frame rate, resolution, and direct / relay mode |
+| Fullscreen | Enter / exit fullscreen |
+| Disconnect | End the current remote session |
+
+Desktop clients synchronize text clipboard contents. Configure the receiving directory under **Settings → File Save Path**. Closing the main window hides it and keeps the app running; use the system tray or menu-bar exit command to quit completely.
+
+<a id="settings"></a>
+
+## Video and connection settings
+
+Open **☰ → Settings** in the top-right corner and click **OK** to save. Configure the session before connecting; some settings are disabled during an active session. Scroll down for self-hosting, startup behavior, and the file save path.
+
+<p align="center">
+  <img src="docs/images/desktop-settings-en.png" width="720" alt="Current settings for quality, frame rate, video preference, codecs, relay, and SRTP" />
+</p>
+
+| Setting | Purpose |
+| --- | --- |
+| Video Quality / Video Capture Frame Rate | Low, medium, or high quality and 30 / 60 fps; actual performance depends on the connection and device |
+| Video Preference | Choose frame-rate priority, quality priority, or balanced adaptation |
+| Video Encode Format | H.264 / AV1; hardware codec availability depends on the platform, device, and build options |
+| Enable TURN Service | Allow relay-assisted connections; check this setting if P2P fails |
+| SRTP | Media encryption option; configurations on both ends must be compatible |
+| Self-Hosted Config | Set the host, signaling port, and TURN port, then enable the checkbox |
+| Auto Start / Enable Daemon | Configure startup and process supervision; restart as indicated by the UI |
+| File Save Path | Choose where received files are saved |
+
+<a id="ios"></a>
+
+## Native iOS / iPadOS client
+
+[`apps/ios`](apps/ios/README.md) contains a native controller using the same MiniRTC protocol as the desktop client. It controls remote computers; it does not expose an iPhone or iPad as a remotely controlled desktop.
+
+1. Follow the [iOS guide](apps/ios/README.md) to build and sign the app with Xcode, then install it on an iOS 16+ physical device.
+2. Enter a remote ID on the home screen, connect, and enter its password. Successful connections become available in the recent devices list.
+3. Choose a mouse mode in Settings: **Relative Position** works like a trackpad; **Absolute Position** maps touches directly to the remote screen.
+4. Tap the floating icon to expand the menu, then switch displays, open the keyboard, toggle audio, or send files. Received files are stored in `Documents/Received` and can be exported using the share button beside the transfer status.
+
+The app currently receives remote text into the iOS clipboard. Its UI does not yet expose a button to send the local clipboard.
+
+Gestures include one-finger click, two-finger right-click, long-press drag, and pinch-to-zoom. When zoomed in, two-finger panning moves the viewport. The native and browser clients are maintained separately, so their controls and gestures may differ. The current native UI uses Chinese labels.
+
+<a id="windows-service"></a>
+
+## Windows lock screens and sign-in
+
+**CrossDesk Service** (`CrossDeskService`) reports protected desktop states and forwards `Ctrl+Alt+Del`, keyboard, and mouse input on lock screens, sign-in screens, credential prompts, and secure desktops.
+
+The installer registers an on-demand service. CrossDesk tries to start it on launch, and the service exits when no local CrossDesk client is running. Portable builds offer service installation in the prompt or **Settings → Lock Screen Service**, with administrator privileges. The service depends on a running client.
+
+<details>
+<summary>Manual deployment and service commands</summary>
+
+Keep the complete installation directory. For manual deployment, place `CrossDesk.exe`, `crossdesk_service.exe`, `crossdesk_session_helper.exe`, and all `.dll` files from the same build together. Open an administrator PowerShell in that directory and run the commands you need:
+
+```powershell
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-install
-# start
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-start
-# check status
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-status
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-ping
-# stop
+# Stop or uninstall the service
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-stop
-# uninstall
 .\CrossDesk.exe --service-uninstall
 ```
 
-If the remote Windows service is not installed, not running, or temporarily unavailable, the basic remote desktop connection still works, but remote control on the lock screen, sign-in UI, and secure desktop is limited. The client will show “Remote Windows service unavailable”.
+</details>
 
-## How to build
+If **Remote Windows service unavailable** appears, check installation and service status on the host. Ordinary desktop connections remain available, while control of protected screens is limited.
 
-Requirements:
-- [xmake](https://xmake.io/#/guide/installation)
-- [cmake](https://cmake.org/download/)
+<a id="self-hosting"></a>
 
-### Linux
+## Self-hosting
 
-Linux builds currently support Ubuntu 22.04 or later on amd64 and arm64. Install the base build dependencies first:
+Host your own signaling and TURN services, then enter their connection details under **☰ → Settings → Self-Hosted Config**. Enable the same server configuration on both the controller and host.
 
-```bash
-sudo apt-get update
-sudo apt-get install -y \
-  git curl unzip build-essential cmake pkg-config binutils dpkg-dev \
-  libx11-dev libxext-dev libxrender-dev libxft-dev libxrandr-dev \
-  libxinerama-dev libxcursor-dev libxi-dev libxfixes-dev libxv-dev \
-  libxtst-dev libxcb-randr0-dev libxcb-xtest0-dev libxcb-xinerama0-dev \
-  libxcb-shape0-dev libxcb-xkb-dev libxcb-xfixes0-dev libxcb-shm0-dev \
-  libasound2-dev libsndio-dev libpulse-dev
-```
+- [Self-hosting guide](docs/SELF_HOSTING_EN.md): current Compose deployment, client settings, certificate trust, and troubleshooting.
+- [CrossDesk Server](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk-server): server source and release configuration.
+- [CrossDesk Web Client](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk-web-client): browser source and deployment instructions.
 
-Install the optional dependencies when Wayland capture or DRM capture is enabled:
+## Development and feedback
 
-```bash
-sudo apt-get install -y libdbus-1-dev libpipewire-0.3-dev libdrm-dev
-```
+- [Build from source](docs/BUILD_EN.md): Windows, macOS, Linux, optional flags, and packaging.
+- [iOS development](apps/ios/README.md): native build and physical-device checks.
+- [GUI architecture](docs/gui-architecture.md): desktop UI and platform organization.
+- [FAQ](docs/FAQ.md#english): connection failures, blank video, received files, and build issues.
+- [Report an issue](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk/issues): include both operating systems, client versions, connection mode, and reproduction steps.
 
-Clone the submodules and build a release binary:
+## Acknowledgements and license
 
-```bash
-git clone --recurse-submodules https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk.git
-cd crossdesk
+Thanks to [HelloGitHub](https://hellogithub.com/), [Ruanyf Weekly](https://github.com/ruanyf/weekly), and the [LinuxDo](https://linux.do) community for featuring CrossDesk and contributing feedback.
 
-# Run this when the repository has already been cloned
-git submodule update --init --recursive
+CrossDesk is licensed under [GPL-3.0](LICENSE). See the [Privacy Policy](PRIVACY.md#english).
 
-xmake f -m release --USE_CUDA=false -y
-xmake b -vy crossdesk
-```
+The Windows packages bundle the unmodified USB Mobile Monitor virtual display driver (usbmmidd_v2) by [Amyuni Technologies](https://www.amyuni.com/) for hosts without a monitor; its license is in `usbmmidd_v2\License.txt` in the install directory.
 
-The amd64 binary is written to `build/linux/x86_64/release/crossdesk`; the arm64 binary is written to `build/linux/arm64/release/crossdesk`.
+### Code signing policy
 
-Example configuration with Wayland and DRM capture enabled:
+CrossDesk uses SignPath.io to sign official Windows releases built from this repository.
 
-```bash
-xmake f -m release --USE_WAYLAND=true --USE_DRM=true --USE_CUDA=false -y
-xmake b -vy crossdesk
-```
+**Free code signing provided by [SignPath.io](https://signpath.io/), certificate by [SignPath Foundation](https://signpath.org/).**
 
-Build a Debian package after compiling a release binary on the matching architecture:
-
-```bash
-# amd64
-./scripts/linux/pkg_amd64.sh 1.0.0
-
-# arm64
-./scripts/linux/pkg_arm64.sh 1.0.0
-```
-
-The package scripts install the shared Slint runtime in the private `/usr/lib/crossdesk` directory, so users do not need to install `libslint_cpp.so` separately.
-
-### Common build options
-
-```text
---USE_CUDA=true/false: Enable CUDA hardware codec acceleration, disabled by default
---USE_WAYLAND=true/false: Enable Wayland/PipeWire capture on Linux, disabled by default
---USE_DRM=true/false: Enable DRM capture on Linux, disabled by default
---CROSSDESK_PORTABLE=true/false: Build the portable variant, disabled by default
---CROSSDESK_VERSION=xxx: Set the CrossDesk version
-
-# Example
-xmake f --CROSSDESK_VERSION=1.0.0 --USE_CUDA=true
-```
-
-Run:
-
-```bash
-xmake r crossdesk
-```
-
-#### Development Without CUDA Environment
-
-For **Linux developers who do not have a CUDA environment installed and want to enable hardware codec feature**, a preconfigured [Ubuntu 22.04 Docker image](https://hub.docker.com/r/crossdesk/ubuntu22.04) is provided.  
-This image comes with all required build dependencies and allows you to build the project directly inside the container without any additional setup.
-
-After entering the container, download the project and run:
-```
-export CUDA_PATH=/usr/local/cuda
-export XMAKE_GLOBALDIR=/data
-
-xmake f --USE_CUDA=true
-xmake b --root -vy crossdesk
-```
-
-For **Windows developers without a CUDA environment** installed, run the following command to install the CUDA build environment:
-```
-xmake require -vy "cuda 12.6.3"
-```
-After the installation is complete, execute:
-```
-xmake require --info "cuda 12.6.3"
-```
-The output will look like this:
-
-<img width="860" height="226" alt="Image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/999ac365-581a-4b9a-806e-05eb3e4cf44d" />
-
-From the output above, locate the CUDA installation directory — this is the path pointed to by installdir.
-Add this path to your system environment variable CUDA_PATH, or set it in the terminal using:
-```
-set CUDA_PATH=path_to_cuda_installdir:
-```
-Then re-run:
-```
-xmake f --USE_CUDA=true
-xmake b -vy crossdesk
-```
-
-#### Notice
-If the client status bar shows **Disconnected** during runtime, please first install the client from the [CrossDesk official website](https://www.crossdesk.cn/) to ensure the required certificate files are available in the environment.
-
-<img width="256" height="120" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/1812f7d6-516b-4b4f-8a3d-98bee505cc5a" />
-
-## About Xmake
-#### Installing Xmake
-
-You can install Xmake using one of the following methods:
-
-Using curl:
-```
-curl -fsSL https://xmake.io/shget.text | bash
-```
-Using wget:
-```
-wget https://xmake.io/shget.text -O - | bash
-```
-Using powershell:
-```
-irm https://xmake.io/psget.text | iex
-```
-
-#### Build Options
-```
-# Switch build mode
-xmake f -m debug/release
-
-# Optional build parameters
--r : Rebuild the target
--v : Show detailed build logs
--y : Automatically confirm prompts
-
-# Example
-xmake b -vy crossdesk
-```
-
-#### Run Options
-```
-# Run in debug mode
-xmake r -d crossdesk
-```
-
-For more information, please refer to the [official Xmake documentation](https://xmake.io/guide/quick-start.html) .
-
-## Self-Hosted Server
-It is recommended to deploy CrossDesk Server using Docker.
-```
-sudo docker run -d \
-  --name crossdesk_server \
-  --network host \
-  -e EXTERNAL_IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx \
-  -e INTERNAL_IP=xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx \
-  -e CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT=xxxx \
-  -e COTURN_PORT=xxxx \
-  -e MIN_PORT=xxxxx \
-  -e MAX_PORT=xxxxx \
-  -v /var/lib/crossdesk:/var/lib/crossdesk \
-  -v /var/log/crossdesk:/var/log/crossdesk \
-  crossdesk/crossdesk-server:v1.1.6
-```
-
-The parameters you need to pay attention to are as follows:
-
-**Parameters**
-- **EXTERNAL_IP**: The server’s public IP. This corresponds to **Server Address** in the CrossDesk client’s **Self-Hosted Server Configuration**.
-- **INTERNAL_IP**: The server’s internal IP.
-- **CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT**: The port used by the self-hosted service. This corresponds to **Server Port** in the CrossDesk client’s **Self-Hosted Server Configuration**.
-- **COTURN_PORT**: The port used by the COTURN service. This corresponds to **Relay Service Port** in the CrossDesk client’s **Self-Hosted Server Configuration**.
-- **MIN_PORT / MAX_PORT**: The port range used by the COTURN service. Example: `MIN_PORT=50000`, `MAX_PORT=60000`. Adjust the range depending on the number of clients.
-- `-v /var/lib/crossdesk:/var/lib/crossdesk`: Persists database and certificate files on the host machine.
-- `-v /var/log/crossdesk:/var/log/crossdesk`: Persists log files on the host machine.
-
-**Example**:
-```bash
-sudo docker run -d \
-  --name crossdesk_server \
-  --network host \
-  -e EXTERNAL_IP=114.114.114.114 \
-  -e INTERNAL_IP=10.0.0.1 \
-  -e CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT=9099 \
-  -e COTURN_PORT=3478 \
-  -e MIN_PORT=50000 \
-  -e MAX_PORT=60000 \
-  -v /var/lib/crossdesk:/var/lib/crossdesk \
-  -v /var/log/crossdesk:/var/log/crossdesk \
-  crossdesk/crossdesk-server:v1.1.6
-```
-
-**Notes**
-- **The server must open the following ports: COTURN_PORT/udp, COTURN_PORT/tcp, MIN_PORT–MAX_PORT/udp, and CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT/tcp.**
-- If you don’t mount volumes, all data will be lost when the container is removed.
-- Certificate files will be automatically generated on first startup and persisted to the host at `/var/lib/crossdesk/certs`.As the default certificates are self-signed and cannot guarantee security, it is strongly recommended to apply for a trusted certificate from a cloud provider, deploy it to this directory, and restart the service.
-- The database file will be automatically created and stored at `/var/lib/crossdesk/db/crossdesk-server.db`.
-- Log files will be created and stored at `/var/log/crossdesk/`.
-
-**Permission Notice**
-If the directories automatically created by Docker belong to root and have insufficient write permissions, the container user may not be able to write to them. This can cause:
-  - Certificate generation failure, leading to startup script errors and container exit.
-  - Database directory creation failure, causing the program to throw exceptions and crash.
-  - Log directory creation failure, preventing logs from being written (though the program may continue running).
-
-**Solution:** Manually set permissions before starting the container:
-```bash
-sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/crossdesk /var/log/crossdesk
-sudo chown -R $(id -u):$(id -g) /var/lib/crossdesk /var/log/crossdesk
-```
-
-### Server Side
-Place **crossdesk.cn.key** and **crossdesk.cn_bundle.crt** into the **/path/to/your/certs** directory.
-
-### Client Side
-1. Click the settings icon in the top-right corner to enter the settings page.<br><br>
-<img width="600" height="210" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6431131d-b32a-4726-8783-6788f47baa3b" /><br>
-
-2. Click `Self-Hosted Server Configuration` button.<br><br>
-<img width="600" height="160" alt="image" src="https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/24c761a3-1985-4d7e-84be-787383c2afb8" /><br>
-
-3. Enter the `Server Address` (**EXTERNAL_IP**), `Signaling Service Port` (**CROSSDESK_SERVER_PORT**), and `Relay Service Port` (**COTURN_PORT**) and click OK button.
-
-4. Check the `Self-hosted server configuration` option and click the OK button to save the settings. If the server is using a valid (official) certificate, the process ends here and the client will show that it is connected to the server.
-
-5. If the default certificate is used (skip this step if an official certificate is used), download the self-signed root certificate `api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt` from the server directory /var/lib/crossdesk/certs/ to the machine running the client, and install the certificate by executing the following command:
-
-On Windows, open PowerShell with **administrator privileges** and execute:
-```
-certutil -addstore "Root" "C:\path\to\api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt"
-```
-Linux
-```
-sudo cp /path/to/api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt /usr/local/share/ca-certificates/api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt
-sudo update-ca-certificates
-```
-macOS
-```
-sudo security add-trusted-cert -d -r trustRoot -k /Library/Keychains/System.keychain path/to/api.crossdesk.cn_root.crt
-```
-
-
-### Web Client
-See [CrossDesk Web Client](https://github.com/kunkundi/crossdesk-web-client)。
-
-# FAQ
-See [FAQ](https://github.com/kunkundi/crosssesk/blob/self-hosted-server/docs/FAQ.md) .
-
-# Acknowledgements
-- Thanks to [HelloGitHub](https://hellogithub.com/) for the recommendation and exposure.
-- Thanks to [Ruanyf Weekly](https://github.com/ruanyf/weekly) for featuring CrossDesk.
-- Thanks to the [LinuxDo](https://linux.do) community for the attention, discussions, and support that helped improve CrossDesk.
+- **Committers and reviewers:** [kunkundi](https://github.com/kunkundi)
+- **Approvers:** [kunkundi](https://github.com/kunkundi)

apps/desktop/resources/windows/crossdesk.rc

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // Application icon resource; load by the resource name IDI_ICON1.
-IDI_ICON1 ICON "..\\..\\icons\\windows\\crossdesk.ico"
+IDI_ICON1 ICON "crossdesk.ico"
 
 #define CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID 1
 #define RT_MANIFEST 24
@@ -9,3 +9,8 @@ CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID RT_MANIFEST "crossdesk_debug.manifest"
 #else
 CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID RT_MANIFEST "crossdesk.manifest"
 #endif
+
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION "CrossDesk"
+#define CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "CrossDesk.exe"
+
+#include "version_info.rcinc"

apps/desktop/resources/windows/crossdesk_portable.rc

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 // Portable build resource. The app itself runs as the current user; service
 // installation raises a separate UAC prompt only when the user chooses it.
-IDI_ICON1 ICON "..\\..\\icons\\windows\\crossdesk.ico"
+IDI_ICON1 ICON "crossdesk.ico"
 
 #define CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID 1
 #define RT_MANIFEST 24
 
 CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID RT_MANIFEST "crossdesk_portable.manifest"
+
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION "CrossDesk Portable"
+#define CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "CrossDesk.exe"
+
+#include "version_info.rcinc"

apps/desktop/resources/windows/crossdesk_privacy_window.rc

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-11
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+IDI_CROSSDESK_LOGO ICON "crossdesk.ico"
+
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION "CrossDesk Privacy Window"
+#define CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "crossdesk_privacy_window.dll"
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_TYPE VFT_DLL
+
+#include "version_info.rcinc"

apps/desktop/resources/windows/crossdesk_service.rc

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION "CrossDesk Service"
+#define CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "crossdesk_service.exe"
+
+#include "version_info.rcinc"

apps/desktop/resources/windows/crossdesk_session_helper.rc

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+// Session helper icon and manifest resources.
+IDI_ICON1 ICON "crossdesk.ico"
+
+#define CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID 1
+#define RT_MANIFEST 24
+
+#ifdef CROSSDESK_PORTABLE
+CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID RT_MANIFEST "crossdesk_portable.manifest"
+#elif defined(CROSSDESK_DEBUG)
+CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID RT_MANIFEST "crossdesk_debug.manifest"
+#else
+CREATEPROCESS_MANIFEST_RESOURCE_ID RT_MANIFEST "crossdesk.manifest"
+#endif
+
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION "CrossDesk Session Helper"
+#define CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "crossdesk_session_helper.exe"
+
+#include "version_info.rcinc"

apps/desktop/resources/windows/usbmmidd_v2/License.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Copyright 2014-2021 Amyuni Technologies Inc.
+https://www.amyuni.com
+
+This software is provided 'as-is', without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software.
+By using this software, you accept to be prompted with an advertisement page which is not always under the control of the author. A fully commercial version is available for users who do not wisth to see those advertisements.
+
+Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose subject to the following restrictions:
+
+1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the original software.
+   If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be required.
+2. Altered versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original software.
+3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any distribution.

apps/desktop/resources/windows/usbmmidd_v2/idd_instructions.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+Procedure to add a virtual monitor to your system (Windows 10 Only!)
+
+- Download our virtual display driver from https://www.amyuni.com/downloads/usbmmidd_v2.zip
+- Unpack the zip file to an empty folder, e.g. c:\temp\usbmmidd
+- Make sure you read the License.txt file as with any other software product
+- Open a command prompt window as Administrator (you cannot add a device to your system unless you "Run As Administrator")
+- Run the following commands:
+	- cd c:\temp\usbmmid (or whatever destination folder you chose)
+	- deviceinstaller64 install usbmmidd.inf usbmmidd (If you are on a 32-bit system, replace "deviceinstaller64" by "deviceinstaller")
+	- Make sure you see the message that the drivers are signed by Amyuni Technologies Inc. This is a confirmation that the drivers went through Microsoft driver signing procedure and are virus free
+	
+- Starting with version 2, the virtual monitor supports the following display resolutions by default:
+
+1024 x 768 pixels
+1360 x 768 pixels
+1440 x 900 pixels
+1600 x 900 pixels
+1600 x 1200 pixels
+1920 x 1080 pixels [Default Resolution]
+1920 x 1200 pixels
+2560 x 1440 pixels
+3840 x 2160 pixels
+
+After the first step above is executed, you can modify the list of supported resolutions by changing the following registry key:
+HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\WUDF\Services\usbmmIdd\Parameters\Monitors
+
+Up to 10 resolutions can be defined through this registry key. The keys should be named from "0" to "9". The (Default) registry value defines the default monitor resolution.
+
+Note that the list of resolutions can also be found in the usbmmidd.inf file that accompanies the printer driver. The inf file should not be modified in any way, otherwise the virtual display driver digital signature is invalidated.
+
+Once you are satisfied with the list of resolutions, you can activate the virtual monitor by running: 
+- deviceinstaller64 enableidd 1
+
+With version 2, rou can run this command multiple times to add up to 4 virtual monitors to your system.
+
+The included batch file usbmmidd.bat runs these commands automatically and selects between the 32- or 64-bit version of deviceinstaller.
+If you are not comfortable opening a command prompt and entering these commands, right-click on usbmmidd.bat and "Run As Administrator."
+
+That's it. You now have a high definition monitor in your Display Settings. You can change the display resolution, position the monitor, extend the desktop or do whatever you do with a real monitor.
+
+To deactivate the virtual monitor, run the command:
+deviceinstaller64 enableidd 0
+If ou have added more than one monitor, you should run this command multiple times to remove all monitors.
+
+to reactivate a virtual monitor:
+deviceinstaller64 enableidd 1
+
+To completely remove the drivers from your system, you can either go through the Device Manager and uninstall "USB Mobile Monitor Virtual Display", or run the commands:
+deviceinstaller64 stop usbmmidd
+deviceinstaller64 remove usbmmid

apps/desktop/resources/windows/usbmmidd_v2/usbmmidd.bat

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+@cd /d "%~dp0"
+
+@goto %PROCESSOR_ARCHITECTURE%
+@exit
+
+:AMD64
+@cmd /c deviceinstaller64.exe install usbmmidd.inf usbmmidd
+@cmd /c deviceinstaller64.exe enableidd 1
+@goto end
+
+:x86
+@cmd /c deviceinstaller.exe install usbmmidd.inf usbmmidd
+@cmd /c deviceinstaller.exe enableidd 1
+
+:end
+@pause

apps/desktop/resources/windows/version_info.rcinc

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+#include <winver.h>
+
+#ifndef CROSSDESK_VERSION_STRING
+#define CROSSDESK_VERSION_STRING "0.0.0"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CROSSDESK_VERSION_NUMERIC
+#define CROSSDESK_VERSION_NUMERIC 0,0,0,0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION "CrossDesk"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME
+#define CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "CrossDesk.exe"
+#endif
+
+#ifndef CROSSDESK_FILE_TYPE
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_TYPE VFT_APP
+#endif
+
+VS_VERSION_INFO VERSIONINFO
+ FILEVERSION CROSSDESK_VERSION_NUMERIC
+ PRODUCTVERSION CROSSDESK_VERSION_NUMERIC
+ FILEFLAGSMASK VS_FFI_FILEFLAGSMASK
+#ifdef CROSSDESK_DEBUG
+ FILEFLAGS VS_FF_DEBUG
+#else
+ FILEFLAGS 0x0L
+#endif
+ FILEOS VOS_NT_WINDOWS32
+ FILETYPE CROSSDESK_FILE_TYPE
+ FILESUBTYPE VFT2_UNKNOWN
+BEGIN
+    BLOCK "StringFileInfo"
+    BEGIN
+        BLOCK "040904B0"
+        BEGIN
+            VALUE "CompanyName", "CrossDesk\0"
+            VALUE "FileDescription", CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION "\0"
+            VALUE "FileVersion", CROSSDESK_VERSION_STRING "\0"
+            VALUE "InternalName", CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "\0"
+            VALUE "LegalCopyright", "Copyright (C) CrossDesk contributors\0"
+            VALUE "OriginalFilename", CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "\0"
+            VALUE "ProductName", "CrossDesk\0"
+            VALUE "ProductVersion", CROSSDESK_VERSION_STRING "\0"
+        END
+    END
+    BLOCK "VarFileInfo"
+    BEGIN
+        VALUE "Translation", 0x0409, 1200
+    END
+END

apps/desktop/resources/windows/wgc_plugin.rc

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_DESCRIPTION "CrossDesk Windows Graphics Capture Plugin"
+#define CROSSDESK_ORIGINAL_FILENAME "wgc_plugin.dll"
+#define CROSSDESK_FILE_TYPE VFT_DLL
+
+#include "version_info.rcinc"

apps/desktop/scripts/linux/package_deb.sh

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 set -euo pipefail
 
+# Keep readelf and ldd output stable for the runtime dependency checks below.
+export LC_ALL=C
+
 if [[ $# -lt 3 || $# -gt 4 ]]; then
     echo "Usage: $0 <debian-arch> <xmake-arch> <version> [extra-recommendation]" >&2
     exit 2
@@ -17,9 +20,10 @@ MAINTAINER="Junkun Di <junkun.di@hotmail.com>"
 DESCRIPTION="A simple cross-platform remote desktop client."
 ALSA_RUNTIME_DEP="libasound2 | libasound2t64"
 PORTAL_RUNTIME_RECOMMENDS="xdg-desktop-portal, xdg-desktop-portal-gtk | xdg-desktop-portal-kde | xdg-desktop-portal-wlr"
+TRAY_RUNTIME_RECOMMENDS="libayatana-appindicator3-1 | libappindicator3-1"
 
 SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
-PROJECT_ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/../.." && pwd)"
+PROJECT_ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/../../../.." && pwd)"
 
 normalize_app_version() {
     local input="$1"
@@ -83,7 +87,7 @@ if [[ ! -x "$BUILD_BINARY" ]]; then
     exit 1
 fi
 
-for command_name in readelf ldd dpkg-deb; do
+for command_name in readelf ldd dpkg-deb strip; do
     if ! command -v "$command_name" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
         echo "Required packaging command is missing: $command_name" >&2
         exit 1
@@ -104,6 +108,15 @@ OUTPUT_FILE="$PROJECT_ROOT/${PKG_NAME}-linux-${DEBIAN_ARCH}-${APP_VERSION}.deb"
 install -d "$DEBIAN_DIR" "$BIN_DIR" "$PRIVATE_DIR" "$DESKTOP_DIR"
 install -m 0755 "$BUILD_BINARY" "$PRIVATE_DIR/crossdesk-bin"
 
+# PipeWire is deliberately optional. The Wayland capturer resolves PipeWire
+# 0.3 with dlopen() so the same package can run on Ubuntu 20.04 without the
+# runtime while using the host runtime on newer Ubuntu releases.
+if readelf -d "$BUILD_BINARY" \
+    | grep -qE 'Shared library: \[libpipewire-0\.3\.so'; then
+    echo "CrossDesk must not link directly to the optional PipeWire runtime" >&2
+    exit 1
+fi
+
 # Slint is intentionally built as a shared library. Keep that runtime private
 # to CrossDesk instead of relying on a non-existent distribution package.
 SLINT_NEEDED="$(readelf -d "$BUILD_BINARY" | sed -n \
@@ -115,6 +128,9 @@ if [[ -n "$SLINT_NEEDED" ]]; then
         exit 1
     fi
     install -m 0755 "$SLINT_LIBRARY" "$PRIVATE_DIR/$SLINT_NEEDED"
+    # Keep dynamic exports/relocations while removing unneeded symbols from the
+    # staged copy. Never strip Xmake's cached runtime in place.
+    strip --strip-unneeded "$PRIVATE_DIR/$SLINT_NEEDED"
 fi
 
 cat > "$BIN_DIR/$PKG_NAME" <<'EOF'
@@ -132,11 +148,11 @@ ln -s "$PKG_NAME" "$BIN_DIR/$APP_NAME"
 
 for size in 16 24 32 48 64 96 128 256; do
     install -d "$ICON_BASE_DIR/${size}x${size}/apps"
-    install -m 0644 "$PROJECT_ROOT/icons/linux/crossdesk_${size}x${size}.png" \
+    install -m 0644 "$PROJECT_ROOT/apps/desktop/resources/linux/crossdesk_${size}x${size}.png" \
         "$ICON_BASE_DIR/${size}x${size}/apps/${PKG_NAME}.png"
 done
 
-RECOMMENDS="$PORTAL_RUNTIME_RECOMMENDS"
+RECOMMENDS="$PORTAL_RUNTIME_RECOMMENDS, $TRAY_RUNTIME_RECOMMENDS"
 if [[ -n "$EXTRA_RECOMMENDATION" ]]; then
     RECOMMENDS="$RECOMMENDS, $EXTRA_RECOMMENDATION"
 fi
@@ -147,11 +163,11 @@ Version: $DEB_VERSION
 Architecture: $DEBIAN_ARCH
 Maintainer: $MAINTAINER
 Description: $DESCRIPTION
-Depends: libc6 (>= 2.35), libstdc++6 (>= 9), libx11-6, libxext6,
- libxrender1, libxft2, libxrandr2, libxfixes3, libxcb1, libxcb-randr0,
+Depends: libc6 (>= 2.31), libstdc++6 (>= 10), libx11-6, libxext6,
+ libxrender1, libxft2, libxrandr2, libxfixes3, libxcursor1, libxi6, libxcb1, libxcb-randr0,
  libxcb-xtest0, libxcb-xinerama0, libxcb-shape0, libxcb-xkb1,
  libxcb-xfixes0, libxv1, libxtst6, $ALSA_RUNTIME_DEP, libsndio7.0,
- libxcb-shm0, libpulse0, libdrm2, libdbus-1-3
+ libxcb-shm0, libpulse0, libdrm2, libdbus-1-3, libgl1
 Recommends: $RECOMMENDS
 Priority: optional
 Section: utils
@@ -159,11 +175,12 @@ EOF
 
 cat > "$DESKTOP_DIR/$PKG_NAME.desktop" <<EOF
 [Desktop Entry]
-Version=$DEB_VERSION
+Version=1.0
 Name=$APP_NAME
 Comment=$DESCRIPTION
 Exec=/usr/bin/$PKG_NAME
 Icon=$PKG_NAME
+StartupWMClass=$PKG_NAME
 Terminal=false
 Type=Application
 Categories=Utility;

apps/desktop/scripts/macos/bundle_app.sh

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ EXPECTED_ARCH="$2"
 APP_EXECUTABLE="$APP_BUNDLE/Contents/MacOS/CrossDesk"
 FRAMEWORKS_DIR="$APP_BUNDLE/Contents/Frameworks"
 
-for command_name in codesign install_name_tool lipo otool; do
+for command_name in codesign install_name_tool lipo otool strip; do
     if ! command -v "$command_name" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
         echo "Required bundling command is missing: $command_name" >&2
         exit 1
@@ -123,7 +123,11 @@ if ! otool -l "$APP_EXECUTABLE" | awk '
     install_name_tool -add_rpath "@executable_path/../Frameworks" "$APP_EXECUTABLE"
 fi
 
-# install_name_tool invalidates the linker's ad-hoc signature. Sign nested code
+# Strip only the staged runtime, retaining exported symbols for Slint's C ABI.
+# The package cache remains intact for debugging and other consumers.
+strip -S -x "$FRAMEWORKS_DIR/$SLINT_NAME"
+
+# install_name_tool and strip invalidate the linker's ad-hoc signature. Sign nested code
 # first, then seal the complete app bundle so local packages remain launchable.
 codesign --force --sign - "$FRAMEWORKS_DIR/$SLINT_NAME"
 codesign --force --deep --sign - "$APP_BUNDLE"

apps/desktop/scripts/macos/pkg_arm64.sh

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 set -euo pipefail
 
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+PROJECT_ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/../../../.." && pwd)"
 APP_NAME="crossdesk"
 APP_NAME_UPPER="CrossDesk"
-EXECUTABLE_PATH="./build/macosx/arm64/release/crossdesk"
+EXECUTABLE_PATH="${PROJECT_ROOT}/build/macosx/arm64/release/crossdesk"
 PLATFORM="macos"
 ARCH="arm64"
 BINARY_ARCH="arm64"
 IDENTIFIER="cn.crossdesk.app"
-ICON_PATH="icons/macos/crossdesk.icns"
+ICON_PATH="${PROJECT_ROOT}/apps/desktop/resources/macos/crossdesk.icns"
 MACOS_MIN_VERSION="14.0"
-SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+cd "$PROJECT_ROOT"
 
 normalize_app_version() {
     local input="$1"
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ find "${APP_BUNDLE}" -name '._*' -delete
 echo ".app created successfully."
 
 mkdir -p build_pkg_scripts
-cp scripts/macosx/tcc_postinstall.sh build_pkg_scripts/postinstall
+cp "${SCRIPT_DIR}/tcc_postinstall.sh" build_pkg_scripts/postinstall
 chmod +x build_pkg_scripts/postinstall
 
 mkdir -p build_pkg_resources

apps/desktop/scripts/macos/pkg_x64.sh

@@ -1,16 +1,19 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 set -euo pipefail
 
+SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+PROJECT_ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/../../../.." && pwd)"
 APP_NAME="crossdesk"
 APP_NAME_UPPER="CrossDesk"
-EXECUTABLE_PATH="build/macosx/x86_64/release/crossdesk"
+EXECUTABLE_PATH="${PROJECT_ROOT}/build/macosx/x86_64/release/crossdesk"
 PLATFORM="macos"
 ARCH="x64"
 BINARY_ARCH="x86_64"
 IDENTIFIER="cn.crossdesk.app"
-ICON_PATH="icons/macos/crossdesk.icns"
+ICON_PATH="${PROJECT_ROOT}/apps/desktop/resources/macos/crossdesk.icns"
 MACOS_MIN_VERSION="14.0"
-SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
+
+cd "$PROJECT_ROOT"
 
 normalize_app_version() {
     local input="$1"
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ find "${APP_BUNDLE}" -name '._*' -delete
 echo ".app created successfully."
 
 mkdir -p build_pkg_scripts
-cp scripts/macosx/tcc_postinstall.sh build_pkg_scripts/postinstall
+cp "${SCRIPT_DIR}/tcc_postinstall.sh" build_pkg_scripts/postinstall
 chmod +x build_pkg_scripts/postinstall
 
 mkdir -p build_pkg_resources

apps/desktop/scripts/macos/verify_app.sh

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env bash
 set -euo pipefail
 
-if [[ $# -ne 2 ]]; then
-    echo "Usage: $0 <app-bundle> <expected-architecture>" >&2
+if [[ $# -lt 2 || $# -gt 3 ]]; then
+    echo "Usage: $0 <app-bundle> <expected-architecture> [expected-sdk-version]" >&2
     exit 2
 fi
 
 APP_BUNDLE="$1"
 EXPECTED_ARCH="$2"
+EXPECTED_SDK_VERSION="${3:-}"
 APP_EXECUTABLE="$APP_BUNDLE/Contents/MacOS/CrossDesk"
 FRAMEWORKS_DIR="$APP_BUNDLE/Contents/Frameworks"
 INFO_PLIST="$APP_BUNDLE/Contents/Info.plist"
@@ -94,6 +95,23 @@ if [[ -z "$BINARY_MIN_VERSION" || "$PLIST_MIN_VERSION" != "$BINARY_MIN_VERSION"
     exit 1
 fi
 
+if [[ -n "$EXPECTED_SDK_VERSION" ]]; then
+    verify_sdk_version() {
+        local macho="$1"
+        local actual_sdk=""
+        actual_sdk="$(otool -l "$macho" | awk '
+            $1 == "cmd" { build_version = ($2 == "LC_BUILD_VERSION"); next }
+            build_version && $1 == "sdk" { print $2; exit }')"
+        if [[ "$actual_sdk" != "$EXPECTED_SDK_VERSION" ]]; then
+            echo "Unexpected macOS SDK in $macho: expected $EXPECTED_SDK_VERSION, got ${actual_sdk:-unknown}" >&2
+            return 1
+        fi
+    }
+
+    verify_sdk_version "$APP_EXECUTABLE"
+    verify_sdk_version "$SLINT_LIBRARY"
+fi
+
 codesign --verify --deep --strict --verbose=2 "$APP_BUNDLE"
 
 echo "Verified $APP_BUNDLE ($EXPECTED_ARCH, macOS $BINARY_MIN_VERSION+)"

apps/desktop/scripts/windows/nsis_script.nsi

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 ; Installer initial constants
 !define PRODUCT_NAME "CrossDesk"
 !define PRODUCT_VERSION "${VERSION}"
+!define PRODUCT_VERSION_NUMERIC "${VERSION_NUMERIC}"
 !define PRODUCT_PUBLISHER "CrossDesk"
 !define PRODUCT_WEB_SITE "https://www.crossdesk.cn/"
 !define APP_NAME "CrossDesk"
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@
 !define PRODUCT_SERVICE_NAME "CrossDeskService"
 
 ; Installer icon path
-!define MUI_ICON "${__FILEDIR__}\..\..\icons\windows\crossdesk.ico"
+!define MUI_ICON "${__FILEDIR__}\..\..\resources\windows\crossdesk.ico"
 
 ; Compression settings
 SetCompressor /FINAL lzma
@@ -41,6 +42,14 @@ RequestExecutionLevel admin
 
 Name "${PRODUCT_NAME} ${PRODUCT_VERSION}"
 OutFile "crossdesk-win-x64-${PRODUCT_VERSION}.exe"
+VIProductVersion "${PRODUCT_VERSION_NUMERIC}"
+VIAddVersionKey /LANG=2052 "CompanyName" "CrossDesk"
+VIAddVersionKey /LANG=2052 "FileDescription" "CrossDesk Installer"
+VIAddVersionKey /LANG=2052 "FileVersion" "${PRODUCT_VERSION}"
+VIAddVersionKey /LANG=2052 "LegalCopyright" "Copyright (C) CrossDesk contributors"
+VIAddVersionKey /LANG=2052 "OriginalFilename" "crossdesk-win-x64-${PRODUCT_VERSION}.exe"
+VIAddVersionKey /LANG=2052 "ProductName" "${PRODUCT_NAME}"
+VIAddVersionKey /LANG=2052 "ProductVersion" "${PRODUCT_VERSION}"
 InstallDir "$PROGRAMFILES\CrossDesk"
 InstallDirRegKey HKCU "Software\${PRODUCT_NAME}" "InstallDir"
 ShowInstDetails show
@@ -75,12 +84,18 @@ installApp:
     SetOverwrite ifnewer
 
     ; Main application executable path
-    File /oname=CrossDesk.exe "..\..\build\windows\x64\release\crossdesk.exe"
+    File /oname=CrossDesk.exe "..\..\..\..\build\windows\x64\release\crossdesk.exe"
     ; Bundle service-side binaries required by the Windows service flow
-    File "..\..\build\windows\x64\release\crossdesk_service.exe"
-    File "..\..\build\windows\x64\release\crossdesk_session_helper.exe"
+    File "..\..\..\..\build\windows\x64\release\crossdesk_service.exe"
+    File "..\..\..\..\build\windows\x64\release\crossdesk_session_helper.exe"
+    File "..\..\..\..\build\windows\x64\release\crossdesk_privacy_cursor_helper.exe"
+    File "..\..\..\..\build\windows\x64\release\crossdesk_privacy_window.dll"
     ; Bundle runtime DLLs from the release output directory
-    File "..\..\build\windows\x64\release\*.dll"
+    File /x crossdesk_privacy_window.dll "..\..\..\..\build\windows\x64\release\*.dll"
+    ; Amyuni usbmmidd_v2 virtual display driver for headless hosts. xmake
+    ; copies apps\desktop\resources\windows\usbmmidd_v2 into the release
+    ; output directory after building crossdesk; its License.txt ships with it.
+    File /r "..\..\..\..\build\windows\x64\release\usbmmidd_v2"
 
     Call RegisterInstalledService
 
@@ -131,13 +146,19 @@ cancelUninstall:
 
 uninstallApp:
     Call un.UnregisterInstalledService
+    Call un.RemoveUsbmmiddDriver
 
     ; Delete main executable and uninstaller
     Delete "$INSTDIR\CrossDesk.exe"
     Delete "$INSTDIR\crossdesk_service.exe"
     Delete "$INSTDIR\crossdesk_session_helper.exe"
+    Delete "$INSTDIR\crossdesk_privacy_cursor_helper.exe"
+    Delete "$INSTDIR\crossdesk_privacy_window.dll"
     Delete "$INSTDIR\uninstall.exe"
 
+    ; Leave the install directory before removing it
+    SetOutPath "$TEMP"
+
     ; Recursively delete installation directory
     RMDir /r "$INSTDIR"
 
@@ -235,3 +256,50 @@ unregister_with_sc:
         Abort
     ${EndIf}
 FunctionEnd
+
+; The session helper (or an elevated CrossDesk) installs the bundled usbmmidd
+; driver on first headless use and records HKLM\SOFTWARE\CrossDesk\
+; UsbmmiddDriverInstalled in the 64-bit registry view. Only a driver CrossDesk
+; installed is removed here; one set up by the user for other software stays.
+; deviceinstaller64.exe resolves usbmmIdd.dll relative to the working
+; directory, so run it from the driver folder. Failures are logged, not fatal:
+; the driver can still be removed from Device Manager.
+Function un.RemoveUsbmmiddDriver
+    IfFileExists "$INSTDIR\usbmmidd_v2\deviceinstaller64.exe" 0 done
+
+    SetRegView 64
+    ClearErrors
+    ReadRegDWORD $0 HKLM "Software\${PRODUCT_NAME}" "UsbmmiddDriverInstalled"
+    ${If} ${Errors}
+    ${OrIf} $0 != 1
+        SetRegView lastused
+        Return
+    ${EndIf}
+
+    DetailPrint "Removing the usbmmidd virtual display driver installed by CrossDesk"
+    SetOutPath "$INSTDIR\usbmmidd_v2"
+    ; Unplug every virtual monitor first (the driver allows up to four).
+    StrCpy $1 0
+unplug_loop:
+    nsExec::ExecToLog '"$INSTDIR\usbmmidd_v2\deviceinstaller64.exe" enableidd 0'
+    Pop $2
+    IntOp $1 $1 + 1
+    ${If} $2 = 0
+    ${AndIf} $1 < 4
+        Goto unplug_loop
+    ${EndIf}
+    nsExec::ExecToLog '"$INSTDIR\usbmmidd_v2\deviceinstaller64.exe" stop usbmmidd'
+    Pop $2
+    nsExec::ExecToLog '"$INSTDIR\usbmmidd_v2\deviceinstaller64.exe" remove usbmmidd'
+    Pop $2
+    ${If} $2 != 0
+        DetailPrint "usbmmidd driver removal returned $2; remove 'USB Mobile Monitor Virtual Display' from Device Manager if it remains"
+    ${EndIf}
+    SetOutPath "$TEMP"
+
+    DeleteRegValue HKLM "Software\${PRODUCT_NAME}" "UsbmmiddDriverInstalled"
+    DeleteRegKey /ifempty HKLM "Software\${PRODUCT_NAME}"
+    SetRegView lastused
+
+done:
+FunctionEnd

apps/desktop/scripts/windows/pkg_x64.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+param(
+  [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+  [string]$Version
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+
+function Normalize-AppVersion {
+  param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+    [string]$InputVersion
+  )
+
+  $prefix = ""
+  $body = $InputVersion
+
+  if ($body.StartsWith("v")) {
+    $prefix = "v"
+    $body = $body.Substring(1)
+  }
+
+  if ($body -match '^([0-9]+(\.[0-9]+){1,3})-([0-9]{8})-([0-9]+)$') {
+    return "${prefix}$($Matches[1])-$($Matches[4])-$($Matches[3])"
+  }
+
+  return $InputVersion
+}
+
+function Convert-To-WindowsVersion {
+  param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
+    [string]$InputVersion
+  )
+
+  $body = $InputVersion -replace '^v', ''
+  $baseMatch = [regex]::Match($body, '^[0-9]+(?:\.[0-9]+){0,3}')
+  if (!$baseMatch.Success) {
+    return "0.0.0.0"
+  }
+
+  $parts = [System.Collections.Generic.List[int]]::new()
+  foreach ($part in $baseMatch.Value.Split('.')) {
+    $value = [int]$part
+    if ($value -gt 65535) {
+      $value = 0
+    }
+    $parts.Add($value)
+  }
+  while ($parts.Count -lt 4) {
+    $parts.Add(0)
+  }
+
+  return ($parts -join '.')
+}
+
+$normalizedVersion = Normalize-AppVersion -InputVersion $Version
+$windowsVersion = Convert-To-WindowsVersion -InputVersion $normalizedVersion
+$scriptDir = Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path
+
+Push-Location $scriptDir
+try {
+  & makensis "/DVERSION=$normalizedVersion" "/DVERSION_NUMERIC=$windowsVersion" "nsis_script.nsi"
+  if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
+    exit $LASTEXITCODE
+  }
+} finally {
+  Pop-Location
+}

apps/desktop/scripts/windows/signpath-installer.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<artifact-configuration xmlns="http://signpath.io/artifact-configuration/v1">
+  <parameters>
+    <parameter name="version" required="true" />
+  </parameters>
+  <pe-file path="crossdesk-win-x64-${version}.exe"
+           product-name="CrossDesk"
+           product-version="${version}"
+           file-version="${version}"
+           company-name="CrossDesk"
+           copyright="Copyright (C) CrossDesk contributors"
+           original-filename="crossdesk-win-x64-${version}.exe">
+    <authenticode-sign />
+  </pe-file>
+</artifact-configuration>

apps/desktop/src/app/daemon.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+#include "daemon.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <thread>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "platform/daemon_backend.h"
+
+namespace {
+
+constexpr int kRestartDelayMs = 1000;
+
+}  // namespace
+
+Daemon::Daemon(const std::string& name) : name_(name), running_(false) {}
+
+void Daemon::stop() {
+  running_.store(false);
+  crossdesk::platform::RequestDaemonStop();
+}
+
+bool Daemon::isRunning() const {
+  return running_.load() && !crossdesk::platform::DaemonStopRequested();
+}
+
+bool Daemon::start(MainLoopFunc loop) {
+  crossdesk::platform::ResetDaemonStop();
+  if (!crossdesk::platform::PrepareDaemon()) return false;
+  running_.store(true);
+  return runWithRestart(std::move(loop));
+}
+
+bool Daemon::runWithRestart(MainLoopFunc loop) {
+  int restart_count = 0;
+  const std::string executable_path =
+      crossdesk::platform::GetDaemonExecutablePath();
+  if (executable_path.empty()) {
+    std::cerr
+        << "Failed to get executable path, falling back to direct execution"
+        << std::endl;
+    while (isRunning()) {
+      try {
+        loop();
+        break;
+      } catch (...) {
+        ++restart_count;
+        std::cerr << "Exception caught, restarting... (attempt "
+                  << restart_count << ")" << std::endl;
+        std::this_thread::sleep_for(
+            std::chrono::milliseconds(kRestartDelayMs));
+      }
+    }
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  while (isRunning()) {
+    const crossdesk::platform::DaemonChildResult result =
+        crossdesk::platform::RunDaemonChild(
+            executable_path, [this] { return isRunning(); });
+    if (!isRunning() || result.normal_exit) break;
+
+    ++restart_count;
+    if (!result.started) {
+      std::cerr << "Failed to create child process";
+    } else if (result.terminated_by_signal) {
+      std::cerr << "Child process crashed with signal " << result.exit_code;
+    } else {
+      std::cerr << "Child process exited with code " << result.exit_code;
+    }
+    std::cerr << ", restarting... (attempt " << restart_count << ")"
+              << std::endl;
+    std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::milliseconds(kRestartDelayMs));
+  }
+  return true;
+}

apps/desktop/src/app/daemon.h

@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 #define _DAEMON_H_
 
 #include <atomic>
-#include <csignal>
 #include <functional>
 #include <string>
 
@@ -28,9 +27,6 @@ class Daemon {
   std::string name_;
   bool runWithRestart(MainLoopFunc loop);
 
-#ifndef _WIN32
-  static volatile std::sig_atomic_t stop_requested_;
-#endif
   std::atomic<bool> running_;
 };
 

apps/desktop/src/app/main.cpp

@@ -15,14 +15,20 @@
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <cstdio>
 
+#include "platform/windows/gui/slint_backend.h"
 #include "service_host.h"
 #endif
 
 #include "config_center.h"
 #include "daemon.h"
 #include "path_manager.h"
+#include "rd_log.h"
 #include "render.h"
 
+#ifdef __linux__
+#include "platform/linux/privacy/privacy_guard.h"
+#endif
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
 namespace {
 
@@ -174,6 +180,26 @@ int HandleServiceCliCommand(const std::string& command) {
 #endif
 
 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
+#ifdef __linux__
+  // Run before GUI, configuration, logging or daemon initialization. The
+  // guard owns native privacy resources and restores them if this app exits.
+  if (argc == 2 &&
+      std::strcmp(argv[1], crossdesk::kLinuxPrivacyGuardArgument) == 0) {
+    return crossdesk::RunLinuxPrivacyGuard();
+  }
+#endif
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  if (argc == 2 &&
+      std::strcmp(argv[1], crossdesk::kSlintRendererProbeArgument) == 0) {
+    return crossdesk::RunSlintRendererProbe();
+  }
+#endif
+
+  // Service operations and config migration can log before the GUI starts.
+  // Configure the directory first, including CLI and daemon child paths.
+  auto path_manager = std::make_unique<crossdesk::PathManager>("CrossDesk");
+  crossdesk::InitLogger(path_manager->GetLogPath().string());
+
 #ifdef _WIN32
   if (argc > 1 && IsServiceCliCommand(argv[1])) {
     return HandleServiceCliCommand(argv[1]);
@@ -201,7 +227,6 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
 #endif
 
   bool enable_daemon = false;
-  auto path_manager = std::make_unique<crossdesk::PathManager>("CrossDesk");
   if (path_manager) {
     std::string cache_path = path_manager->GetCachePath().string();
     crossdesk::ConfigCenter config_center(cache_path + "/config.ini");
@@ -228,4 +253,4 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
   crossdesk::Render render;
   render.Run();
   return 0;
-}
+}

apps/desktop/src/autostart/autostart.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#include "autostart.h"
+
+#include "platform/autostart_backend.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+bool EnableAutostart(const std::string& app_name) {
+  const std::string executable_path = platform::GetAutostartExecutablePath();
+  return !executable_path.empty() &&
+         platform::EnableAutostart(app_name, executable_path);
+}
+
+bool DisableAutostart(const std::string& app_name) {
+  return platform::DisableAutostart(app_name);
+}
+
+bool IsAutostartEnabled(const std::string& app_name) {
+  return platform::IsAutostartEnabled(app_name);
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/common/nv12_scaler.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+#include "nv12_scaler.h"
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <limits>
+
+#include "libyuv/planar_functions.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+int ScaleNv12ViaI420(const uint8_t* src_y, int src_stride_y,
+                     const uint8_t* src_uv, int src_stride_uv, int src_width,
+                     int src_height, uint8_t* dst_y, int dst_stride_y,
+                     uint8_t* dst_uv, int dst_stride_uv, int dst_width,
+                     int dst_height, libyuv::FilterMode filtering,
+                     std::vector<uint8_t>* scratch_buffer) {
+  if (!src_y || !src_uv || !dst_y || !dst_uv || !scratch_buffer ||
+      src_width <= 0 || src_height <= 0 || dst_width <= 0 || dst_height <= 0 ||
+      (src_width & 1) != 0 || (src_height & 1) != 0 || (dst_width & 1) != 0 ||
+      (dst_height & 1) != 0) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  const int src_chroma_width = src_width / 2;
+  const int src_chroma_height = src_height / 2;
+  const int dst_chroma_width = dst_width / 2;
+  const int dst_chroma_height = dst_height / 2;
+  const size_t src_chroma_size =
+      static_cast<size_t>(src_chroma_width) * src_chroma_height;
+  const size_t dst_chroma_size =
+      static_cast<size_t>(dst_chroma_width) * dst_chroma_height;
+  const size_t max_size = std::numeric_limits<size_t>::max();
+  if (src_chroma_size > max_size / 2 || dst_chroma_size > max_size / 2) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  const size_t src_planes_size = 2 * src_chroma_size;
+  const size_t dst_planes_size = 2 * dst_chroma_size;
+  if (src_planes_size > max_size - dst_planes_size) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+  scratch_buffer->resize(src_planes_size + dst_planes_size);
+  uint8_t* src_u = scratch_buffer->data();
+  uint8_t* src_v = src_u + src_chroma_size;
+  uint8_t* dst_u = src_v + src_chroma_size;
+  uint8_t* dst_v = dst_u + dst_chroma_size;
+
+  libyuv::SplitUVPlane(src_uv, src_stride_uv, src_u, src_chroma_width, src_v,
+                       src_chroma_width, src_chroma_width, src_chroma_height);
+  const int result = libyuv::I420Scale(
+      src_y, src_stride_y, src_u, src_chroma_width, src_v, src_chroma_width,
+      src_width, src_height, dst_y, dst_stride_y, dst_u, dst_chroma_width,
+      dst_v, dst_chroma_width, dst_width, dst_height, filtering);
+  if (result != 0) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  libyuv::MergeUVPlane(dst_u, dst_chroma_width, dst_v, dst_chroma_width, dst_uv,
+                       dst_stride_uv, dst_chroma_width, dst_chroma_height);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/common/nv12_scaler.h

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#ifndef CROSSDESK_COMMON_NV12_SCALER_H_
+#define CROSSDESK_COMMON_NV12_SCALER_H_
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "libyuv/scale.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+// Scales NV12 by separating the interleaved chroma plane before filtering.
+// This avoids the downward chroma rounding bias in libyuv::NV12Scale while
+// preserving the requested filtering quality.
+int ScaleNv12ViaI420(const uint8_t* src_y, int src_stride_y,
+                     const uint8_t* src_uv, int src_stride_uv, int src_width,
+                     int src_height, uint8_t* dst_y, int dst_stride_y,
+                     uint8_t* dst_uv, int dst_stride_uv, int dst_width,
+                     int dst_height, libyuv::FilterMode filtering,
+                     std::vector<uint8_t>* scratch_buffer);
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif  // CROSSDESK_COMMON_NV12_SCALER_H_

apps/desktop/src/common/platform.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #ifndef _PLATFORM_H_
 #define _PLATFORM_H_
 
-#include <iostream>
+#include <string>
 
 namespace crossdesk {
 

apps/desktop/src/common/shared_cursor_state.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#include "shared_cursor_state.h"
+
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include <mutex>
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+namespace {
+
+std::mutex g_cursor_state_mutex;
+SharedCursorState g_cursor_state;
+bool g_cursor_state_available = false;
+
+}  // namespace
+
+void PublishSharedCursorState(bool visible, RemoteCursorShape shape) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(g_cursor_state_mutex);
+  ++g_cursor_state.generation;
+  g_cursor_state.visible = visible;
+  g_cursor_state.shape = visible ? shape : RemoteCursorShape::none;
+  g_cursor_state_available = true;
+}
+
+bool GetSharedCursorState(SharedCursorState* state) {
+  if (!state) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(g_cursor_state_mutex);
+  if (!g_cursor_state_available) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  *state = g_cursor_state;
+  return true;
+}
+
+void ClearSharedCursorState() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(g_cursor_state_mutex);
+  ++g_cursor_state.generation;
+  g_cursor_state.visible = false;
+  g_cursor_state.shape = RemoteCursorShape::none;
+  g_cursor_state_available = false;
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/common/shared_cursor_state.h

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#ifndef CROSSDESK_COMMON_SHARED_CURSOR_STATE_H_
+#define CROSSDESK_COMMON_SHARED_CURSOR_STATE_H_
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+#include <remote_cursor_shape.h>
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+struct SharedCursorState {
+  uint64_t generation = 0;
+  bool visible = false;
+  RemoteCursorShape shape = RemoteCursorShape::default_cursor;
+};
+
+void PublishSharedCursorState(bool visible, RemoteCursorShape shape);
+bool GetSharedCursorState(SharedCursorState* state);
+void ClearSharedCursorState();
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif  // CROSSDESK_COMMON_SHARED_CURSOR_STATE_H_

apps/desktop/src/common/task_queue_lock_free.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+#include "task_queue_lock_free.h"
+
+#include <exception>
+#include <new>
+#include <stdexcept>
+#include <utility>
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+TaskQueueLockFree::TaskQueueLockFree()
+    : producer_(task_queue_), worker_([this] { WorkerThread(); }) {}
+
+TaskQueueLockFree::~TaskQueueLockFree() { Stop(); }
+
+std::future<void> TaskQueueLockFree::PostTask(std::function<void()> task) {
+  TaskItem item;
+  item.run = std::move(task);
+  auto result = item.completion.get_future();
+  {
+    std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
+    if (stopping_) {
+      throw std::runtime_error("Cannot post to a stopped task queue");
+    }
+
+    // Count before publishing: the worker may dequeue as soon as enqueue returns.
+    ++pending_tasks_;
+    if (!task_queue_.enqueue(producer_, std::move(item))) {
+      --pending_tasks_;
+      throw std::bad_alloc();
+    }
+  }
+  wake_.notify_one();
+  return result;
+}
+
+void TaskQueueLockFree::Stop() {
+  // Concurrent Stop callers all wait for the same worker shutdown to finish.
+  std::call_once(stop_once_, [this] {
+    {
+      std::lock_guard lock(mutex_);
+      stopping_ = true;
+    }
+    wake_.notify_all();
+    worker_.join();
+  });
+}
+
+void TaskQueueLockFree::WorkerThread() {
+  while (true) {
+    TaskItem item;
+    while (task_queue_.try_dequeue(item)) {
+      --pending_tasks_;
+
+      std::exception_ptr error;
+      try {
+        item.run();
+      } catch (...) {
+        error = std::current_exception();
+      }
+
+      // Release captured resources before marking the task complete.
+      item.run = nullptr;
+      if (error) {
+        item.completion.set_exception(error);
+      } else {
+        item.completion.set_value();
+      }
+    }
+
+    std::unique_lock lock(mutex_);
+    wake_.wait(lock, [this] { return stopping_ || pending_tasks_ > 0; });
+    // A stop request must not discard tasks submitted while the worker was idle.
+    if (stopping_ && pending_tasks_ == 0) {
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/common/task_queue_lock_free.h

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-07
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _TASK_QUEUE_LOCK_FREE_H_
+#define _TASK_QUEUE_LOCK_FREE_H_
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <functional>
+#include <future>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <thread>
+
+#include <concurrentqueue.h>
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+// A single worker executes tasks in submission order. The concurrent queue
+// stores tasks; a mutex coordinates submissions, worker wakeups and shutdown.
+class TaskQueueLockFree {
+ public:
+  TaskQueueLockFree();
+  ~TaskQueueLockFree();
+
+  // Returns completion or the task's exception. Throws if the queue is stopped.
+  std::future<void> PostTask(std::function<void()> task);
+
+  // Rejects new tasks, finishes accepted tasks and joins the worker.
+  // May be called repeatedly, but never from the queue's own tasks.
+  void Stop();
+
+ private:
+  struct TaskItem {
+    std::function<void()> run;
+    std::promise<void> completion;
+  };
+
+  void WorkerThread();
+
+  moodycamel::ConcurrentQueue<TaskItem> task_queue_;
+  // All submissions share one producer so different caller threads keep FIFO.
+  moodycamel::ProducerToken producer_;
+  std::atomic<std::size_t> pending_tasks_{0};
+  std::mutex mutex_;
+  std::condition_variable wake_;
+  bool stopping_ = false;
+  std::once_flag stop_once_;
+  std::thread worker_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/config_center/config_center.cpp

@@ -12,6 +12,12 @@ bool IsValidTurnModeValue(long value) {
          value <= static_cast<long>(ConfigCenter::TURN_MODE::FORCE_TCP);
 }
 
+bool IsValidVideoAdaptationPolicyValue(long value) {
+  using Policy = ConfigCenter::VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY;
+  return value >= static_cast<long>(Policy::FRAME_RATE_PRIORITY) &&
+         value <= static_cast<long>(Policy::BALANCED);
+}
+
 }  // namespace
 
 ConfigCenter::ConfigCenter(const std::string& config_path)
@@ -29,7 +35,13 @@ int ConfigCenter::Load() {
     return -1;
   }
 
-  bool persist_turn_mode_migration = false;
+  bool persist_config_migration = false;
+  persist_config_migration |= ini_.Delete(section_, "video_content_type");
+  persist_config_migration |= ini_.Delete(section_, "screen_content");
+  persist_config_migration |=
+      ini_.Delete(section_, "enable_desktop_quality_optimization");
+  persist_config_migration |=
+      ini_.Delete(section_, "enable_minimize_to_tray");
 
   const long language_value =
       ini_.GetLongValue(section_, "language", static_cast<long>(language_));
@@ -46,13 +58,32 @@ int ConfigCenter::Load() {
   video_frame_rate_ = static_cast<VIDEO_FRAME_RATE>(ini_.GetLongValue(
       section_, "video_frame_rate", static_cast<long>(video_frame_rate_)));
 
+  const long screen_capture_method_value = ini_.GetLongValue(
+      section_, "screen_capture_method",
+      static_cast<long>(ScreenCaptureMethod::Auto));
+  screen_capture_method_ = IsValidScreenCaptureMethod(screen_capture_method_value)
+                               ? static_cast<ScreenCaptureMethod>(
+                                     screen_capture_method_value)
+                               : ScreenCaptureMethod::Auto;
+
+  const long video_adaptation_policy_value = ini_.GetLongValue(
+      section_, "video_adaptation_policy",
+      static_cast<long>(video_adaptation_policy_));
+  if (IsValidVideoAdaptationPolicyValue(video_adaptation_policy_value)) {
+    video_adaptation_policy_ =
+        static_cast<VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY>(video_adaptation_policy_value);
+  } else {
+    LOG_WARN("Invalid video adaptation policy [{}], using quality priority",
+             video_adaptation_policy_value);
+    video_adaptation_policy_ = VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY::QUALITY_PRIORITY;
+  }
+
   video_encode_format_ = static_cast<VIDEO_ENCODE_FORMAT>(
       ini_.GetLongValue(section_, "video_encode_format",
                         static_cast<long>(video_encode_format_)));
 
   hardware_video_codec_ = ini_.GetBoolValue(section_, "hardware_video_codec",
                                             hardware_video_codec_);
-
   const char* turn_mode_value = ini_.GetValue(section_, "turn_mode", nullptr);
   if (turn_mode_value != nullptr && strlen(turn_mode_value) > 0) {
     const long parsed_turn_mode = ini_.GetLongValue(
@@ -70,9 +101,14 @@ int ConfigCenter::Load() {
     turn_mode_ = legacy_enable_turn ? TURN_MODE::AUTO_UDP_TCP
                                     : TURN_MODE::DISABLED;
     ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "turn_mode", static_cast<long>(turn_mode_));
-    persist_turn_mode_migration = true;
+    persist_config_migration = true;
+  }
+  // Migrate the former user switch. Keep true in the file for older builds,
+  // while the current application always requests encrypted native media.
+  if (!ini_.GetBoolValue(section_, "enable_srtp", false)) {
+    ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_srtp", true);
+    persist_config_migration = true;
   }
-  enable_srtp_ = ini_.GetBoolValue(section_, "enable_srtp", enable_srtp_);
   enable_self_hosted_ =
       ini_.GetBoolValue(section_, "enable_self_hosted", enable_self_hosted_);
 
@@ -93,21 +129,11 @@ int ConfigCenter::Load() {
   } else {
     signal_server_port_ = 0;
   }
-  const char* coturn_server_port_value =
-      ini_.GetValue(section_, "coturn_server_port", nullptr);
-  if (coturn_server_port_value != nullptr &&
-      strlen(coturn_server_port_value) > 0) {
-    coturn_server_port_ =
-        static_cast<int>(ini_.GetLongValue(section_, "coturn_server_port", 0));
-  } else {
-    coturn_server_port_ = 0;
-  }
-
   enable_autostart_ =
       ini_.GetBoolValue(section_, "enable_autostart", enable_autostart_);
   enable_daemon_ = ini_.GetBoolValue(section_, "enable_daemon", enable_daemon_);
-  enable_minimize_to_tray_ = ini_.GetBoolValue(
-      section_, "enable_minimize_to_tray", enable_minimize_to_tray_);
+  enable_privacy_screen_.store(
+      ini_.GetBoolValue(section_, "enable_privacy_screen", true));
   portable_service_prompt_suppressed_ =
       ini_.GetBoolValue(section_, "portable_service_prompt_suppressed",
                         portable_service_prompt_suppressed_);
@@ -121,8 +147,7 @@ int ConfigCenter::Load() {
     file_transfer_save_path_ = "";
   }
 
-  if (persist_turn_mode_migration &&
-      ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str()) < 0) {
+  if (persist_config_migration && ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str()) < 0) {
     return -1;
   }
 
@@ -135,13 +160,17 @@ int ConfigCenter::Save() {
                     static_cast<long>(video_quality_));
   ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "video_frame_rate",
                     static_cast<long>(video_frame_rate_));
+  ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "screen_capture_method",
+                    static_cast<long>(screen_capture_method_));
+  ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "video_adaptation_policy",
+                    static_cast<long>(video_adaptation_policy_));
   ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "video_encode_format",
                     static_cast<long>(video_encode_format_));
   ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "hardware_video_codec", hardware_video_codec_);
   ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "turn_mode", static_cast<long>(turn_mode_));
   ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_turn",
                     turn_mode_ != TURN_MODE::DISABLED);
-  ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_srtp", enable_srtp_);
+  ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_srtp", true);
   ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_self_hosted", enable_self_hosted_);
 
   // only save when self hosted
@@ -149,14 +178,12 @@ int ConfigCenter::Save() {
     ini_.SetValue(section_, "signal_server_host", signal_server_host_.c_str());
     ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "signal_server_port",
                       static_cast<long>(signal_server_port_));
-    ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "coturn_server_port",
-                      static_cast<long>(coturn_server_port_));
   }
 
   ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_autostart", enable_autostart_);
   ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_daemon", enable_daemon_);
-  ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_minimize_to_tray",
-                    enable_minimize_to_tray_);
+  ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_privacy_screen",
+                    enable_privacy_screen_.load());
   ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "portable_service_prompt_suppressed",
                     portable_service_prompt_suppressed_);
 
@@ -205,6 +232,32 @@ int ConfigCenter::SetVideoFrameRate(VIDEO_FRAME_RATE video_frame_rate) {
   return 0;
 }
 
+int ConfigCenter::SetScreenCaptureMethod(ScreenCaptureMethod method) {
+  if (!IsValidScreenCaptureMethod(static_cast<long>(method))) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+  ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "screen_capture_method", static_cast<long>(method));
+  if (ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str()) < 0) {
+    ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "screen_capture_method",
+                      static_cast<long>(screen_capture_method_));
+    return -1;
+  }
+  screen_capture_method_ = method;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int ConfigCenter::SetVideoAdaptationPolicy(
+    VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY policy) {
+  video_adaptation_policy_ = policy;
+  ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "video_adaptation_policy",
+                    static_cast<long>(video_adaptation_policy_));
+  SI_Error rc = ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str());
+  if (rc < 0) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
 int ConfigCenter::SetVideoEncodeFormat(
     VIDEO_ENCODE_FORMAT video_encode_format) {
   video_encode_format_ = video_encode_format;
@@ -243,24 +296,16 @@ int ConfigCenter::SetTurnMode(TURN_MODE turn_mode) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-int ConfigCenter::SetTurn(bool enable_turn) {
+int ConfigCenter::SetTurn(bool enable_turn, bool force_relay) {
   if (!enable_turn) {
     return SetTurnMode(TURN_MODE::DISABLED);
   }
-  if (turn_mode_ == TURN_MODE::DISABLED) {
+  if (!force_relay) {
     return SetTurnMode(TURN_MODE::AUTO_UDP_TCP);
   }
-  return SetTurnMode(turn_mode_);
-}
-
-int ConfigCenter::SetSrtp(bool enable_srtp) {
-  enable_srtp_ = enable_srtp;
-  ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_srtp", enable_srtp_);
-  SI_Error rc = ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str());
-  if (rc < 0) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-  return 0;
+  // Use TURN/UDP by default, preserving an explicitly configured TCP relay.
+  return SetTurnMode(turn_mode_ == TURN_MODE::FORCE_TCP ? TURN_MODE::FORCE_TCP
+                                                     : TURN_MODE::FORCE_UDP);
 }
 
 int ConfigCenter::SetServerHost(const std::string& signal_server_host) {
@@ -284,17 +329,6 @@ int ConfigCenter::SetServerPort(int signal_server_port) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-int ConfigCenter::SetCoturnServerPort(int coturn_server_port) {
-  coturn_server_port_ = coturn_server_port;
-  ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "coturn_server_port",
-                    static_cast<long>(coturn_server_port_));
-  SI_Error rc = ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str());
-  if (rc < 0) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
-
 int ConfigCenter::SetSelfHosted(bool enable_self_hosted) {
   enable_self_hosted_ = enable_self_hosted;
   ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_self_hosted", enable_self_hosted_);
@@ -314,19 +348,9 @@ int ConfigCenter::SetSelfHosted(bool enable_self_hosted) {
       signal_server_port_ = static_cast<int>(
           ini_.GetLongValue(section_, "signal_server_port", 0));
     }
-    const char* coturn_server_port_value =
-        ini_.GetValue(section_, "coturn_server_port", nullptr);
-    if (coturn_server_port_value != nullptr &&
-        strlen(coturn_server_port_value) > 0) {
-      coturn_server_port_ = static_cast<int>(
-          ini_.GetLongValue(section_, "coturn_server_port", 0));
-    }
-
     ini_.SetValue(section_, "signal_server_host", signal_server_host_.c_str());
     ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "signal_server_port",
                       static_cast<long>(signal_server_port_));
-    ini_.SetLongValue(section_, "coturn_server_port",
-                      static_cast<long>(coturn_server_port_));
   }
 
   SI_Error rc = ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str());
@@ -336,17 +360,6 @@ int ConfigCenter::SetSelfHosted(bool enable_self_hosted) {
   return 0;
 }
 
-int ConfigCenter::SetMinimizeToTray(bool enable_minimize_to_tray) {
-  enable_minimize_to_tray_ = enable_minimize_to_tray;
-  ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_minimize_to_tray",
-                    enable_minimize_to_tray_);
-  SI_Error rc = ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str());
-  if (rc < 0) {
-    return -1;
-  }
-  return 0;
-}
-
 int ConfigCenter::SetAutostart(bool enable_autostart) {
   enable_autostart_ = enable_autostart;
   bool success = false;
@@ -382,6 +395,21 @@ int ConfigCenter::SetDaemon(bool enable_daemon) {
   return 0;
 }
 
+int ConfigCenter::SetPrivacyScreen(bool enable_privacy_screen) {
+  const bool previous = enable_privacy_screen_.load();
+  if (previous == enable_privacy_screen) return 0;
+  ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_privacy_screen", enable_privacy_screen);
+  if (ini_.SaveFile(config_path_.c_str()) < 0) {
+    ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "enable_privacy_screen", previous);
+    LOG_ERROR("Failed to save automatic privacy screen preference");
+    return -1;
+  }
+  // RTC callbacks read only the value committed by the settings thread.
+  enable_privacy_screen_.store(enable_privacy_screen);
+  LOG_INFO("Privacy screen on incoming connection: {}", enable_privacy_screen);
+  return 0;
+}
+
 int ConfigCenter::SetPortableServicePromptSuppressed(bool suppressed) {
   portable_service_prompt_suppressed_ = suppressed;
   ini_.SetBoolValue(section_, "portable_service_prompt_suppressed",
@@ -406,12 +434,31 @@ ConfigCenter::VIDEO_FRAME_RATE ConfigCenter::GetVideoFrameRate() const {
   return video_frame_rate_;
 }
 
+ScreenCaptureMethod ConfigCenter::GetScreenCaptureMethod() const {
+  return screen_capture_method_;
+}
+
+ConfigCenter::VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY
+ConfigCenter::GetVideoAdaptationPolicy() const {
+  return video_adaptation_policy_;
+}
+
 ConfigCenter::VIDEO_ENCODE_FORMAT ConfigCenter::GetVideoEncodeFormat() const {
   return video_encode_format_;
 }
 
+bool ConfigCenter::IsHardwareVideoCodecAvailable() {
+#if (((defined(_WIN32) || defined(__linux__)) && !defined(__aarch64__) && \
+      !defined(__arm__) && USE_CUDA) ||                                   \
+     defined(__APPLE__))
+  return true;
+#else
+  return false;
+#endif
+}
+
 bool ConfigCenter::IsHardwareVideoCodec() const {
-  return hardware_video_codec_;
+  return IsHardwareVideoCodecAvailable() && hardware_video_codec_;
 }
 
 ConfigCenter::TURN_MODE ConfigCenter::GetTurnMode() const {
@@ -422,7 +469,11 @@ bool ConfigCenter::IsEnableTurn() const {
   return turn_mode_ != TURN_MODE::DISABLED;
 }
 
-bool ConfigCenter::IsEnableSrtp() const { return enable_srtp_; }
+bool ConfigCenter::IsForceRelay() const {
+  return turn_mode_ == TURN_MODE::FORCE_UDP || turn_mode_ == TURN_MODE::FORCE_TCP;
+}
+
+bool ConfigCenter::IsEnableSrtp() const { return true; }
 
 std::string ConfigCenter::GetSignalServerHost() const {
   return signal_server_host_;
@@ -430,8 +481,6 @@ std::string ConfigCenter::GetSignalServerHost() const {
 
 int ConfigCenter::GetSignalServerPort() const { return signal_server_port_; }
 
-int ConfigCenter::GetCoturnServerPort() const { return coturn_server_port_; }
-
 std::string ConfigCenter::GetDefaultServerHost() const {
   return signal_server_host_default_;
 }
@@ -440,18 +489,16 @@ int ConfigCenter::GetDefaultSignalServerPort() const {
   return server_port_default_;
 }
 
-int ConfigCenter::GetDefaultCoturnServerPort() const {
-  return coturn_server_port_default_;
-}
-
 bool ConfigCenter::IsSelfHosted() const { return enable_self_hosted_; }
 
-bool ConfigCenter::IsMinimizeToTray() const { return enable_minimize_to_tray_; }
-
 bool ConfigCenter::IsEnableAutostart() const { return enable_autostart_; }
 
 bool ConfigCenter::IsEnableDaemon() const { return enable_daemon_; }
 
+bool ConfigCenter::IsEnablePrivacyScreen() const {
+  return enable_privacy_screen_.load();
+}
+
 bool ConfigCenter::IsPortableServicePromptSuppressed() const {
   return portable_service_prompt_suppressed_;
 }

apps/desktop/src/config_center/config_center.h

@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@
 #ifndef _CONFIG_CENTER_H_
 #define _CONFIG_CENTER_H_
 
+#include <atomic>
 #include <string>
 
 #include "SimpleIni.h"
+#include "screen_capturer/screen_capture_method.h"
 
 namespace crossdesk {
 
@@ -18,6 +20,11 @@ class ConfigCenter {
   enum class LANGUAGE { CHINESE = 0, ENGLISH = 1, RUSSIAN = 2 };
   enum class VIDEO_QUALITY { LOW = 0, MEDIUM = 1, HIGH = 2 };
   enum class VIDEO_FRAME_RATE { FPS_30 = 0, FPS_60 = 1 };
+  enum class VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY {
+    FRAME_RATE_PRIORITY = 0,
+    QUALITY_PRIORITY = 1,
+    BALANCED = 2
+  };
   enum class VIDEO_ENCODE_FORMAT { H264 = 0, AV1 = 1 };
   enum class TURN_MODE {
     DISABLED = 0,
@@ -34,18 +41,18 @@ class ConfigCenter {
   int SetLanguage(LANGUAGE language);
   int SetVideoQuality(VIDEO_QUALITY video_quality);
   int SetVideoFrameRate(VIDEO_FRAME_RATE video_frame_rate);
+  int SetScreenCaptureMethod(ScreenCaptureMethod method);
+  int SetVideoAdaptationPolicy(VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY policy);
   int SetVideoEncodeFormat(VIDEO_ENCODE_FORMAT video_encode_format);
   int SetHardwareVideoCodec(bool hardware_video_codec);
   int SetTurnMode(TURN_MODE turn_mode);
-  int SetTurn(bool enable_turn);
-  int SetSrtp(bool enable_srtp);
+  int SetTurn(bool enable_turn, bool force_relay);
   int SetServerHost(const std::string& signal_server_host);
   int SetServerPort(int signal_server_port);
-  int SetCoturnServerPort(int coturn_server_port);
   int SetSelfHosted(bool enable_self_hosted);
-  int SetMinimizeToTray(bool enable_minimize_to_tray);
   int SetAutostart(bool enable_autostart);
   int SetDaemon(bool enable_daemon);
+  int SetPrivacyScreen(bool enable_privacy_screen);
   int SetPortableServicePromptSuppressed(bool suppressed);
   int SetFileTransferSavePath(const std::string& path);
 
@@ -54,21 +61,24 @@ class ConfigCenter {
   LANGUAGE GetLanguage() const;
   VIDEO_QUALITY GetVideoQuality() const;
   VIDEO_FRAME_RATE GetVideoFrameRate() const;
+  ScreenCaptureMethod GetScreenCaptureMethod() const;
+  VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY GetVideoAdaptationPolicy() const;
   VIDEO_ENCODE_FORMAT GetVideoEncodeFormat() const;
+  // Whether this build includes a hardware video codec backend.
+  static bool IsHardwareVideoCodecAvailable();
   bool IsHardwareVideoCodec() const;
   TURN_MODE GetTurnMode() const;
   bool IsEnableTurn() const;
+  bool IsForceRelay() const;
   bool IsEnableSrtp() const;
   std::string GetSignalServerHost() const;
   int GetSignalServerPort() const;
-  int GetCoturnServerPort() const;
   std::string GetDefaultServerHost() const;
   int GetDefaultSignalServerPort() const;
-  int GetDefaultCoturnServerPort() const;
   bool IsSelfHosted() const;
-  bool IsMinimizeToTray() const;
   bool IsEnableAutostart() const;
   bool IsEnableDaemon() const;
+  bool IsEnablePrivacyScreen() const;
   bool IsPortableServicePromptSuppressed() const;
   std::string GetFileTransferSavePath() const;
 
@@ -83,20 +93,20 @@ class ConfigCenter {
   LANGUAGE language_ = LANGUAGE::CHINESE;
   VIDEO_QUALITY video_quality_ = VIDEO_QUALITY::HIGH;
   VIDEO_FRAME_RATE video_frame_rate_ = VIDEO_FRAME_RATE::FPS_60;
+  ScreenCaptureMethod screen_capture_method_ = ScreenCaptureMethod::Auto;
+  VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY video_adaptation_policy_ =
+      VIDEO_ADAPTATION_POLICY::QUALITY_PRIORITY;
   VIDEO_ENCODE_FORMAT video_encode_format_ = VIDEO_ENCODE_FORMAT::H264;
   bool hardware_video_codec_ = false;
   TURN_MODE turn_mode_ = TURN_MODE::AUTO_UDP_TCP;
-  bool enable_srtp_ = false;
   std::string signal_server_host_ = "";
   std::string signal_server_host_default_ = "api.crossdesk.cn";
   int signal_server_port_ = 0;
   int server_port_default_ = 9099;
-  int coturn_server_port_ = 0;
-  int coturn_server_port_default_ = 3478;
   bool enable_self_hosted_ = false;
-  bool enable_minimize_to_tray_ = false;
   bool enable_autostart_ = false;
   bool enable_daemon_ = false;
+  std::atomic<bool> enable_privacy_screen_{true};
   bool portable_service_prompt_suppressed_ = false;
   std::string file_transfer_save_path_ = "";
 };

apps/desktop/src/device_controller/device_controller.h

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2023-12-14
+ * Copyright (c) 2023 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _DEVICE_CONTROLLER_H_
+#define _DEVICE_CONTROLLER_H_
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include "display_info.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+// int key_code, bool is_down, uint32_t scan_code, bool extended
+using OnKeyAction = void (*)(int, bool, uint32_t, bool, void*);
+
+class DeviceController {
+ public:
+  virtual ~DeviceController() = default;
+};
+
+class MouseController : public DeviceController {
+ public:
+  ~MouseController() override = default;
+
+  virtual int Init(std::vector<DisplayInfo> display_info_list) = 0;
+  virtual int Destroy() = 0;
+  virtual int SendMouseCommand(RemoteAction remote_action,
+                               int display_index) = 0;
+  virtual void UpdateDisplayInfoList(
+      const std::vector<DisplayInfo>&) {}
+};
+
+class KeyboardCapturer : public DeviceController {
+ public:
+  ~KeyboardCapturer() override = default;
+
+  virtual int Hook(OnKeyAction on_key_action, void* user_ptr) = 0;
+  virtual int Unhook() = 0;
+  // Backends with an asynchronous capture loop override this so the UI can
+  // fall back to window events if that loop stops unexpectedly.
+  virtual bool IsHookActive() const { return true; }
+  virtual int SendKeyboardCommand(int key_code, bool is_down,
+                                  uint32_t scan_code = 0,
+                                  bool extended = false) = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/device_controller/device_controller_factory.h

@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@
 #define _DEVICE_CONTROLLER_FACTORY_H_
 
 #include "device_controller.h"
-#include "keyboard_capturer.h"
-#include "mouse_controller.h"
 
 namespace crossdesk {
 
@@ -21,16 +19,7 @@ class DeviceControllerFactory {
   virtual ~DeviceControllerFactory() {}
 
  public:
-  DeviceController* Create(Device device) {
-    switch (device) {
-      case Mouse:
-        return new MouseController();
-      case Keyboard:
-        return new KeyboardCapturer();
-      default:
-        return nullptr;
-    }
-  }
+  DeviceController* Create(Device device);
 };
 }  // namespace crossdesk
-#endif
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/application/application_state.h

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _APPLICATION_STATE_H_
+#define _APPLICATION_STATE_H_
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace crossdesk::gui_detail {
+
+struct MainWindowState {
+  bool exit_ = false;
+};
+
+// Application-global interaction flags that coordinate UI events with media
+// and remote-control devices.
+struct InteractionState {
+  bool start_mouse_controller_ = false;
+  bool mouse_controller_is_started_ = false;
+  bool start_screen_capturer_ = false;
+  bool screen_capturer_is_started_ = false;
+  bool start_keyboard_capturer_ = false;
+  bool keyboard_capturer_is_started_ = false;
+  bool keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ = false;
+  bool focus_on_stream_window_ = false;
+  bool audio_capture_ = false;
+  int screen_width_ = 1280;
+  int screen_height_ = 720;
+  int selected_display_ = 0;
+  char remote_id_display_[12] = "";
+  unsigned char audio_buffer_[720]{};
+  int audio_len_ = 0;
+  bool audio_buffer_fresh_ = false;
+  bool need_to_rejoin_ = false;
+  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point last_rejoin_check_time_ =
+      std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  std::string controlled_remote_id_;
+  std::string focused_remote_id_;
+  std::string remote_client_id_;
+};
+
+struct UpdateState {
+  nlohmann::json latest_version_info_ = nlohmann::json{};
+  bool update_available_ = false;
+  std::string latest_version_;
+  std::string release_name_;
+  std::string release_notes_;
+  std::string release_date_;
+};
+
+struct StreamWindowState {
+  bool need_to_create_stream_window_ = false;
+  bool stream_window_created_ = false;
+  bool stream_window_inited_ = false;
+  bool control_mouse_ = false;
+};
+
+struct ServerWindowState {
+  // Transport callbacks run outside the UI thread. Keep the two lifecycle
+  // requests atomic so a disconnect cannot be lost while the Slint timer is
+  // deciding whether to create or destroy the controlled-side window.
+  std::atomic<bool> need_to_create_server_window_{false};
+  std::atomic<bool> need_to_destroy_server_window_{false};
+  bool server_window_created_ = false;
+  bool server_window_inited_ = false;
+  bool server_window_collapsed_ = false;
+};
+
+struct UiState {
+  bool password_validating_ = false;
+  uint32_t password_validating_time_ = 0;
+  bool rejoin_ = false;
+  bool show_password_ = true;
+  bool show_connection_status_window_ = false;
+  bool fullscreen_button_pressed_ = false;
+  bool is_client_mode_ = false;
+  bool is_server_mode_ = false;
+  bool reload_recent_connections_ = true;
+  bool show_offline_warning_window_ = false;
+  std::string offline_warning_text_;
+  bool re_enter_remote_id_ = false;
+};
+
+struct ApplicationState : MainWindowState,
+                          InteractionState,
+                          UpdateState,
+                          StreamWindowState,
+                          ServerWindowState,
+                          UiState {};
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk::gui_detail
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/application/gui_application.h

@@ -1,9 +1,20 @@
-#ifndef CROSSDESK_GUI_APPLICATION_H_
-#define CROSSDESK_GUI_APPLICATION_H_
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
 
+#ifndef _GUI_APPLICATION_H_
+#define _GUI_APPLICATION_H_
+
+#include <chrono>
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
 
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include "runtime/cursor_state_provider.h"
 #include "runtime/gui_runtime.h"
 
 namespace crossdesk {
@@ -19,6 +30,12 @@ public:
 
 private:
   struct SlintUi;
+  struct CursorDeliveryState {
+    CursorState last_sent{};
+    bool has_sent = false;
+    bool feedback_pending = false;
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point last_sent_time{};
+  };
 
   void InitializeLogger();
   void InitializeSettings();
@@ -31,10 +48,19 @@ private:
   void BindStreamCallbacks();
   void BindServerCallbacks();
   void Tick();
+  void ShareLocalCursorState();
+  bool RequestPasswordChange(const std::string &password);
+  void HandlePasswordChangeResult();
+  void HandleCredentialRecovery();
   void SyncMainWindow();
   void SyncConnectionDialog();
   void SyncPlatformDialogs();
   void SyncStreamWindow();
+  void SyncStreamVideoFrame();
+  void ScheduleNextVideoFrame();
+  void ConfigureStreamVideoRenderer();
+  void SyncStreamKeyboardFocus();
+  void SetStreamKeyboardFocus(bool focused);
   void SyncServerWindow();
 #if defined(__linux__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
   void SyncXWaylandWindowActivation();
@@ -62,11 +88,17 @@ private:
   bool OpenUrl(const std::string &url);
 
   std::unique_ptr<SlintUi> ui_;
+  CursorStateProvider cursor_state_provider_;
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, CursorDeliveryState>
+      cursor_delivery_states_;
+  uint32_t cursor_state_sequence_ = 0;
+  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point next_video_frame_time_{};
 #if defined(__linux__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
   bool use_xwayland_gui_ = false;
+  bool use_x11_custom_titlebar_ = false;
 #endif
 };
 
 } // namespace crossdesk
 
-#endif // CROSSDESK_GUI_APPLICATION_H_
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/application/server_window_state.h

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SERVER_WINDOW_STATE_H_
+#define _SERVER_WINDOW_STATE_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace crossdesk::server_window_state {
+
+inline int ReconcileSelectedController(const std::vector<std::string>& ids,
+                                       std::string* selected_id) {
+  if (!selected_id) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (ids.empty()) {
+    selected_id->clear();
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  const auto selected = std::find(ids.begin(), ids.end(), *selected_id);
+  if (selected == ids.end()) {
+    *selected_id = ids.front();
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return static_cast<int>(std::distance(ids.begin(), selected));
+}
+} // namespace crossdesk::server_window_state
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/application/window_geometry.h

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _WINDOW_GEOMETRY_H_
+#define _WINDOW_GEOMETRY_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>
+
+namespace crossdesk::window_geometry {
+
+struct PhysicalRect {
+  int x = 0;
+  int y = 0;
+  int width = 0;
+  int height = 0;
+};
+
+struct PhysicalSize {
+  int width = 0;
+  int height = 0;
+};
+
+struct PhysicalPosition {
+  int x = 0;
+  int y = 0;
+};
+
+constexpr PhysicalPosition CenteredPosition(const PhysicalRect& bounds,
+                                            const PhysicalSize& size) {
+  return {
+      bounds.x + (bounds.width - std::min(bounds.width, size.width)) / 2,
+      bounds.y + (bounds.height - std::min(bounds.height, size.height)) / 2,
+  };
+}
+
+constexpr PhysicalPosition BottomRightPosition(const PhysicalRect& bounds,
+                                               const PhysicalSize& size) {
+  return {
+      bounds.x + std::max(0, bounds.width - size.width),
+      bounds.y + std::max(0, bounds.height - size.height),
+  };
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk::window_geometry
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/assets/localization/localization.h

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #ifndef _LOCALIZATION_H_
 #define _LOCALIZATION_H_
 
+#include <cstddef>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
@@ -110,45 +111,82 @@ inline const std::string& GetTranslatedText(const std::string& key,
 
 }  // namespace detail
 
-inline const std::string& LocalizedString::operator[](
-    int language_index) const {
-  return detail::GetTranslatedText(key_, language_index);
-}
-
-#define CROSSDESK_DECLARE_LOCALIZED_STRING(name, zh, en, ru) \
+inline const std::string& LocalizedString::operator[](
+    int language_index) const {
+  return detail::GetTranslatedText(key_, language_index);
+}
+
+inline std::string FormatDisplayLabel(size_t display_index,
+                                      const std::string& display_name,
+                                      int language_index) {
+  const std::string number = std::to_string(display_index + 1);
+  std::string label =
+      detail::GetTranslatedText("display_screen", language_index) + " " +
+      number;
+  const std::string fallback_name = "Display" + number;
+  if (!display_name.empty() && display_name != fallback_name) {
+    label += " (" + display_name + ")";
+  }
+  return label;
+}
+
+#define CROSSDESK_DECLARE_LOCALIZED_STRING(name, zh, en, ru) \
   inline const LocalizedString name(#name);
 CROSSDESK_LOCALIZATION_ALL(CROSSDESK_DECLARE_LOCALIZED_STRING)
 #undef CROSSDESK_DECLARE_LOCALIZED_STRING
 
-#if _WIN32
-inline const wchar_t* GetExitProgramLabel(int language_index) {
-  static std::vector<std::wstring> cache(GetSupportedLanguages().size());
+#if _WIN32
+inline const wchar_t* GetWindowsLocalizedLabel(
+    int language_index, const char* key, const wchar_t* fallback,
+    std::vector<std::wstring>& cache) {
   const int normalized_index = detail::ClampLanguageIndex(language_index);
-  std::wstring& cached_text = cache[normalized_index];
-  if (!cached_text.empty()) {
-    return cached_text.c_str();
-  }
-
-  const std::string& utf8_text =
-      detail::GetTranslatedText("exit_program", normalized_index);
-  if (utf8_text.empty()) {
-    cached_text = L"Exit";
-    return cached_text.c_str();
-  }
-
-  int wide_length =
-      MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, utf8_text.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0);
-  if (wide_length <= 0) {
-    cached_text = L"Exit";
-    return cached_text.c_str();
-  }
-
-  cached_text.resize(static_cast<size_t>(wide_length - 1));
-  MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, utf8_text.c_str(), -1, cached_text.data(),
-                      wide_length);
-  return cached_text.c_str();
-}
-#endif
+  std::wstring& cached_text = cache[normalized_index];
+  if (!cached_text.empty()) {
+    return cached_text.c_str();
+  }
+
+  const std::string& utf8_text =
+      detail::GetTranslatedText(key, normalized_index);
+  if (utf8_text.empty()) {
+    cached_text = fallback;
+    return cached_text.c_str();
+  }
+
+  int wide_length =
+      MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, utf8_text.c_str(), -1, nullptr, 0);
+  if (wide_length <= 0) {
+    cached_text = fallback;
+    return cached_text.c_str();
+  }
+
+  cached_text.resize(static_cast<size_t>(wide_length));
+  if (MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, utf8_text.c_str(), -1,
+                          cached_text.data(), wide_length) <= 0) {
+    cached_text = fallback;
+    return cached_text.c_str();
+  }
+  cached_text.pop_back();
+  return cached_text.c_str();
+}
+
+inline const wchar_t* GetShowMainWindowLabel(int language_index) {
+  static std::vector<std::wstring> cache(GetSupportedLanguages().size());
+  return GetWindowsLocalizedLabel(language_index, "show_main_window",
+                                  L"Show Main Window", cache);
+}
+
+inline const wchar_t* GetSettingsLabel(int language_index) {
+  static std::vector<std::wstring> cache(GetSupportedLanguages().size());
+  return GetWindowsLocalizedLabel(language_index, "settings", L"Settings",
+                                  cache);
+}
+
+inline const wchar_t* GetExitProgramLabel(int language_index) {
+  static std::vector<std::wstring> cache(GetSupportedLanguages().size());
+  return GetWindowsLocalizedLabel(language_index, "exit_program", L"Exit",
+                                  cache);
+}
+#endif
 
 }  // namespace localization
 }  // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/gui/assets/localization/localization_data.h

@@ -20,11 +20,19 @@ struct TranslationRow {
 
 // Single source of truth for all UI strings.
 #define CROSSDESK_LOCALIZATION_ALL(X)                                          \
+  X(privacy_screen, u8"隐私屏", "Privacy screen", u8"Приватный экран") \
+  X(privacy_enable, u8"开启隐私屏", "Enable privacy screen", u8"Включить приватный экран") \
+  X(privacy_disable, u8"关闭隐私屏", "Disable privacy screen", u8"Выключить приватный экран") \
+  X(privacy_on, u8"隐私屏：已开启", "Privacy screen: on", u8"Приватный экран: включён") \
+  X(privacy_off, u8"隐私屏：已关闭", "Privacy screen: off", u8"Приватный экран: выключен") \
+  X(privacy_unsupported, u8"隐私屏：不可用", "Privacy screen: unavailable", u8"Приватный экран: недоступен") \
   X(local_desktop, u8"本桌面", "Local Desktop", u8"Локальный рабочий стол")    \
   X(local_id, u8"本机ID", "Local ID", u8"Локальный ID")                        \
   X(local_id_copied_to_clipboard, u8"已复制到剪贴板", "Copied to clipboard",   \
     u8"Скопировано в буфер обмена")                                            \
   X(password, u8"密码", "Password", u8"Пароль")                                \
+  X(refresh_password, u8"刷新随机密码", "Refresh random password",            \
+    u8"Обновить случайный пароль")                                           \
   X(max_password_len, u8"最大6个字符", "Max 6 chars", u8"Макс. 6 символов")    \
   X(remote_desktop, u8"远程桌面", "Remote Desktop",                            \
     u8"Удаленный рабочий стол")                                                \
@@ -35,6 +43,7 @@ struct TranslationRow {
     u8"Недавние подключения")                                                  \
   X(disconnect, u8"断开连接", "Disconnect", u8"Отключить")                     \
   X(select_display, u8"选择显示器", "Select Display", u8"Выбрать дисплей")     \
+  X(display_screen, u8"显示屏", "Display", u8"Экран")                        \
   X(expand_control_bar, u8"展开控制栏", "Expand Control Bar",                  \
     u8"Развернуть панель управления")                                          \
   X(collapse_control_bar, u8"收起控制栏", "Collapse Control Bar",              \
@@ -119,9 +128,18 @@ struct TranslationRow {
     u8"стола")                                                                 \
   X(settings, u8"设置", "Settings", u8"Настройки")                             \
   X(language, u8"语言:", "Language:", u8"Язык:")                               \
-  X(video_quality, u8"视频质量:", "Video Quality:", u8"Качество видео:")       \
+  X(screen_capture_method, u8"采集方式:", "Capture Method:",                  \
+    u8"Способ захвата:")                                                      \
+  X(screen_capture_method_auto, u8"自动", "Auto", u8"Авто")                 \
+  X(video_quality, u8"画面质量:", "Video Quality:", u8"Качество видео:")       \
   X(video_frame_rate, u8"画面采集帧率:",                                       \
     "Video Capture Frame Rate:", u8"Частота захвата видео:")                   \
+  X(video_adaptation_policy, u8"画面偏好:", "Video Preference:",              \
+    u8"Режим видео:")                                                           \
+  X(video_priority_frame_rate, u8"帧率优先", "Frame Rate",                   \
+    u8"Частота кадров")                                                         \
+  X(video_priority_quality, u8"画质优先", "Quality", u8"Качество")          \
+  X(video_priority_balanced, u8"平衡", "Balanced", u8"Баланс")              \
   X(video_quality_high, u8"高", "High", u8"Высокое")                           \
   X(video_quality_medium, u8"中", "Medium", u8"Среднее")                       \
   X(video_quality_low, u8"低", "Low", u8"Низкое")                              \
@@ -133,7 +151,7 @@ struct TranslationRow {
     "Enable Hardware Video Codec:", u8"Использовать аппаратный кодек:")        \
   X(enable_turn, u8"启用中继服务:",                                            \
     "Enable TURN Service:", u8"Включить TURN-сервис:")                         \
-  X(enable_srtp, u8"启用SRTP:", "Enable SRTP:", u8"Включить SRTP:")            \
+  X(force_relay, u8"强制中继连接:", "Force Relay:", u8"Только через реле:")   \
   X(self_hosted_server_config, u8"自托管配置", "Self-Hosted Config",           \
     u8"Конфигурация self-hosted")                                              \
   X(self_hosted_server_settings, u8"自托管设置", "Self-Hosted Settings",       \
@@ -142,8 +160,6 @@ struct TranslationRow {
     "Server Address:", u8"Адрес сервера:")                                     \
   X(self_hosted_server_port, u8"信令服务端口:",                                \
     "Signal Service Port:", u8"Порт сигнального сервиса:")                     \
-  X(self_hosted_server_coturn_server_port, u8"中继服务端口:",                  \
-    "Relay Service Port:", u8"Порт реле-сервиса:")                             \
   X(ok, u8"确认", "OK", u8"ОК")                                                \
   X(cancel, u8"取消", "Cancel", u8"Отмена")                                    \
   X(new_password, u8"请输入六位密码:",                                         \
@@ -197,6 +213,8 @@ struct TranslationRow {
     "Confirm to delete this connection", u8"Удалить это подключение?")         \
   X(enable_autostart, u8"开机自启:", "Auto Start:", u8"Автозапуск:")           \
   X(enable_daemon, u8"启用守护进程:", "Enable Daemon:", u8"Включить демон:")   \
+  X(privacy_on_connect, u8"被连接时开启隐私屏:", "Privacy screen on connect:", \
+    u8"Приватность при подключении:")                                       \
   X(takes_effect_after_restart, u8"重启后生效", "Takes effect after restart",  \
     u8"Вступит в силу после перезапуска")                                      \
   X(select_file, u8"选择文件发送", "Select File to Send",                      \
@@ -214,12 +232,13 @@ struct TranslationRow {
   X(file_transfer_save_path, u8"文件接收保存路径:",                            \
     "File Transfer Save Path:", u8"Путь сохранения файлов:")                   \
   X(default_desktop, u8"桌面", "Desktop", u8"Рабочий стол")                    \
-  X(minimize_to_tray, u8"退出时最小化到系统托盘:",                             \
-    "Minimize on Exit:", u8"Сворачивать в трей при выходе:")                   \
   X(resolution, u8"分辨率", "Res", u8"Разрешение")                             \
   X(connection_mode, u8"连接模式", "Mode", u8"Режим")                          \
   X(connection_mode_direct, u8"直连", "Direct", u8"Прямой")                    \
   X(connection_mode_relay, u8"中继", "Relay", u8"Релейный")                    \
+  X(transport_encryption, u8"加密传输", "Encryption", u8"Шифрование")         \
+  X(transport_encryption_enabled, u8"已开启", "Enabled", u8"Включено")         \
+  X(transport_encryption_disabled, u8"未开启", "Disabled", u8"Выключено")       \
   X(online, u8"在线", "Online", u8"Онлайн")                                    \
   X(offline, u8"离线", "Offline", u8"Офлайн")                                  \
   X(device_offline, u8"设备离线", "Device Offline", u8"Устройство офлайн")     \
@@ -232,6 +251,11 @@ struct TranslationRow {
   X(permission_required_message, u8"该应用需要授权以下权限:",                  \
     "The application requires the following permissions:",                     \
     u8"Для работы приложения требуются следующие разрешения:")                 \
+  X(show_main_window, u8"显示主界面", "Show Main Window",                    \
+    u8"Показать главное окно")                                                \
+  X(privacy_screen_unlock_hint, u8"按下快捷键，解除隐私屏",                    \
+    "To turn off the privacy screen, press",                                 \
+    u8"Чтобы отключить приватный экран, нажмите")                             \
   X(exit_program, u8"退出", "Exit", u8"Выход")
 
 inline constexpr TranslationRow kTranslationRows[] = {

apps/desktop/src/gui/features/devices/session_device_manager.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,731 @@
+#include "features/devices/session_device_manager.h"
+
+#include <display_stream_id.h>
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "rd_log.h"
+#include "runtime/gui_runtime.h"
+#include "speaker_capturer_factory.h"
+#ifdef _WIN32
+#include "platform/windows/screen_capturer/screen_capturer_win.h"
+#include "platform/windows/input/mouse/mouse_controller.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+namespace {
+
+constexpr uint64_t kCaptureResumeKeyFrameGapMs = 500;
+constexpr size_t kMaxCapturedKeyboardInputs = 512;
+constexpr auto kFrameDeadlineTolerance = std::chrono::milliseconds(1);
+
+} // namespace
+
+SessionDeviceManager::SessionDeviceManager(GuiRuntime &owner)
+    : owner_(owner),
+      speaker_capture_(
+          [] {
+            return std::unique_ptr<SpeakerCapturer>(
+                SpeakerCapturerFactory().Create());
+          },
+          [this](unsigned char *data, size_t size, const char *) {
+            if (!owner_.peer_) return;
+            MiniRtcAudioFrame frame{};
+            frame.data = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(data);
+            frame.size = size;
+            frame.captured_timestamp = GetSystemTimeMicros(owner_.peer_);
+            SendAudioFrame(owner_.peer_, &frame, owner_.audio_label_.c_str());
+          }) {}
+
+SessionDeviceManager::~SessionDeviceManager() { speaker_capture_.Shutdown(); }
+
+bool SessionDeviceManager::ShouldSendCapturedFrame(
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point now, int fps) {
+  const auto interval =
+      std::chrono::nanoseconds(std::chrono::seconds(1)) / (fps > 0 ? fps : 1);
+  if (next_frame_deadline_ == std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point{}) {
+    next_frame_deadline_ = now;
+  }
+  if (now + kFrameDeadlineTolerance < next_frame_deadline_) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  next_frame_deadline_ += interval;
+  if (next_frame_deadline_ <= now) {
+    next_frame_deadline_ = now + interval;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::RecordCaptureCadence(
+    std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point now, int fps,
+    bool from_secure_desktop) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(capture_metrics_mutex_);
+  if (capture_metrics_started_ == std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point{})
+    capture_metrics_started_ = now;
+  const auto elapsed_us = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+                              now - capture_metrics_started_)
+                              .count();
+  if (elapsed_us >= 2000000) {
+    if (capture_forwarded_) {
+      const char* source = capture_secure_callbacks_ == 0 ? "normal_desktop"
+                           : capture_secure_callbacks_ == capture_callbacks_
+                               ? "secure_desktop"
+                               : "mixed";
+      LOG_INFO(
+          "Capture delivery: source={} normal_callbacks={} secure_callbacks={} "
+          "target_fps={} input_fps={:.2f} "
+          "forwarded_fps={:.2f} callbacks={} rate_dropped={} "
+          "forwarded={} send_errors={} max_callback_gap_us={} "
+          "send_avg_us={} send_max_us={} window_ms={}",
+          source, capture_callbacks_ - capture_secure_callbacks_,
+          capture_secure_callbacks_, fps,
+          capture_callbacks_ * 1000000.0 / elapsed_us,
+          capture_forwarded_ * 1000000.0 / elapsed_us, capture_callbacks_,
+          capture_rate_drops_, capture_forwarded_, capture_send_errors_,
+          capture_max_gap_us_, capture_send_us_ / capture_forwarded_,
+          capture_max_send_us_, elapsed_us / 1000);
+    }
+    capture_metrics_started_ = now;
+    capture_callbacks_ = capture_rate_drops_ = capture_forwarded_ = 0;
+    capture_secure_callbacks_ = 0;
+    capture_send_errors_ = 0;
+    capture_max_gap_us_ = capture_send_us_ = capture_max_send_us_ = 0;
+  }
+  if (last_capture_callback_ != std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point{}) {
+    capture_max_gap_us_ =
+        std::max<int64_t>(capture_max_gap_us_,
+                          std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+                              now - last_capture_callback_)
+                              .count());
+  }
+  last_capture_callback_ = std::max(last_capture_callback_, now);
+  ++capture_callbacks_;
+  if (from_secure_desktop) ++capture_secure_callbacks_;
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::Initialize() {
+  InitializeAudioOutput();
+  screen_capturer_factory_ = new ScreenCapturerFactory();
+  device_controller_factory_ = new DeviceControllerFactory();
+  keyboard_capturer_ =
+      static_cast<KeyboardCapturer *>(device_controller_factory_->Create(
+          DeviceControllerFactory::Device::Keyboard));
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::InitializeScreenCapturer() {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+  if (!owner_.EnsureMacScreenRecordingPermission()) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (!screen_capturer_) {
+    screen_capturer_ =
+        static_cast<ScreenCapturer *>(screen_capturer_factory_->Create());
+  }
+  screen_capturer_->SetPrivacyController(&owner_.privacy_);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  if (auto windows = dynamic_cast<ScreenCapturerWin*>(screen_capturer_)) {
+    windows->SetCaptureMethod(owner_.config_center_->GetScreenCaptureMethod());
+  }
+#endif
+
+  last_frame_time_ = {};
+  next_frame_deadline_ = {};
+  capture_metrics_started_ = last_capture_callback_ = {};
+  capture_callbacks_ = capture_rate_drops_ = capture_forwarded_ = 0;
+  capture_secure_callbacks_ = 0;
+  capture_send_errors_ = 0;
+  capture_max_gap_us_ = capture_send_us_ = capture_max_send_us_ = 0;
+  const int fps = owner_.config_center_->GetVideoFrameRate() ==
+                          ConfigCenter::VIDEO_FRAME_RATE::FPS_30
+                      ? 30
+                      : 60;
+  LOG_INFO("Init screen capturer with {} fps", fps);
+  SetDisplayInfoList({});
+  registered_display_stream_count_ = 0;
+  last_video_frame_stream_id_.clear();
+  invalid_video_stream_id_logged_ = false;
+
+  const int init_ret = screen_capturer_->Init(
+      fps, [this, fps](unsigned char *data, int size, int width, int height,
+                       const char *display_name,
+                       const MiniRtcNativeVideoFrame *native_frame) {
+        const auto now_time = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        bool from_secure_desktop = false;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+        from_secure_desktop =
+            ScreenCapturerWin::CurrentFrameIsFromSecureDesktop();
+#endif
+        RecordCaptureCadence(now_time, fps, from_secure_desktop);
+        if (!ShouldSendCapturedFrame(now_time, fps)) {
+          std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(capture_metrics_mutex_);
+          ++capture_rate_drops_;
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const bool has_previous_frame =
+            last_frame_time_.time_since_epoch().count() != 0;
+        const auto duration_ms =
+            has_previous_frame
+                ? std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+                      now_time - last_frame_time_)
+                      .count()
+                : 0;
+
+        std::vector<std::string> connected_remote_ids;
+        {
+          std::shared_lock lock(owner_.connection_status_mutex_);
+          connected_remote_ids.reserve(owner_.connection_status_.size());
+          for (const auto &[remote_id, status] : owner_.connection_status_) {
+            if (status == ConnectionStatus::Connected) {
+              connected_remote_ids.push_back(remote_id);
+            }
+          }
+        }
+
+        // Capture can still deliver frames while ICE is gathering or after
+        // the final controller disconnects. Do not broadcast those frames to
+        // MiniRTC: a broadcast also reaches newly joining peers whose ICE
+        // transport is not ready yet.
+        if (connected_remote_ids.empty()) {
+          last_frame_time_ = now_time;
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const std::string stream_id = ResolveDisplayStreamId(
+            display_name, registered_display_stream_count_, -1,
+            last_video_frame_stream_id_);
+        if (stream_id.empty()) {
+          if (!invalid_video_stream_id_logged_) {
+            LOG_ERROR(
+                "Drop captured frames with an empty or unregistered video "
+                "stream id, reported='{}', registered_streams={}",
+                display_name ? display_name : "",
+                registered_display_stream_count_);
+            invalid_video_stream_id_logged_ = true;
+          }
+          return;
+        }
+        invalid_video_stream_id_logged_ = false;
+        const bool resumed_after_gap =
+            has_previous_frame && duration_ms >= kCaptureResumeKeyFrameGapMs;
+        const bool stream_changed = !last_video_frame_stream_id_.empty() &&
+                                    last_video_frame_stream_id_ != stream_id;
+        if (resumed_after_gap || stream_changed) {
+          if (RequestVideoKeyFrame(owner_.peer_, stream_id.c_str()) == 0) {
+            LOG_INFO("Request video key frame before sending captured frame, "
+                     "stream='{}', gap_ms={}, stream_changed={}",
+                     stream_id, duration_ms, stream_changed);
+          }
+        }
+
+        MiniRtcVideoFrame frame{};
+        frame.data = reinterpret_cast<const char *>(data);
+        frame.size = size;
+        frame.width = width;
+        frame.height = height;
+        frame.captured_timestamp = GetSystemTimeMicros(owner_.peer_);
+        frame.native_frame = native_frame;
+        const auto send_started = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+        uint64_t send_errors = 0;
+        for (const std::string &remote_id : connected_remote_ids) {
+          if (SendVideoFrameToPeer(owner_.peer_, &frame, stream_id.c_str(),
+                                   remote_id.data(), remote_id.size()) != 0)
+            ++send_errors;
+        }
+        const auto send_us =
+            std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::microseconds>(
+                std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - send_started)
+                .count();
+        {
+          std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(capture_metrics_mutex_);
+          ++capture_forwarded_;
+          capture_send_errors_ += send_errors;
+          capture_send_us_ += send_us;
+          capture_max_send_us_ =
+              std::max<int64_t>(capture_max_send_us_, send_us);
+        }
+        last_video_frame_stream_id_ = stream_id;
+        last_frame_time_ = now_time;
+      });
+
+  if (init_ret == 0) {
+    LOG_INFO("Init screen capturer success");
+    auto latest_display_info = screen_capturer_->GetDisplayInfoList();
+    registered_display_stream_count_ = latest_display_info.size();
+    if (!latest_display_info.empty()) {
+      SetDisplayInfoList(std::move(latest_display_info));
+    }
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  LOG_ERROR("Init screen capturer failed");
+  screen_capturer_->Destroy();
+  delete screen_capturer_;
+  screen_capturer_ = nullptr;
+  return -1;
+}
+
+bool SessionDeviceManager::ShouldCaptureCursor() const {
+  std::shared_lock lock(owner_.connection_status_mutex_);
+  return std::any_of(owner_.connection_status_.begin(),
+                     owner_.connection_status_.end(), [](const auto& entry) {
+    return entry.second == ConnectionStatus::Connected &&
+           entry.first.find("web") != std::string::npos;
+  });
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::StartScreenCapturer() {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+  if (!owner_.EnsureMacScreenRecordingPermission()) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (!screen_capturer_) {
+    LOG_INFO("Screen capturer instance missing, recreating before start");
+    if (InitializeScreenCapturer() != 0) {
+      LOG_ERROR("Recreate screen capturer failed");
+      return -1;
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Clear before sampling, so a change arriving after the sample remains pending.
+  cursor_capture_dirty_.store(false, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  const bool show_cursor = ShouldCaptureCursor();
+  LOG_INFO("Start screen capturer, show cursor: {}", show_cursor);
+  const int ret = screen_capturer_->Start(show_cursor);
+  if (ret != 0) {
+    LOG_ERROR("Start screen capturer failed: {}", ret);
+  }
+  return ret;
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::StopScreenCapturer() {
+  if (screen_capturer_) {
+    LOG_INFO("Stop screen capturer");
+    screen_capturer_->Stop();
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+void SessionDeviceManager::ReleaseRemoteMouseButtons() {
+  if (auto mouse = dynamic_cast<PlatformMouseController*>(mouse_controller_))
+    mouse->ReleasePressedButtons();
+}
+#endif
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::StartSpeakerCapturer() {
+  speaker_capture_.SetEnabled(true);
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::StopSpeakerCapturer() {
+  speaker_capture_.SetEnabled(false);
+}
+
+bool SessionDeviceManager::SyncDisplayInfo() {
+  if (!screen_capturer_) return false;
+  auto displays = screen_capturer_->GetDisplayInfoList();
+  if (displays.empty()) return false;
+  // Called every UI tick; replace the shared list only when geometry actually
+  // changed so readers on other threads rarely contend for the lock.
+  bool changed = false;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(display_info_mutex_);
+    changed = !std::equal(
+        displays.begin(), displays.end(), display_info_list_.begin(),
+        display_info_list_.end(), [](const auto &a, const auto &b) {
+          return a.handle == b.handle && a.name == b.name &&
+                 a.is_primary == b.is_primary && a.left == b.left &&
+                 a.top == b.top && a.width == b.width && a.height == b.height;
+        });
+    if (changed) display_info_list_ = displays;
+  }
+  if (changed && mouse_controller_) mouse_controller_->UpdateDisplayInfoList(displays);
+  return true;
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::SetDisplayInfoList(std::vector<DisplayInfo> displays) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(display_info_mutex_);
+  display_info_list_ = std::move(displays);
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::StartMouseController() {
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+  if (!owner_.EnsureMacAccessibilityPermission()) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (!device_controller_factory_) {
+    LOG_INFO("Device controller factory is nullptr");
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+#if defined(__linux__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
+  if (IsWaylandSession()) {
+    if (!screen_capturer_) {
+      return 1;
+    }
+    const auto latest_display_info = screen_capturer_->GetDisplayInfoList();
+    if (latest_display_info.empty() ||
+        latest_display_info[0].handle == nullptr) {
+      return 1;
+    }
+  }
+
+#endif
+
+  SyncDisplayInfo();
+  mouse_controller_ =
+      static_cast<MouseController *>(device_controller_factory_->Create(
+          DeviceControllerFactory::Device::Mouse));
+  if (!mouse_controller_) {
+    LOG_ERROR("Create mouse controller failed");
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  const int init_ret = mouse_controller_->Init(display_info_list());
+  if (init_ret != 0) {
+    LOG_INFO("Destroy mouse controller");
+    mouse_controller_->Destroy();
+    delete mouse_controller_;
+    mouse_controller_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  return init_ret;
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::StopMouseController() {
+  if (mouse_controller_) {
+    mouse_controller_->Destroy();
+    delete mouse_controller_;
+    mouse_controller_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::StartKeyboardCapturer() {
+  ClearCapturedKeyboardInput();
+  owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ = false;
+
+#ifdef __APPLE__
+  if (!owner_.EnsureMacAccessibilityPermission()) {
+    owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ = true;
+    return 0;
+  }
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__linux__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
+  if (IsWaylandSession()) {
+    owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ = true;
+    LOG_INFO("Start keyboard capturer with Slint Wayland backend");
+    return 0;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (!keyboard_capturer_) {
+    owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ = true;
+    LOG_WARN(
+        "keyboard capturer is nullptr, falling back to Slint keyboard events");
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  const int hook_ret = keyboard_capturer_->Hook(
+      [](int key_code, bool is_down, uint32_t scan_code, bool extended,
+         void *user_ptr) {
+        if (user_ptr) {
+          auto *devices = static_cast<SessionDeviceManager *>(user_ptr);
+          devices->QueueCapturedKeyboardInput(key_code, is_down, scan_code,
+                                              extended);
+        }
+      },
+      this);
+  if (hook_ret != 0) {
+    keyboard_capturer_->Unhook();
+    owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ = true;
+    LOG_WARN(
+        "Start keyboard capturer failed, falling back to Slint keyboard events");
+  } else {
+    LOG_INFO("Start keyboard capturer with native input");
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::StopKeyboardCapturer() {
+  owner_.keyboard_capturer_is_started_ = false;
+  if (keyboard_capturer_) keyboard_capturer_->Unhook();
+  ClearCapturedKeyboardInput();
+  if (owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_) {
+    owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ = false;
+    LOG_INFO("Stop keyboard capturer with Slint keyboard backend");
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  if (keyboard_capturer_) {
+    LOG_INFO("Stop keyboard capturer");
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::InitializeAudioOutput() {
+  SDL_AudioSpec desired_out{};
+  desired_out.freq = 48000;
+  desired_out.format = SDL_AUDIO_S16;
+  desired_out.channels = 1;
+
+  auto open_stream = [&]() {
+    output_stream_ = SDL_OpenAudioDeviceStream(
+        SDL_AUDIO_DEVICE_DEFAULT_PLAYBACK, &desired_out, nullptr, nullptr);
+    return output_stream_ != nullptr;
+  };
+
+  if (!open_stream()) {
+#if defined(__linux__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
+    LOG_WARN("Failed to open output stream with driver [{}]: {}",
+             getenv("SDL_AUDIODRIVER") ? getenv("SDL_AUDIODRIVER")
+                                       : "(default)",
+             SDL_GetError());
+
+    setenv("SDL_AUDIODRIVER", "dummy", 1);
+    SDL_QuitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO);
+    if (!SDL_InitSubSystem(SDL_INIT_AUDIO)) {
+      LOG_ERROR("Failed to reinitialize SDL audio with dummy driver: {}",
+                SDL_GetError());
+      return -1;
+    }
+    if (!open_stream()) {
+      LOG_ERROR("Failed to open output stream with dummy driver: {}",
+                SDL_GetError());
+      return -1;
+    }
+    LOG_WARN("Audio output disabled, using SDL dummy audio driver");
+#else
+    LOG_ERROR("Failed to open output stream: {}", SDL_GetError());
+    return -1;
+#endif
+  }
+
+  SDL_ResumeAudioDevice(SDL_GetAudioStreamDevice(output_stream_));
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::DestroyAudioOutput() {
+  if (output_stream_) {
+    SDL_CloseAudioDevice(SDL_GetAudioStreamDevice(output_stream_));
+    SDL_DestroyAudioStream(output_stream_);
+    output_stream_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::PushAudio(const char *data, size_t size) {
+  if (!output_stream_) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const int pushed = SDL_PutAudioStreamData(
+      output_stream_, reinterpret_cast<const Uint8 *>(data),
+      static_cast<int>(size));
+  if (pushed < 0) {
+    LOG_ERROR("Failed to push audio data: {}", SDL_GetError());
+  }
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::UpdateInteractions() {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  if (owner_.screen_capturer_is_started_ &&
+      cursor_capture_dirty_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
+    if (auto* windows = dynamic_cast<ScreenCapturerWin*>(screen_capturer_)) {
+      cursor_capture_dirty_.store(false, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+      windows->SetCursorCapture(ShouldCaptureCursor());
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+#if defined(__linux__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
+  const bool is_wayland_session = IsWaylandSession();
+  const bool stop_wayland_mouse_before_screen =
+      is_wayland_session && !owner_.start_screen_capturer_ &&
+      owner_.screen_capturer_is_started_ && !owner_.start_mouse_controller_ &&
+      owner_.mouse_controller_is_started_;
+  if (stop_wayland_mouse_before_screen) {
+    LOG_INFO("Stopping Wayland mouse controller before screen capturer to "
+             "cleanly release the shared portal session");
+    StopMouseController();
+    owner_.mouse_controller_is_started_ = false;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  if (owner_.start_screen_capturer_ && !owner_.screen_capturer_is_started_) {
+    if (StartScreenCapturer() == 0) {
+      owner_.screen_capturer_is_started_ = true;
+    }
+  } else if (!owner_.start_screen_capturer_ &&
+             owner_.screen_capturer_is_started_) {
+    StopScreenCapturer();
+    owner_.screen_capturer_is_started_ = false;
+  }
+
+  if (owner_.start_mouse_controller_ && !owner_.mouse_controller_is_started_) {
+    if (StartMouseController() == 0) {
+      owner_.mouse_controller_is_started_ = true;
+    }
+  } else if (!owner_.start_mouse_controller_ &&
+             owner_.mouse_controller_is_started_) {
+    StopMouseController();
+    owner_.mouse_controller_is_started_ = false;
+  }
+
+  if (owner_.screen_capturer_is_started_ && mouse_controller_ && SyncDisplayInfo()) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    const int active_display = screen_capturer_->GetCurrentMonitorIndex();
+    const auto displays = display_info_list();
+    if (active_display >= 0 &&
+        active_display < static_cast<int>(displays.size())) {
+      owner_.selected_display_ = active_display;
+      if (displays[active_display].width <= 0 ||
+          displays[active_display].height <= 0)
+        ReleaseRemoteMouseButtons();
+    }
+#endif
+  }
+
+  if (owner_.start_keyboard_capturer_ && owner_.focus_on_stream_window_) {
+    if (!owner_.keyboard_capturer_is_started_ && StartKeyboardCapturer() == 0) {
+      owner_.keyboard_capturer_is_started_ = true;
+    }
+    if (owner_.keyboard_capturer_is_started_) {
+      if (!owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ &&
+          (!keyboard_capturer_ || !keyboard_capturer_->IsHookActive())) {
+        StopKeyboardCapturer();
+        owner_.keyboard_.ForceReleasePressedKeys();
+        owner_.keyboard_capturer_uses_window_events_ = true;
+        owner_.keyboard_capturer_is_started_ = true;
+        LOG_WARN("Native keyboard capture stopped; using Slint keyboard events");
+      }
+      DrainCapturedKeyboardInput();
+      owner_.keyboard_.SendHeartbeat(false);
+    }
+  } else if (owner_.keyboard_capturer_is_started_) {
+    owner_.keyboard_.ForceReleasePressedKeys();
+    StopKeyboardCapturer();
+    owner_.keyboard_capturer_is_started_ = false;
+  }
+
+  owner_.keyboard_.CheckRemoteTimeouts();
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::QueueCapturedKeyboardInput(int key_code,
+                                                       bool is_down,
+                                                       uint32_t scan_code,
+                                                       bool extended) {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(captured_keyboard_inputs_mutex_);
+  if (captured_keyboard_inputs_.size() >= kMaxCapturedKeyboardInputs) {
+    captured_keyboard_inputs_.pop_front();
+    LOG_WARN("Captured keyboard input queue overflow, dropping oldest event");
+  }
+  captured_keyboard_inputs_.push_back(
+      CapturedKeyboardInput{key_code, is_down, scan_code, extended});
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::DrainCapturedKeyboardInput() {
+  std::deque<CapturedKeyboardInput> inputs;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(captured_keyboard_inputs_mutex_);
+    inputs.swap(captured_keyboard_inputs_);
+  }
+  if (owner_.privacy_.Snapshot().input_blocked) return;
+  for (const CapturedKeyboardInput &input : inputs) {
+    owner_.keyboard_.SendKeyCommand(input.key_code, input.is_down,
+                                    input.scan_code, input.extended);
+  }
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::ClearCapturedKeyboardInput() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(captured_keyboard_inputs_mutex_);
+  captured_keyboard_inputs_.clear();
+}
+
+bool SessionDeviceManager::SendKeyboardCommand(int key_code, bool is_down,
+                                               uint32_t scan_code,
+                                               bool extended) {
+  return keyboard_capturer_ && keyboard_capturer_->SendKeyboardCommand(
+                                   key_code, is_down, scan_code, extended) == 0;
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::SendMouseCommand(const RemoteAction &action,
+                                            int selected_display) {
+  if (mouse_controller_) {
+    mouse_controller_->SendMouseCommand(action, selected_display);
+  }
+}
+
+int SessionDeviceManager::SwitchDisplay(int display_id) {
+  if (!screen_capturer_) return -1;
+  const int ret = screen_capturer_->SwitchTo(display_id);
+  if (ret == 0) SyncDisplayInfo();
+  return ret;
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::ResetToInitialDisplay() {
+  if (!screen_capturer_) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const int ret = screen_capturer_->ResetToInitialMonitor();
+  if (ret != 0) {
+    LOG_WARN("Reset to initial display failed, ret={}", ret);
+    return;
+  }
+  // Capture backends start at display 0. Reset the input mapping as well so
+  // the next connection cannot show that display while controlling another.
+  owner_.selected_display_ = 0;
+  SyncDisplayInfo();
+}
+
+std::vector<DisplayInfo> SessionDeviceManager::display_info_list() const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(display_info_mutex_);
+  return display_info_list_;
+}
+
+std::vector<HostDisplay> SessionDeviceManager::host_display_list() const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(display_info_mutex_);
+  std::vector<HostDisplay> displays;
+  displays.reserve(display_info_list_.size());
+  for (const auto &display : display_info_list_) {
+    displays.push_back({display.name, display.left, display.top, display.right,
+                        display.bottom});
+  }
+  return displays;
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::DestroyDevices() {
+  speaker_capture_.Shutdown();
+  if (mouse_controller_) {
+    mouse_controller_->Destroy();
+    delete mouse_controller_;
+    mouse_controller_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  if (screen_capturer_) {
+    screen_capturer_->Destroy();
+    delete screen_capturer_;
+    screen_capturer_ = nullptr;
+  }
+  if (keyboard_capturer_) {
+    delete keyboard_capturer_;
+    keyboard_capturer_ = nullptr;
+  }
+}
+
+void SessionDeviceManager::DestroyFactories() {
+  delete screen_capturer_factory_;
+  screen_capturer_factory_ = nullptr;
+  delete device_controller_factory_;
+  device_controller_factory_ = nullptr;
+}
+
+} // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/gui/features/devices/session_device_manager.h

@@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-09
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SESSION_DEVICE_MANAGER_H_
+#define _SESSION_DEVICE_MANAGER_H_
+
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
+#include <atomic>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <deque>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include "device_controller.h"
+#include "device_controller_factory.h"
+#include "display_info.h"
+#include "screen_capturer_factory.h"
+#include "speaker_capture_controller.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+class GuiRuntime;
+
+// Owns media capture/playback and remote input devices for the active GUI
+// session. GuiRuntime supplies application intent; this class handles device
+// creation, updates and teardown.
+class SessionDeviceManager {
+public:
+  explicit SessionDeviceManager(GuiRuntime &owner);
+  ~SessionDeviceManager();
+
+  void Initialize();
+  void UpdateInteractions();
+  // Call after changing the controller map. UpdateInteractions consumes this
+  // notification on the UI thread before reading the map under its mutex.
+  void OnControllerConnectionsChanged() {
+    cursor_capture_dirty_.store(true, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+  }
+  void DestroyDevices();
+  void DestroyFactories();
+
+  int InitializeScreenCapturer();
+  int StartScreenCapturer();
+  int StopScreenCapturer();
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  void ReleaseRemoteMouseButtons();
+#endif
+  // Requests are asynchronous; Stop drains/revokes audio delivery before
+  // returning so the connection peer can be destroyed safely.
+  void StartSpeakerCapturer();
+  void StopSpeakerCapturer();
+  int StartMouseController();
+  int StopMouseController();
+  int StartKeyboardCapturer();
+  int StopKeyboardCapturer();
+
+  int InitializeAudioOutput();
+  int DestroyAudioOutput();
+  void PushAudio(const char *data, size_t size);
+
+  bool SendKeyboardCommand(int key_code, bool is_down, uint32_t scan_code,
+                           bool extended);
+  void SendMouseCommand(const RemoteAction &action, int selected_display);
+  int SwitchDisplay(int display_id);
+  void ResetToInitialDisplay();
+
+  // Snapshot of the capture displays. The UI thread refreshes the list every
+  // tick while transport threads build host information and map mouse input
+  // from it, so callers get a copy taken under the lock.
+  std::vector<DisplayInfo> display_info_list() const;
+  // The same snapshot in the wire's host information form.
+  std::vector<HostDisplay> host_display_list() const;
+
+private:
+  struct CapturedKeyboardInput {
+    int key_code = 0;
+    bool is_down = false;
+    uint32_t scan_code = 0;
+    bool extended = false;
+  };
+
+  void QueueCapturedKeyboardInput(int key_code, bool is_down,
+                                  uint32_t scan_code, bool extended);
+  void DrainCapturedKeyboardInput();
+  void ClearCapturedKeyboardInput();
+  bool ShouldSendCapturedFrame(std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point now,
+                               int fps);
+  bool ShouldCaptureCursor() const;
+  bool SyncDisplayInfo();
+  void SetDisplayInfoList(std::vector<DisplayInfo> displays);
+  void RecordCaptureCadence(std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point now, int fps,
+                            bool from_secure_desktop);
+
+  GuiRuntime &owner_;
+  SDL_AudioStream *output_stream_ = nullptr;
+  ScreenCapturerFactory *screen_capturer_factory_ = nullptr;
+  ScreenCapturer *screen_capturer_ = nullptr;
+  std::atomic<bool> cursor_capture_dirty_{true};
+  SpeakerCaptureController speaker_capture_;
+  DeviceControllerFactory *device_controller_factory_ = nullptr;
+  MouseController *mouse_controller_ = nullptr;
+  KeyboardCapturer *keyboard_capturer_ = nullptr;
+  // Guards display_info_list_ (UI thread writes, transport threads read).
+  mutable std::mutex display_info_mutex_;
+  std::vector<DisplayInfo> display_info_list_;
+  size_t registered_display_stream_count_ = 0;
+  std::deque<CapturedKeyboardInput> captured_keyboard_inputs_;
+  std::mutex captured_keyboard_inputs_mutex_;
+  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point last_frame_time_{};
+  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point next_frame_deadline_{};
+  std::mutex capture_metrics_mutex_;
+  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point capture_metrics_started_{};
+  std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point last_capture_callback_{};
+  uint64_t capture_callbacks_ = 0, capture_rate_drops_ = 0;
+  uint64_t capture_secure_callbacks_ = 0;
+  uint64_t capture_forwarded_ = 0, capture_send_errors_ = 0;
+  int64_t capture_max_gap_us_ = 0;
+  int64_t capture_send_us_ = 0, capture_max_send_us_ = 0;
+  std::string last_video_frame_stream_id_;
+  bool invalid_video_stream_id_logged_ = false;
+};
+
+} // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/features/file_transfer/file_transfer_manager.cpp

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <chrono>
-#include <cstring>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <limits>
 #include <memory>
@@ -21,6 +20,16 @@ namespace crossdesk {
 
 FileTransferManager::FileTransferManager(GuiRuntime &owner) : owner_(owner) {}
 
+FileTransferManager::~FileTransferManager() {
+  std::vector<std::future<void>> workers;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard lock(workers_mutex_);
+    stopping_ = true;
+    workers.swap(workers_);
+  }
+  for (auto& worker : workers) worker.wait();
+}
+
 FileTransferManager::FileTransferState &FileTransferManager::global_state() {
   return global_state_;
 }
@@ -93,8 +102,16 @@ void FileTransferManager::Start(
     std::shared_ptr<RemoteSession> props,
     const std::filesystem::path &file_path, const std::string &file_label,
     const std::string &remote_id) {
+  if (props && props->closing_) return;
   const bool is_global = !props;
-  PeerPtr *peer = is_global ? owner_.peer_ : props->peer_;
+  PeerPtr* peer = nullptr;
+  std::shared_ptr<PeerEventHandler> peer_events;
+  {
+    std::shared_lock lock(owner_.remote_sessions_mutex_);
+    if (props && props->closing_) return;
+    peer = is_global ? owner_.peer_ : props->peer_;
+    peer_events = is_global ? owner_.peer_events_ : props->peer_events_;
+  }
   if (!peer) {
     LOG_ERROR("StartFileTransfer: invalid peer");
     return;
@@ -109,7 +126,14 @@ void FileTransferManager::Start(
   }
 
   const auto props_weak = std::weak_ptr<RemoteSession>(props);
-  std::thread([this, peer, file_path, file_label, props_weak, remote_id,
+  std::lock_guard workers_lock(workers_mutex_);
+  if (stopping_) return;
+  // Reap finished senders without blocking the UI.
+  std::erase_if(workers_, [](auto& worker) {
+    return worker.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds(0)) == std::future_status::ready;
+  });
+  workers_.push_back(std::async(std::launch::async,
+      [this, peer, peer_events, file_path, file_label, props_weak, remote_id,
                is_global]() {
     auto props_locked = props_weak.lock();
     FileTransferState *state = nullptr;
@@ -167,7 +191,11 @@ void FileTransferManager::Start(
 
     const int ret = sender.SendFile(
         file_path, file_path.filename().string(),
-        [peer, file_label, remote_id](const char *buffer, size_t size) {
+        [peer, peer_events, file_label, remote_id, props_locked](const char *buffer, size_t size) {
+          // Close drains each in-flight send before detaching the peer.
+          if (props_locked && props_locked->closing_) return -1;
+          auto callback = peer_events->EnterCallback();
+          if (!callback) return -1;
           if (remote_id.empty()) {
             return SendReliableDataFrame(peer, buffer, size,
                                          file_label.c_str());
@@ -201,12 +229,13 @@ void FileTransferManager::Start(
     }
     LOG_ERROR("FileSender::SendFile failed for [{}], ret={}",
               file_path.string().c_str(), ret);
-    ProcessQueue(props_locked);
-  }).detach();
+    if (peer_events->IsActive()) ProcessQueue(props_locked);
+  }));
 }
 
 void FileTransferManager::ProcessQueue(
     std::shared_ptr<RemoteSession> props) {
+  if (props && props->closing_) return;
   FileTransferState &state = state_for(props);
   if (state.file_sending_.load()) {
     return;
@@ -236,15 +265,9 @@ void FileTransferManager::Unregister(uint32_t file_id, bool per_peer) {
 }
 
 void FileTransferManager::HandleAck(const char *data, size_t size) {
-  if (size < sizeof(FileTransferAck)) {
-    LOG_ERROR("FileTransferAck: buffer too small, size={}", size);
-    return;
-  }
-
   FileTransferAck ack{};
-  std::memcpy(&ack, data, sizeof(ack));
-  if (ack.magic != kFileAckMagic) {
-    LOG_ERROR("FileTransferAck: invalid magic, got 0x{:08X}", ack.magic);
+  if (!DecodeFileTransferAck(data, size, &ack)) {
+    LOG_ERROR("FileTransferAck: invalid payload, size={}", size);
     return;
   }
 

apps/desktop/src/gui/features/file_transfer/file_transfer_manager.h

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <filesystem>
+#include <future>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <vector>
 #include <memory>
 #include <shared_mutex>
 #include <string>
@@ -21,6 +24,7 @@ public:
   using RemoteSession = gui_detail::RemoteSession;
 
   explicit FileTransferManager(GuiRuntime &owner);
+  ~FileTransferManager();
 
   FileTransferState &global_state();
   FileTransferState &
@@ -40,6 +44,9 @@ private:
   void ProcessQueue(std::shared_ptr<RemoteSession> props);
   void Unregister(uint32_t file_id, bool per_peer);
 
+  std::mutex workers_mutex_;
+  std::vector<std::future<void>> workers_;
+  bool stopping_ = false;
   GuiRuntime &owner_;
   FileTransferState global_state_;
   std::unordered_map<uint32_t, std::weak_ptr<RemoteSession>>

apps/desktop/src/gui/features/input/keyboard_controller.cpp

@@ -1,14 +1,16 @@
 #include "features/input/keyboard_controller.h"
 
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
+
 #include <cstdint>
 #include <mutex>
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 
-#include <SDL3/SDL.h>
-#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
-
 #include "minirtc.h"
 #include "rd_log.h"
 #include "runtime/gui_runtime.h"
@@ -45,11 +47,14 @@ int NormalizeWindowsModifierVk(int key_code, uint32_t scan_code,
 #endif
 }
 
-void PopulateWindowsKeyMetadataFromVk(int key_code, uint32_t *scan_code_out,
-                                      bool *extended_out) {
+void PopulateWindowsKeyMetadataFromVk(int key_code, uint32_t* scan_code_out,
+                                      bool* extended_out) {
   if (!scan_code_out || !extended_out) {
     return;
   }
+  if (LookupWindowsKeyMetadataFromVk(key_code, scan_code_out, extended_out)) {
+    return;
+  }
 #if _WIN32
   const UINT scan_code =
       MapVirtualKeyW(static_cast<UINT>(key_code), MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC_EX);
@@ -59,13 +64,12 @@ void PopulateWindowsKeyMetadataFromVk(int key_code, uint32_t *scan_code_out,
     return;
   }
 #endif
-  LookupWindowsKeyMetadataFromVk(key_code, scan_code_out, extended_out);
 }
 
 #if _WIN32
 constexpr uint32_t kSecureDesktopInputLogIntervalMs = 2000;
 
-void LogSecureDesktopInputBlocked(uint32_t *last_tick, const char *stage) {
+void LogSecureDesktopInputBlocked(uint32_t* last_tick, const char* stage) {
   const uint32_t now = static_cast<uint32_t>(SDL_GetTicks());
   if (*last_tick != 0 && now - *last_tick < kSecureDesktopInputLogIntervalMs) {
     return;
@@ -77,8 +81,8 @@ void LogSecureDesktopInputBlocked(uint32_t *last_tick, const char *stage) {
       stage ? stage : "");
 }
 
-bool IsTransientSecureDesktopInputFailure(const nlohmann::json &response,
-                                          const RemoteAction &action) {
+bool IsTransientSecureDesktopInputFailure(const nlohmann::json& response,
+                                          const RemoteAction& action) {
   return response.is_object() &&
          response.value("error", std::string()) == "send_input_failed" &&
          response.value("code", 0u) == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
@@ -87,9 +91,9 @@ bool IsTransientSecureDesktopInputFailure(const nlohmann::json &response,
 }
 #endif
 
-} // namespace
+}  // namespace
 
-KeyboardController::KeyboardController(GuiRuntime &owner) : owner_(owner) {}
+KeyboardController::KeyboardController(GuiRuntime& owner) : owner_(owner) {}
 
 void KeyboardController::TrackPressedKey(int key_code, bool is_down,
                                          uint32_t scan_code, bool extended) {
@@ -106,13 +110,13 @@ void KeyboardController::ForceReleasePressedKeys() {
   {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(pressed_keys_mutex_);
     pressed_keys.reserve(pressed_keys_.size());
-    for (const auto &[_, key] : pressed_keys_) {
+    for (const auto& [_, key] : pressed_keys_) {
       pressed_keys.push_back(key);
     }
     pressed_keys_.clear();
   }
 
-  for (const PressedKey &key : pressed_keys) {
+  for (const PressedKey& key : pressed_keys) {
     SendKeyCommand(key.key_code, false, key.scan_code, key.extended);
   }
   SendHeartbeat(true);
@@ -130,7 +134,7 @@ void KeyboardController::SendHeartbeat(bool force) {
   {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(pressed_keys_mutex_);
     size_t index = 0;
-    for (const auto &[_, key] : pressed_keys_) {
+    for (const auto& [_, key] : pressed_keys_) {
       if (index >= kMaxKeyboardStateKeys) {
         LOG_WARN("Keyboard heartbeat truncated, pressed_keys={}",
                  pressed_keys_.size());
@@ -148,6 +152,7 @@ void KeyboardController::SendHeartbeat(bool force) {
   const std::string target_id = owner_.controlled_remote_id_.empty()
                                     ? owner_.focused_remote_id_
                                     : owner_.controlled_remote_id_;
+  std::shared_lock sessions_lock(owner_.remote_sessions_mutex_);
   const auto props_it = owner_.remote_sessions_.find(target_id);
   if (target_id.empty() || props_it == owner_.remote_sessions_.end() ||
       props_it->second->connection_status_.load() !=
@@ -187,6 +192,7 @@ int KeyboardController::SendKeyCommand(int key_code, bool is_down,
   const std::string target_id = owner_.controlled_remote_id_.empty()
                                     ? owner_.focused_remote_id_
                                     : owner_.controlled_remote_id_;
+  std::shared_lock sessions_lock(owner_.remote_sessions_mutex_);
   const auto props_it = owner_.remote_sessions_.find(target_id);
   if (!target_id.empty() && props_it != owner_.remote_sessions_.end() &&
       props_it->second->connection_status_.load() ==
@@ -209,6 +215,9 @@ int KeyboardController::SendKeyCommand(int key_code, bool is_down,
 bool KeyboardController::InjectRemoteKey(int key_code, bool is_down,
                                          uint32_t scan_code, bool extended) {
 #if _WIN32
+  if (owner_.privacy_.Engaged() && !IsWindowsPrivacyDesktopAvailable()) {
+    owner_.privacy_.Fail("Secure desktop or locked session; privacy screen will turn off");
+  }
   if (owner_.local_service_status_received_ &&
       IsSecureDesktopInteractionRequired(owner_.local_interactive_stage_)) {
     const std::string response = SendCrossDeskSecureDesktopKeyInput(
@@ -223,9 +232,10 @@ bool KeyboardController::InjectRemoteKey(int key_code, bool is_down,
       action.k.flag = is_down ? KeyFlag::key_down : KeyFlag::key_up;
       if (!json.is_discarded() &&
           IsTransientSecureDesktopInputFailure(json, action)) {
-        LOG_INFO("Secure desktop keyboard injection transient failure, "
-                 "key_code={}, is_down={}, response={}",
-                 key_code, is_down, response);
+        LOG_INFO(
+            "Secure desktop keyboard injection transient failure, "
+            "key_code={}, is_down={}, response={}",
+            key_code, is_down, response);
         return true;
       }
 
@@ -241,19 +251,20 @@ bool KeyboardController::InjectRemoteKey(int key_code, bool is_down,
     return true;
   }
 #endif
+  // Recheck after the desktop query; key-up cleanup remains allowed while paused.
   return owner_.devices_.SendKeyboardCommand(key_code, is_down, scan_code,
                                              extended);
 }
 
-void KeyboardController::ApplyRemoteEvent(const std::string &remote_id,
-                                          const RemoteAction &action) {
+void KeyboardController::ApplyRemoteEvent(const std::string& remote_id,
+                                          const RemoteAction& action) {
   const int key_code = static_cast<int>(action.k.key_value);
   const bool is_down = action.k.flag == KeyFlag::key_down;
   const bool injected =
       InjectRemoteKey(key_code, is_down, action.k.scan_code, action.k.extended);
 
   std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(remote_states_mutex_);
-  auto &state = remote_states_[remote_id];
+  auto& state = remote_states_[remote_id];
   state.last_seen_tick = static_cast<uint32_t>(SDL_GetTicks());
   if (is_down && injected) {
     state.pressed_keys[key_code] =
@@ -263,13 +274,13 @@ void KeyboardController::ApplyRemoteEvent(const std::string &remote_id,
   }
 }
 
-void KeyboardController::ApplyRemoteState(const std::string &remote_id,
-                                          const RemoteAction &action) {
+void KeyboardController::ApplyRemoteState(const std::string& remote_id,
+                                          const RemoteAction& action) {
   std::vector<PressedKey> keys_to_release;
   std::vector<PressedKey> keys_to_press;
   {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(remote_states_mutex_);
-    auto &state = remote_states_[remote_id];
+    auto& state = remote_states_[remote_id];
     if (action.ks.seq != 0 && state.last_seq != 0 &&
         static_cast<int32_t>(action.ks.seq - state.last_seq) <= 0) {
       return;
@@ -283,24 +294,24 @@ void KeyboardController::ApplyRemoteState(const std::string &remote_id,
     const size_t count =
         (std::min)(action.ks.pressed_count, kMaxKeyboardStateKeys);
     for (size_t index = 0; index < count; ++index) {
-      const auto &key = action.ks.pressed_keys[index];
+      const auto& key = action.ks.pressed_keys[index];
       const int key_code = static_cast<int>(key.key_value);
       desired_keys[key_code] =
           PressedKey{key_code, key.scan_code, key.extended};
     }
-    for (const auto &[key_code, key] : state.pressed_keys) {
+    for (const auto& [key_code, key] : state.pressed_keys) {
       if (desired_keys.find(key_code) == desired_keys.end()) {
         keys_to_release.push_back(key);
       }
     }
-    for (const auto &[key_code, key] : desired_keys) {
+    for (const auto& [key_code, key] : desired_keys) {
       if (state.pressed_keys.find(key_code) == state.pressed_keys.end()) {
         keys_to_press.push_back(key);
       }
     }
   }
 
-  for (const PressedKey &key : keys_to_release) {
+  for (const PressedKey& key : keys_to_release) {
     if (InjectRemoteKey(key.key_code, false, key.scan_code, key.extended)) {
       std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(remote_states_mutex_);
       const auto state_it = remote_states_.find(remote_id);
@@ -309,7 +320,7 @@ void KeyboardController::ApplyRemoteState(const std::string &remote_id,
       }
     }
   }
-  for (const PressedKey &key : keys_to_press) {
+  for (const PressedKey& key : keys_to_press) {
     if (InjectRemoteKey(key.key_code, true, key.scan_code, key.extended)) {
       std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(remote_states_mutex_);
       remote_states_[remote_id].pressed_keys[key.key_code] = key;
@@ -317,8 +328,8 @@ void KeyboardController::ApplyRemoteState(const std::string &remote_id,
   }
 }
 
-void KeyboardController::ReleaseRemotePressedKeys(const std::string &remote_id,
-                                                  const char *reason) {
+void KeyboardController::ReleaseRemotePressedKeys(const std::string& remote_id,
+                                                  const char* reason) {
   std::vector<PressedKey> keys_to_release;
   {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(remote_states_mutex_);
@@ -326,7 +337,7 @@ void KeyboardController::ReleaseRemotePressedKeys(const std::string &remote_id,
     if (state_it == remote_states_.end()) {
       return;
     }
-    for (const auto &[_, key] : state_it->second.pressed_keys) {
+    for (const auto& [_, key] : state_it->second.pressed_keys) {
       keys_to_release.push_back(key);
     }
     remote_states_.erase(state_it);
@@ -336,17 +347,56 @@ void KeyboardController::ReleaseRemotePressedKeys(const std::string &remote_id,
     LOG_WARN("Releasing {} remote keyboard keys for remote_id={}, reason={}",
              keys_to_release.size(), remote_id, reason ? reason : "unknown");
   }
-  for (const PressedKey &key : keys_to_release) {
-    InjectRemoteKey(key.key_code, false, key.scan_code, key.extended);
+  for (const PressedKey& key : keys_to_release) {
+    if (!InjectRemoteKey(key.key_code, false, key.scan_code, key.extended)) {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+      if (owner_.privacy_.Engaged()) {
+        std::lock_guard lock(remote_states_mutex_);
+        pending_privacy_releases_[key.key_code] = key;
+      }
+#endif
+    }
   }
 }
 
+void KeyboardController::ReleaseAllRemotePressedKeys(const char* reason) {
+  std::vector<std::string> remotes;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard lock(remote_states_mutex_);
+    for (const auto& [id, state] : remote_states_) remotes.push_back(id);
+  }
+  for (const auto& id : remotes) ReleaseRemotePressedKeys(id, reason);
+  CheckRemoteTimeouts();
+}
+
 void KeyboardController::CheckRemoteTimeouts() {
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  bool pending = false;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard lock(remote_states_mutex_);
+    pending = !pending_privacy_releases_.empty();
+  }
+  // A key-up rejected on the secure desktop is retained until the ordinary
+  // desktop returns. Never route cleanup through the security UI helper.
+  if (pending && IsWindowsPrivacyDesktopAvailable()) {
+    std::unordered_map<int, PressedKey> releases;
+    {
+      std::lock_guard lock(remote_states_mutex_);
+      releases.swap(pending_privacy_releases_);
+    }
+    for (const auto& [code, key] : releases) {
+      if (!owner_.devices_.SendKeyboardCommand(code, false, key.scan_code, key.extended)) {
+        std::lock_guard lock(remote_states_mutex_);
+        pending_privacy_releases_[code] = key;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+#endif
   const uint32_t now = static_cast<uint32_t>(SDL_GetTicks());
   std::vector<std::string> timed_out_remotes;
   {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(remote_states_mutex_);
-    for (const auto &[remote_id, state] : remote_states_) {
+    for (const auto& [remote_id, state] : remote_states_) {
       if (state.keyboard_state_seen && !state.pressed_keys.empty() &&
           state.last_seen_tick != 0 &&
           now - state.last_seen_tick > kRemoteReleaseTimeoutMs) {
@@ -354,9 +404,9 @@ void KeyboardController::CheckRemoteTimeouts() {
       }
     }
   }
-  for (const std::string &remote_id : timed_out_remotes) {
+  for (const std::string& remote_id : timed_out_remotes) {
     ReleaseRemotePressedKeys(remote_id, "keyboard_heartbeat_timeout");
   }
 }
 
-} // namespace crossdesk
+}  // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/gui/features/input/keyboard_controller.h

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
 
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
 #include "device_controller.h"
 
 namespace crossdesk {
@@ -28,6 +30,7 @@ public:
                         const RemoteAction &remote_action);
   void ReleaseRemotePressedKeys(const std::string &remote_id,
                                 const char *reason);
+  void ReleaseAllRemotePressedKeys(const char* reason);
   void CheckRemoteTimeouts();
 
 private:
@@ -56,6 +59,9 @@ private:
   uint32_t last_heartbeat_tick_ = 0;
   std::unordered_map<std::string, RemoteState> remote_states_;
   std::mutex remote_states_mutex_;
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  std::unordered_map<int, PressedKey> pending_privacy_releases_;
+#endif
 };
 
 } // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/gui/features/settings/settings_manager.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,610 @@
+#include "features/settings/settings_manager.h"
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <exception>
+#include <filesystem>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#include <io.h>
+#include <windows.h>
+#else
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#endif
+
+#include "localization.h"
+#include "rd_log.h"
+#include "runtime/gui_runtime.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+namespace {
+
+constexpr uint32_t kCacheV3Magic = 0x33444358;  // "XCD3"
+constexpr uint32_t kCacheV3Version = 3;
+
+template <size_t Size>
+void CopyString(char (&destination)[Size], const char *source) {
+  static_assert(Size > 0);
+  std::memset(destination, 0, Size);
+  if (source) {
+    std::strncpy(destination, source, Size - 1);
+  }
+}
+
+uint32_t CacheChecksum(const void *data, size_t size) {
+  const auto *bytes = static_cast<const unsigned char *>(data);
+  uint32_t hash = 2166136261u;
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
+    hash ^= bytes[i];
+    hash *= 16777619u;
+  }
+  return hash;
+}
+
+std::filesystem::path TemporaryPathFor(
+    const std::filesystem::path &target) {
+  const auto timestamp = std::chrono::steady_clock::now()
+                             .time_since_epoch()
+                             .count();
+  const auto thread_id =
+      std::hash<std::thread::id>{}(std::this_thread::get_id());
+  std::filesystem::path temporary = target;
+  temporary += ".tmp-" + std::to_string(timestamp) + "-" +
+               std::to_string(thread_id);
+  return temporary;
+}
+
+bool FlushFileToDisk(FILE *file) {
+  if (!file || std::fflush(file) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+  return _commit(_fileno(file)) == 0;
+#else
+  return fsync(fileno(file)) == 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+bool ReplaceFileAtomically(const std::filesystem::path &temporary,
+                           const std::filesystem::path &target) {
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+  return MoveFileExW(temporary.c_str(), target.c_str(),
+                     MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING | MOVEFILE_WRITE_THROUGH) != 0;
+#else
+  if (::rename(temporary.c_str(), target.c_str()) != 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const std::filesystem::path parent = target.parent_path().empty()
+                                           ? std::filesystem::path(".")
+                                           : target.parent_path();
+  int directory_flags = O_RDONLY;
+#if defined(O_DIRECTORY)
+  directory_flags |= O_DIRECTORY;
+#endif
+  const int directory = open(parent.c_str(), directory_flags);
+  if (directory >= 0) {
+    const bool synced = fsync(directory) == 0;
+    close(directory);
+    return synced;
+  }
+  return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+bool WriteFileAtomically(const std::filesystem::path &target,
+                         const void *data, size_t size) {
+  std::error_code ec;
+  const std::filesystem::path parent = target.parent_path();
+  if (!parent.empty()) {
+    std::filesystem::create_directories(parent, ec);
+    if (ec) {
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  const std::filesystem::path temporary = TemporaryPathFor(target);
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+  FILE *file = _wfopen(temporary.c_str(), L"wb");
+#else
+  FILE *file = std::fopen(temporary.c_str(), "wb");
+#endif
+  if (!file) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const bool written = std::fwrite(data, 1, size, file) == size;
+  const bool flushed = written && FlushFileToDisk(file);
+  const bool closed = std::fclose(file) == 0;
+  if (!written || !flushed || !closed ||
+      !ReplaceFileAtomically(temporary, target)) {
+    std::filesystem::remove(temporary, ec);
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+SettingsManager::SettingsManager(GuiRuntime &owner) : owner_(owner) {}
+
+int SettingsManager::Save() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cache_mutex_);
+  return SaveLocked();
+}
+
+int SettingsManager::SaveLocked() {
+  CopyString(cache_v2_.client_id_with_password,
+             owner_.client_id_with_password_);
+  std::memcpy(cache_v2_.key, owner_.aes128_key_, sizeof(owner_.aes128_key_));
+  std::memcpy(cache_v2_.iv, owner_.aes128_iv_, sizeof(owner_.aes128_iv_));
+  CopyString(cache_v2_.self_hosted_id, owner_.self_hosted_id_);
+
+  cache_v3_.magic = kCacheV3Magic;
+  cache_v3_.version = kCacheV3Version;
+  cache_v3_.base = cache_v2_;
+  cache_v3_.pending_identity[sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_identity) - 1] = '\0';
+  cache_v3_.pending_server_host[sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_server_host) - 1] =
+      '\0';
+  cache_v3_.pending_request_id[sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_request_id) - 1] =
+      '\0';
+  cache_v3_.checksum =
+      CacheChecksum(&cache_v3_, offsetof(CacheV3, checksum));
+
+  if (!WriteFileAtomically(owner_.cache_path_ + "/secure_cache_v3.enc",
+                           &cache_v3_, sizeof(cache_v3_))) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  if (!WriteFileAtomically(owner_.cache_path_ + "/secure_cache_v2.enc",
+                           &cache_v2_, sizeof(cache_v2_))) {
+    LOG_WARN("Failed to update legacy v2 credential cache");
+  }
+
+  // Keep writing the legacy cache while older installations may still read it.
+  CopyString(cache_v1_.client_id_with_password,
+             owner_.client_id_with_password_);
+  std::memcpy(cache_v1_.key, owner_.aes128_key_, sizeof(owner_.aes128_key_));
+  std::memcpy(cache_v1_.iv, owner_.aes128_iv_, sizeof(owner_.aes128_iv_));
+  if (!WriteFileAtomically(owner_.cache_path_ + "/secure_cache.enc",
+                           &cache_v1_, sizeof(cache_v1_))) {
+    LOG_WARN("Failed to update legacy v1 credential cache");
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+
+bool SettingsManager::ReadV3Locked() {
+  std::ifstream cache_file(owner_.cache_path_ + "/secure_cache_v3.enc",
+                           std::ios::binary);
+  if (!cache_file) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  CacheV3 loaded{};
+  cache_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&loaded), sizeof(loaded));
+  if (cache_file.gcount() != static_cast<std::streamsize>(sizeof(loaded)) ||
+      loaded.magic != kCacheV3Magic ||
+      loaded.version != kCacheV3Version ||
+      loaded.checksum != CacheChecksum(&loaded, offsetof(CacheV3, checksum))) {
+    LOG_WARN("Ignore invalid v3 credential cache");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  loaded.base.client_id_with_password
+      [sizeof(loaded.base.client_id_with_password) - 1] = '\0';
+  loaded.base.self_hosted_id[sizeof(loaded.base.self_hosted_id) - 1] = '\0';
+  loaded.pending_identity[sizeof(loaded.pending_identity) - 1] = '\0';
+  loaded.pending_server_host[sizeof(loaded.pending_server_host) - 1] = '\0';
+  loaded.pending_request_id[sizeof(loaded.pending_request_id) - 1] = '\0';
+  cache_v3_ = loaded;
+  cache_v2_ = loaded.base;
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool SettingsManager::ReadV2Locked() {
+  std::ifstream cache_v2_file(owner_.cache_path_ + "/secure_cache_v2.enc",
+                              std::ios::binary);
+  if (!cache_v2_file) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  cache_v2_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&cache_v2_), sizeof(cache_v2_));
+  if (cache_v2_file.gcount() !=
+      static_cast<std::streamsize>(sizeof(cache_v2_))) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  cache_v2_
+      .client_id_with_password[sizeof(cache_v2_.client_id_with_password) - 1] =
+      '\0';
+  cache_v2_.self_hosted_id[sizeof(cache_v2_.self_hosted_id) - 1] = '\0';
+  return true;
+}
+
+int SettingsManager::Load() {
+  std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(cache_mutex_);
+
+  const bool loaded_v3 = ReadV3Locked();
+  if (loaded_v3 || ReadV2Locked()) {
+    CopyString(owner_.client_id_with_password_,
+               cache_v2_.client_id_with_password);
+    CopyString(owner_.self_hosted_id_, cache_v2_.self_hosted_id);
+    std::memcpy(owner_.aes128_key_, cache_v2_.key, sizeof(cache_v2_.key));
+    std::memcpy(owner_.aes128_iv_, cache_v2_.iv, sizeof(cache_v2_.iv));
+    if (loaded_v3) {
+      LOG_INFO("Load settings from v3 cache file");
+    } else {
+      cache_v3_ = {};
+      SaveLocked();
+      LOG_INFO("Migrated settings from v2 to v3 cache file");
+    }
+  } else {
+    std::ifstream cache_v1_file(owner_.cache_path_ + "/secure_cache.enc",
+                                std::ios::binary);
+    if (!cache_v1_file) {
+      lock.unlock();
+
+      std::memset(owner_.password_saved_, 0, sizeof(owner_.password_saved_));
+      std::memset(owner_.aes128_key_, 0, sizeof(owner_.aes128_key_));
+      std::memset(owner_.aes128_iv_, 0, sizeof(owner_.aes128_iv_));
+      std::memset(owner_.self_hosted_id_, 0, sizeof(owner_.self_hosted_id_));
+
+      owner_.thumbnail_ =
+          std::make_shared<Thumbnail>(owner_.cache_path_ + "/thumbnails/");
+      owner_.thumbnail_->GetKeyAndIv(owner_.aes128_key_, owner_.aes128_iv_);
+      owner_.thumbnail_->DeleteAllFilesInDirectory();
+
+      Save();
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+    cache_v1_file.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&cache_v1_), sizeof(cache_v1_));
+    cache_v1_
+        .client_id_with_password[sizeof(cache_v1_.client_id_with_password) -
+                                 1] = '\0';
+
+    CopyString(cache_v2_.client_id_with_password,
+               cache_v1_.client_id_with_password);
+    std::memcpy(cache_v2_.key, cache_v1_.key, sizeof(cache_v1_.key));
+    std::memcpy(cache_v2_.iv, cache_v1_.iv, sizeof(cache_v1_.iv));
+    std::memset(cache_v2_.self_hosted_id, 0, sizeof(cache_v2_.self_hosted_id));
+
+    CopyString(owner_.client_id_with_password_,
+               cache_v1_.client_id_with_password);
+    std::memset(owner_.self_hosted_id_, 0, sizeof(owner_.self_hosted_id_));
+    std::memcpy(owner_.aes128_key_, cache_v1_.key, sizeof(cache_v1_.key));
+    std::memcpy(owner_.aes128_iv_, cache_v1_.iv, sizeof(cache_v1_.iv));
+
+    cache_v3_ = {};
+    SaveLocked();
+    LOG_INFO("Migrated settings from v1 to v3 cache file");
+  }
+
+  lock.unlock();
+
+  ActivateCachedPublicIdentity();
+
+  owner_.thumbnail_ =
+      std::make_shared<Thumbnail>(owner_.cache_path_ + "/thumbnails/",
+                                  owner_.aes128_key_, owner_.aes128_iv_);
+
+  owner_.language_button_value_ = localization::detail::ClampLanguageIndex(
+      static_cast<int>(owner_.config_center_->GetLanguage()));
+  owner_.video_quality_button_value_ =
+      static_cast<int>(owner_.config_center_->GetVideoQuality());
+  owner_.video_frame_rate_button_value_ =
+      static_cast<int>(owner_.config_center_->GetVideoFrameRate());
+  owner_.video_adaptation_policy_button_value_ =
+      static_cast<int>(owner_.config_center_->GetVideoAdaptationPolicy());
+  owner_.video_encode_format_button_value_ =
+      static_cast<int>(owner_.config_center_->GetVideoEncodeFormat());
+  owner_.enable_hardware_video_codec_ =
+      owner_.config_center_->IsHardwareVideoCodec();
+  owner_.enable_turn_ = owner_.config_center_->IsEnableTurn();
+  owner_.enable_self_hosted_ = owner_.config_center_->IsSelfHosted();
+  owner_.enable_autostart_ = owner_.config_center_->IsEnableAutostart();
+  owner_.enable_daemon_ = owner_.config_center_->IsEnableDaemon();
+#if _WIN32 && CROSSDESK_PORTABLE
+  owner_.portable_service_prompt_suppressed_ =
+      owner_.config_center_->IsPortableServicePromptSuppressed();
+  owner_.portable_service_do_not_remind_ =
+      owner_.portable_service_prompt_suppressed_;
+#endif
+
+  const std::string saved_path =
+      owner_.config_center_->GetFileTransferSavePath();
+  CopyString(owner_.file_transfer_save_path_buf_, saved_path.c_str());
+  owner_.file_transfer_save_path_last_ = saved_path;
+
+  owner_.language_button_value_last_ = owner_.language_button_value_;
+  owner_.video_quality_button_value_last_ = owner_.video_quality_button_value_;
+  owner_.video_frame_rate_button_value_last_ =
+      owner_.video_frame_rate_button_value_;
+  owner_.video_adaptation_policy_button_value_last_ =
+      owner_.video_adaptation_policy_button_value_;
+  owner_.video_encode_format_button_value_last_ =
+      owner_.video_encode_format_button_value_;
+  owner_.enable_hardware_video_codec_last_ =
+      owner_.enable_hardware_video_codec_;
+  owner_.enable_turn_last_ = owner_.enable_turn_;
+  owner_.enable_self_hosted_last_ = owner_.enable_self_hosted_;
+  owner_.enable_autostart_last_ = owner_.enable_autostart_;
+
+  LOG_INFO("Load settings from cache file");
+  return 0;
+}
+
+bool SettingsManager::LoadCachedSelfHostedIdentity() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cache_mutex_);
+  if ((!ReadV3Locked() && !ReadV2Locked()) ||
+      cache_v2_.self_hosted_id[0] == '\0') {
+    std::memset(owner_.self_hosted_id_, 0, sizeof(owner_.self_hosted_id_));
+    std::memset(owner_.client_id_, 0, sizeof(owner_.client_id_));
+    std::memset(owner_.password_saved_, 0, sizeof(owner_.password_saved_));
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  CopyString(owner_.self_hosted_id_, cache_v2_.self_hosted_id);
+  const char *at_pos = std::strchr(owner_.self_hosted_id_, '@');
+  if (at_pos == nullptr) {
+    CopyString(owner_.client_id_, owner_.self_hosted_id_);
+    std::memset(owner_.password_saved_, 0, sizeof(owner_.password_saved_));
+  } else {
+    const std::string id(owner_.self_hosted_id_,
+                         at_pos - owner_.self_hosted_id_);
+    CopyString(owner_.client_id_, id.c_str());
+    CopyString(owner_.password_saved_, at_pos + 1);
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool SettingsManager::ActivateCachedPublicIdentity() {
+  if (owner_.client_id_with_password_[0] == '\0') {
+    std::memset(owner_.client_id_, 0, sizeof(owner_.client_id_));
+    std::memset(owner_.password_saved_, 0, sizeof(owner_.password_saved_));
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  const char *at_pos = std::strchr(owner_.client_id_with_password_, '@');
+  if (at_pos == nullptr) {
+    CopyString(owner_.client_id_, owner_.client_id_with_password_);
+    std::memset(owner_.password_saved_, 0, sizeof(owner_.password_saved_));
+  } else {
+    const std::string id(owner_.client_id_with_password_,
+                         at_pos - owner_.client_id_with_password_);
+    CopyString(owner_.client_id_, id.c_str());
+    CopyString(owner_.password_saved_, at_pos + 1);
+  }
+  return owner_.client_id_[0] != '\0';
+}
+
+void SettingsManager::ActivateIdentity(const char *identity,
+                                       bool self_hosted) {
+  if (!identity) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (self_hosted) {
+    CopyString(owner_.self_hosted_id_, identity);
+  } else {
+    CopyString(owner_.client_id_with_password_, identity);
+  }
+
+  const char *at_pos = std::strchr(identity, '@');
+  if (at_pos == nullptr) {
+    CopyString(owner_.client_id_, identity);
+    std::memset(owner_.password_saved_, 0, sizeof(owner_.password_saved_));
+    return;
+  }
+
+  const std::string id(identity, at_pos - identity);
+  CopyString(owner_.client_id_, id.c_str());
+  CopyString(owner_.password_saved_, at_pos + 1);
+}
+
+bool SettingsManager::StagePendingPasswordChange(
+    const std::string &identity, bool self_hosted,
+    const std::string &server_host, int server_port,
+    const std::string &request_id) {
+  if (identity.empty() || identity.size() >= sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_identity) ||
+      server_host.empty() ||
+      server_host.size() >= sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_server_host) ||
+      server_port <= 0 || request_id.empty() ||
+      request_id.size() >= sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_request_id)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cache_mutex_);
+  if (cache_v3_.pending_identity[0] != '\0' &&
+      (cache_v3_.pending_self_hosted != self_hosted ||
+       cache_v3_.pending_server_port != server_port ||
+       server_host != cache_v3_.pending_server_host ||
+       request_id != cache_v3_.pending_request_id)) {
+    LOG_WARN("Refuse to overwrite an unresolved password change");
+    return false;
+  }
+  const CacheV3 previous = cache_v3_;
+  CopyString(cache_v3_.pending_identity, identity.c_str());
+  CopyString(cache_v3_.pending_server_host, server_host.c_str());
+  cache_v3_.pending_server_port = server_port;
+  cache_v3_.pending_self_hosted = self_hosted;
+  CopyString(cache_v3_.pending_request_id, request_id.c_str());
+  if (SaveLocked() != 0) {
+    cache_v3_ = previous;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+std::string SettingsManager::PendingPasswordChangeIdentity(
+    bool self_hosted, const std::string &server_host, int server_port) const {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cache_mutex_);
+  if (cache_v3_.pending_identity[0] == '\0' ||
+      cache_v3_.pending_self_hosted != self_hosted ||
+      cache_v3_.pending_server_port != server_port ||
+      server_host != cache_v3_.pending_server_host) {
+    return {};
+  }
+  return cache_v3_.pending_identity;
+}
+
+bool SettingsManager::PromotePendingPasswordChange() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cache_mutex_);
+  if (cache_v3_.pending_identity[0] == '\0') {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const CacheV3 previous = cache_v3_;
+  const std::string identity = cache_v3_.pending_identity;
+  const bool self_hosted = cache_v3_.pending_self_hosted;
+  ActivateIdentity(identity.c_str(), self_hosted);
+  std::memset(cache_v3_.pending_identity, 0,
+              sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_identity));
+  std::memset(cache_v3_.pending_server_host, 0,
+              sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_server_host));
+  cache_v3_.pending_server_port = 0;
+  cache_v3_.pending_self_hosted = false;
+  std::memset(cache_v3_.pending_request_id, 0,
+              sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_request_id));
+  if (SaveLocked() != 0) {
+    // The already-durable pending credential remains the recovery source on
+    // disk. Keep it in memory as well so a reconnect in this process retries
+    // the credential that the server has accepted.
+    cache_v3_ = previous;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+bool SettingsManager::ClearPendingPasswordChange() {
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cache_mutex_);
+  if (cache_v3_.pending_identity[0] == '\0') {
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  const CacheV3 previous = cache_v3_;
+  std::memset(cache_v3_.pending_identity, 0,
+              sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_identity));
+  std::memset(cache_v3_.pending_server_host, 0,
+              sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_server_host));
+  cache_v3_.pending_server_port = 0;
+  cache_v3_.pending_self_hosted = false;
+  std::memset(cache_v3_.pending_request_id, 0,
+              sizeof(cache_v3_.pending_request_id));
+  if (SaveLocked() != 0) {
+    cache_v3_ = previous;
+    return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+void SettingsManager::PersistSelfHostedIdentity(const char *client_id) {
+  if (!client_id) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(cache_mutex_);
+  CopyString(owner_.self_hosted_id_, client_id);
+  if (SaveLocked() != 0) {
+    LOG_ERROR("Failed to persist self-hosted identity atomically");
+  }
+}
+
+int SettingsManager::LoadRecentConnectionAliases() {
+  recent_connection_aliases_.clear();
+
+  std::ifstream alias_file(owner_.cache_path_ +
+                           "/recent_connection_aliases.json");
+  if (!alias_file.good()) {
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  try {
+    nlohmann::json alias_json;
+    alias_file >> alias_json;
+
+    const nlohmann::json *aliases = &alias_json;
+    if (alias_json.contains("aliases") && alias_json["aliases"].is_object()) {
+      aliases = &alias_json["aliases"];
+    }
+    if (!aliases->is_object()) {
+      LOG_WARN("Invalid recent connection alias file");
+      return -1;
+    }
+
+    for (auto it = aliases->begin(); it != aliases->end(); ++it) {
+      if (it.value().is_string()) {
+        const std::string remote_id = it.key();
+        const std::string alias = it.value().get<std::string>();
+        if (!remote_id.empty() && !alias.empty()) {
+          recent_connection_aliases_[remote_id] = alias;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  } catch (const std::exception &e) {
+    LOG_WARN("Load recent connection aliases failed: {}", e.what());
+    return -1;
+  }
+  return 0;
+}
+
+int SettingsManager::SaveRecentConnectionAliases() const {
+  std::error_code ec;
+  std::filesystem::create_directories(owner_.cache_path_, ec);
+  if (ec) {
+    LOG_WARN("Create cache directory failed while saving aliases: {}",
+             ec.message());
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  nlohmann::json alias_json;
+  alias_json["aliases"] = nlohmann::json::object();
+  for (const auto &[remote_id, alias] : recent_connection_aliases_) {
+    if (!remote_id.empty() && !alias.empty()) {
+      alias_json["aliases"][remote_id] = alias;
+    }
+  }
+
+  std::ofstream alias_file(
+      owner_.cache_path_ + "/recent_connection_aliases.json", std::ios::trunc);
+  if (!alias_file.good()) {
+    LOG_WARN("Open recent connection alias file failed");
+    return -1;
+  }
+  alias_file << alias_json.dump(2);
+  return 0;
+}
+
+std::string SettingsManager::RecentConnectionDisplayName(
+    const Thumbnail::RecentConnection &connection) const {
+  const auto alias_it = recent_connection_aliases_.find(connection.remote_id);
+  if (alias_it != recent_connection_aliases_.end() &&
+      !alias_it->second.empty()) {
+    return alias_it->second;
+  }
+  if (!connection.remote_host_name.empty() &&
+      connection.remote_host_name != "unknown") {
+    return connection.remote_host_name;
+  }
+  return connection.remote_id;
+}
+
+void SettingsManager::SetRecentConnectionAlias(const std::string &remote_id,
+                                               const std::string &alias) {
+  if (!remote_id.empty()) {
+    recent_connection_aliases_[remote_id] = alias;
+  }
+}
+
+void SettingsManager::EraseRecentConnectionAlias(const std::string &remote_id) {
+  recent_connection_aliases_.erase(remote_id);
+}
+
+} // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/gui/features/settings/settings_manager.h

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef CROSSDESK_GUI_SETTINGS_MANAGER_H_
 #define CROSSDESK_GUI_SETTINGS_MANAGER_H_
 
+#include <cstdint>
 #include <mutex>
 #include <string>
 #include <unordered_map>
@@ -24,8 +25,6 @@ public:
   int SaveRecentConnectionAliases() const;
   std::string RecentConnectionDisplayName(
       const Thumbnail::RecentConnection &connection) const;
-  void
-  BeginEditRecentConnectionAlias(const Thumbnail::RecentConnection &connection);
   void SetRecentConnectionAlias(const std::string &remote_id,
                                 const std::string &alias);
   void EraseRecentConnectionAlias(const std::string &remote_id);
@@ -33,8 +32,28 @@ public:
   // Loads the cached self-hosted identity into the owner's active connection
   // fields. Returns true only when a non-empty identity was restored.
   bool LoadCachedSelfHostedIdentity();
+  // Restores the public-server identity kept in the in-memory cache fields.
+  // This must run when switching away from a self-hosted server so signal
+  // callbacks are matched against the identity used by the replacement peer.
+  bool ActivateCachedPublicIdentity();
   void PersistSelfHostedIdentity(const char *client_id);
 
+  // Password rotation is deliberately persisted in two phases. The active
+  // credential remains usable while the pending credential records the value
+  // that may already have been committed by the server. On the next launch the
+  // caller can try the pending credential first and safely fall back to the
+  // active credential when the request never reached the server.
+  bool StagePendingPasswordChange(const std::string &identity,
+                                  bool self_hosted,
+                                  const std::string &server_host,
+                                  int server_port,
+                                  const std::string &request_id);
+  std::string PendingPasswordChangeIdentity(
+      bool self_hosted, const std::string &server_host,
+      int server_port) const;
+  bool PromotePendingPasswordChange();
+  bool ClearPendingPasswordChange();
+
 private:
   struct CacheV1 {
     char client_id_with_password[17];
@@ -63,12 +82,27 @@ private:
     char self_hosted_id[17];
   };
 
+  struct CacheV3 {
+    uint32_t magic;
+    uint32_t version;
+    CacheV2 base;
+    char pending_identity[17];
+    char pending_server_host[256];
+    int pending_server_port;
+    bool pending_self_hosted;
+    char pending_request_id[64];
+    uint32_t checksum;
+  };
+
   int SaveLocked();
+  bool ReadV3Locked();
   bool ReadV2Locked();
+  void ActivateIdentity(const char *identity, bool self_hosted);
 
   GuiRuntime &owner_;
   CacheV1 cache_v1_{};
   CacheV2 cache_v2_{};
+  CacheV3 cache_v3_{};
   mutable std::mutex cache_mutex_;
   std::unordered_map<std::string, std::string> recent_connection_aliases_;
 };

apps/desktop/src/gui/render.h

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
-#ifndef CROSSDESK_GUI_RENDER_H_
-#define CROSSDESK_GUI_RENDER_H_
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _RENDER_H_
+#define _RENDER_H_
 
 #include <memory>
 
@@ -7,7 +13,7 @@ namespace crossdesk {
 
 class GuiApplication;
 
-// Stable application-facing facade. The SDL application and feature
+// Stable application-facing facade. The Slint application and feature
 // controllers remain private implementation details.
 class Render {
 public:
@@ -25,4 +31,4 @@ private:
 
 } // namespace crossdesk
 
-#endif // CROSSDESK_GUI_RENDER_H_
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/rendering/slint_video_presenter.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,499 @@
+#include "rendering/slint_video_presenter.h"
+
+#include <libyuv.h>
+#include <slint.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "nv12_scaler.h"
+#include "platform/video_renderer.h"
+#include "rd_log.h"
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+#include "platform/macos/gui/metal_video_renderer.h"
+#else
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#include <windows.h>
+#endif
+#include <GL/gl.h>
+
+#include "platform/common/gui/opengl_video_renderer.h"
+#endif
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+namespace {
+
+#if !defined(__APPLE__)
+constexpr GLint kGlClampToEdge = 0x812F;
+constexpr float kStreamWindowCornerRadius = 12.0f;
+#else
+constexpr int kMetalAttachmentAttemptLimit = 30;
+#endif
+
+struct VideoRenderSize {
+  int width = 0;
+  int height = 0;
+
+  bool operator==(const VideoRenderSize&) const = default;
+};
+
+VideoRenderSize FitVideoToRenderArea(int source_width, int source_height,
+                                     int area_width, int area_height) {
+  if (source_width <= 0 || source_height <= 0 || area_width <= 0 ||
+      area_height <= 0) {
+    return {};
+  }
+
+  const double scale =
+      std::min({1.0, static_cast<double>(area_width) / source_width,
+                static_cast<double>(area_height) / source_height});
+  int width = std::max(2, static_cast<int>(std::floor(source_width * scale)));
+  int height = std::max(2, static_cast<int>(std::floor(source_height * scale)));
+
+  width &= ~1;
+  height &= ~1;
+  return {std::min(width, source_width & ~1),
+          std::min(height, source_height & ~1)};
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+struct SlintVideoPresenter::Impl {
+  explicit Impl(VideoRenderer& renderer) : renderer(renderer) {}
+
+  VideoRenderer& renderer;
+  slint::ComponentHandle<ui::StreamWindow>* stream = nullptr;
+  StateProvider state_provider;
+  DirtyCallback dirty_callback;
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, uint64_t> displayed_frame_sequence;
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, uint64_t> seeded_frame_sequence;
+  std::vector<uint8_t> scaled_video_frame;
+  std::vector<uint8_t> scaled_video_frame_scratch;
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+  int attachment_attempts = 0;
+  bool skip_attachment_once = false;
+#else
+  std::mutex gl_mutex;
+  std::vector<uint8_t> gl_conversion_frame;
+  std::vector<uint8_t> gl_pending_frame;
+  uint32_t gl_texture = 0;
+  VideoRenderSize gl_texture_size;
+  VideoRenderSize gl_image_size;
+  VideoRenderSize gl_pending_size;
+  bool gl_pending_dirty = false;
+#endif
+
+  SurfaceState CurrentState() const {
+    return state_provider ? state_provider() : SurfaceState{};
+  }
+
+  void MarkDirty() const {
+    if (dirty_callback) {
+      dirty_callback();
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool MarkPresented(const std::string& remote_id, uint64_t sequence) {
+    if (remote_id.empty() || sequence == 0 ||
+        displayed_frame_sequence[remote_id] == sequence) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    displayed_frame_sequence[remote_id] = sequence;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+#if !defined(__APPLE__)
+  void ConfigureOpenGlNotifier() {
+    if (!stream) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const auto error = (*stream)->window().set_rendering_notifier(
+        [this](slint::RenderingState state, slint::GraphicsAPI graphics_api) {
+          if (graphics_api != slint::GraphicsAPI::NativeOpenGL) {
+            return;
+          }
+
+          std::lock_guard lock(gl_mutex);
+          auto* opengl_renderer =
+              dynamic_cast<OpenGlVideoRenderer*>(&renderer);
+          if (state == slint::RenderingState::RenderingSetup) {
+            GLuint texture = 0;
+            glGenTextures(1, &texture);
+            if (texture == 0) {
+              return;
+            }
+            GLint previous_texture = 0;
+            glGetIntegerv(GL_TEXTURE_BINDING_2D, &previous_texture);
+            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
+            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, kGlClampToEdge);
+            glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, kGlClampToEdge);
+            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, static_cast<GLuint>(previous_texture));
+            gl_texture = texture;
+            if (opengl_renderer && opengl_renderer->Setup()) {
+              const std::string selected_stream =
+                  CurrentState().selected_stream;
+              opengl_renderer->SetSelectedStream(selected_stream);
+              seeded_frame_sequence.erase(selected_stream);
+              MarkDirty();
+            }
+            return;
+          }
+
+          if (state == slint::RenderingState::BeforeRendering && stream &&
+              opengl_renderer && opengl_renderer->IsReady() &&
+              (*stream)->get_native_video_enabled()) {
+            const SurfaceState surface = CurrentState();
+            const auto window_size = (*stream)->window().size();
+            const float scale_factor =
+                std::max(1.0f, (*stream)->window().scale_factor());
+            const int top_inset = static_cast<int>(std::lround(
+                (*stream)->get_video_area_top() * scale_factor));
+            const bool rounded_window = (*stream)->get_custom_titlebar() &&
+                                        !surface.fullscreen &&
+                                        !(*stream)->window().is_maximized();
+            const int corner_radius =
+                rounded_window ? static_cast<int>(std::lround(
+                                     kStreamWindowCornerRadius * scale_factor))
+                               : 0;
+            opengl_renderer->RenderLatest(
+                surface.selected_stream, static_cast<int>(window_size.width),
+                static_cast<int>(window_size.height), top_inset, corner_radius);
+            return;
+          }
+
+          if (state == slint::RenderingState::BeforeRendering &&
+              gl_texture != 0 && gl_pending_dirty &&
+              !gl_pending_frame.empty()) {
+            GLint previous_texture = 0;
+            GLint previous_unpack_alignment = 0;
+            glGetIntegerv(GL_TEXTURE_BINDING_2D, &previous_texture);
+            glGetIntegerv(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, &previous_unpack_alignment);
+            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, gl_texture);
+            glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, 1);
+            if (gl_texture_size != gl_pending_size) {
+              glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, gl_pending_size.width,
+                           gl_pending_size.height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
+                           gl_pending_frame.data());
+              gl_texture_size = gl_pending_size;
+            } else {
+              glTexSubImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0, 0, gl_pending_size.width,
+                              gl_pending_size.height, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,
+                              gl_pending_frame.data());
+            }
+            glPixelStorei(GL_UNPACK_ALIGNMENT, previous_unpack_alignment);
+            glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, static_cast<GLuint>(previous_texture));
+            gl_pending_dirty = false;
+            return;
+          }
+
+          if (state == slint::RenderingState::RenderingTeardown) {
+            if (opengl_renderer) {
+              opengl_renderer->Teardown();
+            }
+            if (gl_texture != 0) {
+              const GLuint texture = gl_texture;
+              glDeleteTextures(1, &texture);
+            }
+            gl_texture = 0;
+            gl_texture_size = {};
+            gl_image_size = {};
+            gl_pending_size = {};
+            gl_pending_dirty = false;
+            gl_pending_frame.clear();
+          }
+        });
+
+    if (error.has_value()) {
+      LOG_WARN("Slint OpenGL video renderer unavailable, using pixel buffers");
+    } else {
+      renderer.SetSelectedStream(CurrentState().selected_stream);
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+};
+
+SlintVideoPresenter::SlintVideoPresenter(VideoRenderer& renderer)
+    : impl_(std::make_unique<Impl>(renderer)) {}
+
+SlintVideoPresenter::~SlintVideoPresenter() = default;
+
+void SlintVideoPresenter::PrepareWindow(
+    slint::ComponentHandle<ui::StreamWindow>& stream,
+    StateProvider state_provider, DirtyCallback dirty_callback) {
+  impl_->stream = &stream;
+  impl_->state_provider = std::move(state_provider);
+  impl_->dirty_callback = std::move(dirty_callback);
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+  stream->set_native_video_enabled(false);
+  impl_->attachment_attempts = kMetalAttachmentAttemptLimit;
+  impl_->skip_attachment_once = true;
+#else
+  impl_->ConfigureOpenGlNotifier();
+#endif
+}
+
+bool SlintVideoPresenter::EnsureAttached() {
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+  if (!impl_->stream || impl_->attachment_attempts <= 0) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (impl_->skip_attachment_once) {
+    impl_->skip_attachment_once = false;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  auto* metal_renderer =
+      dynamic_cast<MacMetalVideoRenderer*>(&impl_->renderer);
+  if (!metal_renderer) {
+    impl_->attachment_attempts = 0;
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_native_video_enabled(false);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (!metal_renderer->IsReady()) {
+    impl_->attachment_attempts = 0;
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_native_video_enabled(false);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (metal_renderer->IsAttached()) {
+    impl_->attachment_attempts = 0;
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (void* view = (*impl_->stream)->window().appkit_view()) {
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_native_video_enabled(true);
+    if (metal_renderer->Attach(view)) {
+      impl_->attachment_attempts = 0;
+      const SurfaceState surface = impl_->CurrentState();
+      impl_->displayed_frame_sequence.erase(surface.selected_stream);
+      impl_->seeded_frame_sequence.erase(surface.selected_stream);
+      if (metal_renderer->SetSelectedStream(surface.selected_stream)) {
+        impl_->MarkDirty();
+      }
+      return true;
+    }
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_native_video_enabled(false);
+  }
+
+  if (--impl_->attachment_attempts == 0) {
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_native_video_enabled(false);
+    LOG_WARN("Unable to attach the Metal video surface; using CPU rendering");
+  }
+#endif
+  return false;
+}
+
+bool SlintVideoPresenter::NeedsRedraw() const {
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+  const auto* metal_renderer =
+      dynamic_cast<const MacMetalVideoRenderer*>(&impl_->renderer);
+  return metal_renderer && metal_renderer->IsActive() &&
+         metal_renderer->NeedsSurfaceRedraw();
+#else
+  return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+bool SlintVideoPresenter::SelectStream(std::string remote_id) {
+  const bool changed = impl_->renderer.SetSelectedStream(remote_id);
+  if (changed && !remote_id.empty()) {
+    impl_->seeded_frame_sequence.erase(remote_id);
+  }
+  return changed;
+}
+
+SlintVideoPresenter::PresentResult SlintVideoPresenter::Present(
+    const Frame& frame) {
+  PresentResult result;
+  if (!impl_->stream || frame.remote_id.empty()) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  if (impl_->renderer.IsActive() && frame.nv12 && frame.width > 0 &&
+      frame.height > 0 && frame.sequence > 0 &&
+      impl_->seeded_frame_sequence[frame.remote_id] != frame.sequence) {
+    const auto submit_result = impl_->renderer.SubmitCachedNv12(
+        frame.remote_id, frame.nv12->data(), frame.nv12->size(), frame.width,
+        frame.height);
+    if (submit_result == VideoRenderer::SubmitResult::submitted ||
+        submit_result == VideoRenderer::SubmitResult::dropped) {
+      impl_->seeded_frame_sequence[frame.remote_id] = frame.sequence;
+    }
+  }
+
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+  auto* metal_renderer =
+      dynamic_cast<MacMetalVideoRenderer*>(&impl_->renderer);
+  if (metal_renderer && metal_renderer->IsActive()) {
+    const SurfaceState surface = impl_->CurrentState();
+    const double top_inset = (*impl_->stream)->get_video_area_top();
+    const auto outcome = metal_renderer->RenderLatest(
+        frame.remote_id, top_inset, !surface.fullscreen);
+    if (outcome.result == VideoRenderer::RenderResult::rendered) {
+      (*impl_->stream)->set_has_frame(true);
+      (*impl_->stream)->set_receiving_text("");
+      result.width = outcome.width;
+      result.height = outcome.height;
+      result.new_frame =
+          impl_->MarkPresented(frame.remote_id, outcome.sequence);
+    } else if (outcome.result == VideoRenderer::RenderResult::empty) {
+      (*impl_->stream)->set_has_frame(false);
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+#else
+  auto* opengl_renderer =
+      dynamic_cast<OpenGlVideoRenderer*>(&impl_->renderer);
+  if (opengl_renderer && opengl_renderer->IsReady()) {
+    opengl_renderer->SetSelectedStream(frame.remote_id);
+    if (!(*impl_->stream)->get_native_video_enabled()) {
+      (*impl_->stream)->set_native_video_enabled(true);
+    }
+
+    const bool has_frame =
+        frame.width > 0 && frame.height > 0 && frame.sequence > 0;
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_has_frame(has_frame);
+    if (has_frame) {
+      (*impl_->stream)->set_receiving_text("");
+      result.width = frame.width;
+      result.height = frame.height;
+      result.new_frame = impl_->MarkPresented(frame.remote_id, frame.sequence);
+    }
+    (*impl_->stream)->window().request_redraw();
+    return result;
+  }
+  if ((*impl_->stream)->get_native_video_enabled()) {
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_native_video_enabled(false);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  const size_t nv12_size =
+      static_cast<size_t>(frame.width) * frame.height * 3 / 2;
+  if (!frame.nv12 || frame.width <= 0 || frame.height <= 0 ||
+      frame.nv12->size() < nv12_size) {
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_has_frame(false);
+    return result;
+  }
+  if (impl_->displayed_frame_sequence[frame.remote_id] == frame.sequence) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  const auto window_size = (*impl_->stream)->window().size();
+  const VideoRenderSize render_size = FitVideoToRenderArea(
+      frame.width, frame.height, static_cast<int>(window_size.width),
+      static_cast<int>(window_size.height));
+  const uint8_t* y_plane = frame.nv12->data();
+  const uint8_t* uv_plane =
+      frame.nv12->data() + static_cast<size_t>(frame.width) * frame.height;
+  int output_width = frame.width;
+  int output_height = frame.height;
+
+  if (render_size.width > 0 && render_size.height > 0 &&
+      (render_size.width != frame.width ||
+       render_size.height != frame.height)) {
+    const size_t scaled_nv12_size =
+        static_cast<size_t>(render_size.width) * render_size.height * 3 / 2;
+    impl_->scaled_video_frame.resize(scaled_nv12_size);
+    uint8_t* scaled_y = impl_->scaled_video_frame.data();
+    uint8_t* scaled_uv =
+        scaled_y + static_cast<size_t>(render_size.width) * render_size.height;
+    if (ScaleNv12ViaI420(y_plane, frame.width, uv_plane, frame.width,
+                         frame.width, frame.height, scaled_y, render_size.width,
+                         scaled_uv, render_size.width, render_size.width,
+                         render_size.height, libyuv::kFilterBox,
+                         &impl_->scaled_video_frame_scratch) == 0) {
+      y_plane = scaled_y;
+      uv_plane = scaled_uv;
+      output_width = render_size.width;
+      output_height = render_size.height;
+    }
+  }
+
+#if !defined(__APPLE__)
+  uint32_t texture_id = 0;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard lock(impl_->gl_mutex);
+    texture_id = impl_->gl_texture;
+  }
+  if (texture_id != 0) {
+    impl_->gl_conversion_frame.resize(static_cast<size_t>(output_width) *
+                                      output_height * 4);
+    if (libyuv::NV12ToABGR(y_plane, output_width, uv_plane, output_width,
+                           impl_->gl_conversion_frame.data(), output_width * 4,
+                           output_width, output_height) != 0) {
+      return result;
+    }
+    {
+      std::lock_guard lock(impl_->gl_mutex);
+      if (impl_->gl_texture == 0) {
+        return result;
+      }
+      texture_id = impl_->gl_texture;
+      impl_->gl_pending_frame.swap(impl_->gl_conversion_frame);
+      impl_->gl_pending_size = {output_width, output_height};
+      impl_->gl_pending_dirty = true;
+    }
+    const VideoRenderSize output_size{output_width, output_height};
+    if (impl_->gl_image_size != output_size) {
+      (*impl_->stream)
+          ->set_frame(slint::Image::create_from_borrowed_gl_2d_rgba_texture(
+              texture_id,
+              slint::Size<uint32_t>{static_cast<uint32_t>(output_width),
+                                    static_cast<uint32_t>(output_height)}));
+      impl_->gl_image_size = output_size;
+    }
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_has_frame(true);
+    (*impl_->stream)->set_receiving_text("");
+    (*impl_->stream)->window().request_redraw();
+    result.width = frame.width;
+    result.height = frame.height;
+    result.new_frame = impl_->MarkPresented(frame.remote_id, frame.sequence);
+    return result;
+  }
+#endif
+
+  slint::SharedPixelBuffer<slint::Rgb8Pixel> pixels(output_width,
+                                                    output_height);
+  if (libyuv::NV12ToRAW(y_plane, output_width, uv_plane, output_width,
+                        reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(pixels.begin()),
+                        output_width * 3, output_width, output_height) != 0) {
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  (*impl_->stream)->set_frame(slint::Image(std::move(pixels)));
+  (*impl_->stream)->set_has_frame(true);
+  (*impl_->stream)->set_receiving_text("");
+  result.width = frame.width;
+  result.height = frame.height;
+  result.new_frame = impl_->MarkPresented(frame.remote_id, frame.sequence);
+  return result;
+}
+
+void SlintVideoPresenter::ForgetStream(const std::string& remote_id) {
+  impl_->displayed_frame_sequence.erase(remote_id);
+  impl_->seeded_frame_sequence.erase(remote_id);
+}
+
+void SlintVideoPresenter::Detach() {
+  impl_->renderer.SetSelectedStream({});
+#if defined(__APPLE__)
+  if (auto* metal_renderer =
+          dynamic_cast<MacMetalVideoRenderer*>(&impl_->renderer)) {
+    metal_renderer->Detach();
+  }
+  impl_->attachment_attempts = 0;
+  impl_->skip_attachment_once = false;
+#endif
+  impl_->stream = nullptr;
+  impl_->state_provider = {};
+  impl_->dirty_callback = {};
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/gui/rendering/slint_video_presenter.h

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _SLINT_VIDEO_PRESENTER_H_
+#define _SLINT_VIDEO_PRESENTER_H_
+
+#include <cstddef>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <functional>
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "crossdesk_ui.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+class VideoRenderer;
+
+// Owns the bridge between decoded NV12 frames, the selected native graphics
+// backend and Slint's StreamWindow. Platform macros and graphics-API lifecycle
+// details are intentionally contained in the implementation file.
+class SlintVideoPresenter {
+public:
+  struct SurfaceState {
+    std::string selected_stream;
+    bool fullscreen = false;
+  };
+
+  struct Frame {
+    std::string remote_id;
+    std::shared_ptr<std::vector<unsigned char>> nv12;
+    int width = 0;
+    int height = 0;
+    uint64_t sequence = 0;
+  };
+
+  struct PresentResult {
+    int width = 0;
+    int height = 0;
+    bool new_frame = false;
+  };
+
+  using StateProvider = std::function<SurfaceState()>;
+  using DirtyCallback = std::function<void()>;
+
+  explicit SlintVideoPresenter(VideoRenderer& renderer);
+  ~SlintVideoPresenter();
+
+  SlintVideoPresenter(const SlintVideoPresenter&) = delete;
+  SlintVideoPresenter& operator=(const SlintVideoPresenter&) = delete;
+
+  // Called before the window is shown. OpenGL installs Slint's rendering
+  // notifier here; macOS deliberately defers native view attachment until a
+  // later UI pass, after AppKit has committed the ordinary window style.
+  void PrepareWindow(slint::ComponentHandle<ui::StreamWindow>& stream,
+                     StateProvider state_provider,
+                     DirtyCallback dirty_callback);
+
+  // Returns true only when a deferred native surface became attached during
+  // this call, allowing the caller to seed it from a cached frame once.
+  bool EnsureAttached();
+  bool NeedsRedraw() const;
+
+  bool SelectStream(std::string remote_id);
+  PresentResult Present(const Frame& frame);
+  void ForgetStream(const std::string& remote_id);
+  void Detach();
+
+private:
+  struct Impl;
+  std::unique_ptr<Impl> impl_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/rendering/video_geometry.h

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-22
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _VIDEO_GEOMETRY_H_
+#define _VIDEO_GEOMETRY_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
+#include <optional>
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+struct VideoPoint {
+  float x;
+  float y;
+};
+
+// Area dimensions and pointer positions must use the same coordinate space.
+// Slint supplies both in logical pixels; remote input is resolution
+// independent.
+inline std::optional<VideoPoint> MapVideoPoint(float x, float y,
+                                               float area_width,
+                                               float area_height,
+                                               int video_width,
+                                               int video_height) {
+  if (!std::isfinite(x) || !std::isfinite(y) || !std::isfinite(area_width) ||
+      !std::isfinite(area_height) || area_width <= 0 || area_height <= 0 ||
+      video_width <= 0 || video_height <= 0) {
+    return std::nullopt;
+  }
+
+  const double scale =
+      std::min(static_cast<double>(area_width) / video_width,
+               static_cast<double>(area_height) / video_height);
+  const double width = video_width * scale;
+  const double height = video_height * scale;
+  const double left = (area_width - width) * 0.5;
+  const double top = (area_height - height) * 0.5;
+  if (x < left || x > left + width || y < top || y > top + height) {
+    return std::nullopt;
+  }
+  return VideoPoint{static_cast<float>((x - left) / width),
+                    static_cast<float>((y - top) / height)};
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/runtime/connection_runtime.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,599 @@
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <memory>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <shared_mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <thread>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <display_stream_id.h>
+#include "localization.h"
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "platform/video_renderer.h"
+#include "rd_log.h"
+#include "runtime/device_presence_request.h"
+#include "runtime/gui_runtime.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+namespace {
+constexpr auto kPresenceProbeTimeout = std::chrono::seconds(5);
+constexpr auto kPresenceRefreshInterval = std::chrono::seconds(30);
+constexpr auto kPresenceRetryInterval = std::chrono::seconds(1);
+}  // namespace
+
+bool GuiRuntime::HasActiveSession() {
+  if (stream_window_inited_) return true;
+  std::shared_lock lock(connection_status_mutex_);
+  return std::any_of(connection_status_.begin(), connection_status_.end(),
+                     [](const auto& entry) {
+                       return entry.second == ConnectionStatus::Connecting ||
+                              entry.second == ConnectionStatus::Connected;
+                     });
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::HandleConnectionStatusChange() {
+  if (!signal_connected_ || !peer_) {
+    return;
+  }
+  const auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  if (now - last_presence_request_attempt_at_ < kPresenceRetryInterval) {
+    return;
+  }
+  // Consume the flag before sending so a concurrent reconnect cannot lose its
+  // refresh request. Keep it pending while disconnected or after a send error.
+  const bool requested = need_to_send_recent_connections_.exchange(false);
+  if (!requested && now < next_presence_refresh_at_) {
+    return;
+  }
+  last_presence_request_attempt_at_ = now;
+  const auto message =
+      BuildDevicePresenceRequest(client_id_, recent_connection_ids_, true).dump();
+  if (SendSignalMessage(peer_, message.data(), message.size()) == 0) {
+    next_presence_refresh_at_ = now + kPresenceRefreshInterval;
+  } else {
+    need_to_send_recent_connections_ = true;
+  }
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::HandlePendingPresenceProbe() {
+  bool has_action = false;
+  bool should_connect = false;
+  bool remember_password = false;
+  std::string remote_id;
+  std::string password;
+
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(pending_presence_probe_mutex_);
+    if (!pending_presence_probe_ || !pending_presence_result_ready_) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    has_action = true;
+    should_connect = pending_presence_online_;
+    remote_id = pending_presence_remote_id_;
+    password = pending_presence_password_;
+    remember_password = pending_presence_remember_password_;
+
+    pending_presence_probe_ = false;
+    pending_presence_result_ready_ = false;
+    pending_presence_online_ = false;
+    pending_presence_remote_id_.clear();
+    pending_presence_password_.clear();
+    pending_presence_remember_password_ = false;
+  }
+
+  if (!has_action) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (should_connect) {
+    ConnectTo(remote_id, password.c_str(), remember_password, true);
+    return;
+  }
+
+  offline_warning_text_ =
+      localization::device_offline[localization_language_index_];
+  show_offline_warning_window_ = true;
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::HandlePresenceProbeTimeout() {
+  const auto now = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+
+  bool presence_probe_timed_out = false;
+  std::string presence_remote_id;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(pending_presence_probe_mutex_);
+    if (pending_presence_probe_ && !pending_presence_result_ready_ &&
+        now - pending_presence_probe_started_at_ >= kPresenceProbeTimeout) {
+      presence_probe_timed_out = true;
+      presence_remote_id = pending_presence_remote_id_;
+      pending_presence_probe_ = false;
+      pending_presence_result_ready_ = false;
+      pending_presence_online_ = false;
+      pending_presence_remote_id_.clear();
+      pending_presence_password_.clear();
+      pending_presence_remember_password_ = false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (presence_probe_timed_out) {
+    offline_warning_text_ =
+        localization::device_offline[localization_language_index_];
+    show_offline_warning_window_ = true;
+    LOG_WARN("Presence probe timed out for [{}]", presence_remote_id);
+  }
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::HandleServerControllerDisconnected(
+    const std::string& remote_id, const char* reason) {
+  keyboard_.ReleaseRemotePressedKeys(remote_id, reason);
+#ifdef _WIN32
+  devices_.ReleaseRemoteMouseButtons();
+#endif
+  {
+    std::lock_guard lock(remote_pointer_input_mutex_);
+    last_remote_pointer_input_time_.erase(remote_id);
+  }
+
+  bool has_connected_controller = false;
+  std::string remaining_controller_id;
+  {
+    std::unique_lock lock(connection_status_mutex_);
+    connection_status_.erase(remote_id);
+    devices_.OnControllerConnectionsChanged();
+    connection_host_names_.erase(remote_id);
+    privacy_sessions_.Disconnected(remote_id);
+    for (const auto& [id, status] : connection_status_) {
+      if (status != ConnectionStatus::Connected) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      has_connected_controller = true;
+      if (remaining_controller_id.empty()) {
+        remaining_controller_id = id;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (has_connected_controller) {
+    remote_client_id_ = remaining_controller_id;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  LOG_INFO("Last remote controller disconnected; recovering privacy, reason={}",
+           reason ? reason : "unknown");
+  privacy_.Disconnected();
+
+  need_to_create_server_window_.store(false, std::memory_order_release);
+  need_to_destroy_server_window_.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+  is_server_mode_ = false;
+#if defined(__linux__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
+  if (IsWaylandSession()) {
+    // Keep Wayland capture session warm to avoid black screen on subsequent
+    // reconnects.
+    start_screen_capturer_ = true;
+    LOG_INFO(
+        "Keeping Wayland screen capturer running after disconnect to "
+        "preserve reconnect stability");
+  } else {
+    start_screen_capturer_ = false;
+  }
+#else
+  start_screen_capturer_ = false;
+#endif
+  devices_.StopSpeakerCapturer();
+  start_mouse_controller_ = false;
+  start_keyboard_capturer_ = false;
+  remote_client_id_.clear();
+  audio_capture_ = false;
+  devices_.ResetToInitialDisplay();
+}
+
+int GuiRuntime::RequestSingleDevicePresence(const std::string& remote_id,
+                                            const char* password,
+                                            bool remember_password) {
+  if (!signal_connected_ || !peer_) {
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(pending_presence_probe_mutex_);
+    pending_presence_probe_ = true;
+    pending_presence_result_ready_ = false;
+    pending_presence_online_ = false;
+    pending_presence_probe_started_at_ = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+    pending_presence_remote_id_ = remote_id;
+    pending_presence_password_ = password ? password : "";
+    pending_presence_remember_password_ = remember_password;
+  }
+
+  const auto s = BuildDevicePresenceRequest(
+                     client_id_, recent_connection_ids_, false, remote_id)
+                     .dump();
+
+  int ret = SendSignalMessage(peer_, s.data(), s.size());
+  if (ret != 0) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(pending_presence_probe_mutex_);
+    pending_presence_probe_ = false;
+    pending_presence_result_ready_ = false;
+    pending_presence_online_ = false;
+    pending_presence_remote_id_.clear();
+    pending_presence_password_.clear();
+    pending_presence_remember_password_ = false;
+  }
+
+  return ret;
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::CloseRemoteSession(std::shared_ptr<RemoteSession> props) {
+  if (!props || props->closing_.exchange(true)) return;
+  if (props->peer_events_) props->peer_events_->Deactivate();
+  props->connection_established_ = false;
+  props->streaming_ = false;
+  props->connection_status_.store(ConnectionStatus::Closed);
+  std::shared_ptr<std::vector<unsigned char>> frame_snapshot;
+  int video_width = 0;
+  int video_height = 0;
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(props->video_frame_mutex_);
+    frame_snapshot = props->front_frame_;
+    video_width = props->video_width_;
+    video_height = props->video_height_;
+    if ((!frame_snapshot || frame_snapshot->empty()) &&
+        props->thumbnail_frame_ && !props->thumbnail_frame_->empty()) {
+      frame_snapshot = props->thumbnail_frame_;
+      video_width = props->thumbnail_width_;
+      video_height = props->thumbnail_height_;
+    }
+  }
+  auto* native_renderer = video_renderer_.get();
+  if ((!frame_snapshot || frame_snapshot->empty()) && native_renderer) {
+    auto native_snapshot = std::make_shared<std::vector<unsigned char>>();
+    if (native_renderer->CopyLatestNv12(props->remote_id_,
+                                        native_snapshot.get(), &video_width,
+                                        &video_height)) {
+      frame_snapshot = std::move(native_snapshot);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (native_renderer) {
+    native_renderer->DiscardStream(props->remote_id_);
+    video_frame_dirty_.store(true, std::memory_order_release);
+  }
+
+  PeerPtr* peer = nullptr;
+  {
+    // Audio/clipboard senders hold a shared map lock while using this pointer.
+    std::unique_lock lock(remote_sessions_mutex_);
+    peer = std::exchange(props->peer_, nullptr);
+  }
+  const auto queued_at = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+  session_cleanup_tasks_[props->remote_id_] = session_cleanup_queue_.PostTask(
+      [props, peer, frame_snapshot, video_width, video_height,
+       thumbnail = thumbnail_, queued_at]() mutable {
+        if (peer) {
+          LOG_INFO("[{}] Background leave connection [{}]", props->local_id_,
+                   props->remote_id_);
+          LeaveConnection(peer, props->remote_id_.c_str());
+          DestroyPeer(&peer);
+        }
+        if (thumbnail && frame_snapshot && !frame_snapshot->empty() &&
+            video_width > 0 && video_height > 0) {
+          thumbnail->SaveToThumbnail(
+              reinterpret_cast<char*>(frame_snapshot->data()), video_width,
+              video_height, props->remote_id_, props->remote_host_name_,
+              props->remember_password_ ? props->remote_password_ : "");
+        }
+        const auto elapsed = std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+            std::chrono::steady_clock::now() - queued_at).count();
+        LOG_INFO("[{}] Session cleanup completed in {} ms", props->remote_id_,
+                 elapsed);
+      });
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::CloseServerController(const std::string& remote_id) {
+  if (!peer_ || remote_id.empty() || controller_cleanup_tasks_.count(remote_id))
+    return;
+  controller_cleanup_tasks_[remote_id] = session_cleanup_queue_.PostTask(
+      [peer = peer_, remote_id] { LeaveConnection(peer, remote_id.c_str()); });
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::CloseConnectionPeer() {
+  if (!peer_) return;
+  peer_events_->Deactivate();
+  std::vector<std::string> controllers;
+  {
+    std::shared_lock lock(connection_status_mutex_);
+    for (const auto& [id, status] : connection_status_) controllers.push_back(id);
+  }
+  for (const auto& id : controllers)
+    HandleServerControllerDisconnected(id, "peer_closed");
+  devices_.StopMouseController();
+  devices_.StopScreenCapturer();
+  devices_.StopSpeakerCapturer();
+  devices_.StopKeyboardCapturer();
+  signal_connected_ = false;
+  device_presence_cache_.SetSignalConnected(false);
+  signal_status_ = SignalStatus::SignalClosed;
+  PeerPtr* peer;
+  {
+    std::unique_lock lock(remote_sessions_mutex_);
+    peer = std::exchange(peer_, nullptr);
+  }
+  // The same serial queue also owns outstanding controller disconnects, so
+  // these finish before the shared peer is destroyed.
+  connection_peer_cleanup_ = session_cleanup_queue_.PostTask(
+      [peer, handler = peer_events_, id = std::string(client_id_)]() mutable {
+        LOG_INFO("[{}] Background connection peer cleanup", id);
+        LeaveConnection(peer, id.c_str());
+        DestroyPeer(&peer);
+      });
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::CloseAllRemoteSessions() {
+  CloseConnectionPeer();
+  is_client_mode_ = false;
+  pending_reconnects_.clear();
+  std::vector<std::shared_ptr<RemoteSession>> sessions;
+  {
+    std::shared_lock lock(remote_sessions_mutex_);
+    for (const auto& [id, props] : remote_sessions_) sessions.push_back(props);
+  }
+  for (const auto& props : sessions) CloseRemoteSession(props);
+  {
+    std::unique_lock lock(remote_sessions_mutex_);
+    remote_sessions_.clear();
+  }
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::HandleSessionCleanup() {
+  auto completed = [](std::future<void>& task) {
+    if (!task.valid() || task.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds(0)) !=
+                             std::future_status::ready) return false;
+    try {
+      task.get();
+    } catch (const std::exception& error) {
+      LOG_ERROR("Connection cleanup failed: {}", error.what());
+    }
+    return true;
+  };
+  completed(connection_peer_cleanup_);
+  for (auto it = controller_cleanup_tasks_.begin();
+       it != controller_cleanup_tasks_.end();) {
+    if (completed(it->second)) it = controller_cleanup_tasks_.erase(it);
+    else ++it;
+  }
+  std::vector<std::pair<std::string, PendingReconnect>> reconnects;
+  for (auto it = session_cleanup_tasks_.begin();
+       it != session_cleanup_tasks_.end();) {
+    if (it->second.wait_for(std::chrono::seconds(0)) !=
+        std::future_status::ready) {
+      ++it;
+      continue;
+    }
+    try {
+      it->second.get();
+    } catch (const std::exception& error) {
+      LOG_ERROR("[{}] Session cleanup failed: {}", it->first, error.what());
+    }
+    if (auto pending = pending_reconnects_.find(it->first);
+        pending != pending_reconnects_.end()) {
+      reconnects.emplace_back(pending->first, std::move(pending->second));
+      pending_reconnects_.erase(pending);
+    }
+    it = session_cleanup_tasks_.erase(it);
+    reload_recent_connections_ = true;
+    recent_connection_image_save_time_ = 0;
+  }
+  for (const auto& [id, request] : reconnects) {
+    ConnectTo(id, request.password.c_str(), request.remember_password);
+  }
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::WaitForSessionCleanup() {
+  pending_reconnects_.clear();
+  auto drain = [](std::future<void>& task) {
+    if (!task.valid()) return;
+    try {
+      task.get();
+    } catch (const std::exception& error) {
+      LOG_ERROR("Connection cleanup failed: {}", error.what());
+    }
+  };
+  drain(connection_peer_cleanup_);
+  for (auto& [id, task] : controller_cleanup_tasks_) drain(task);
+  controller_cleanup_tasks_.clear();
+  for (auto& [id, task] : session_cleanup_tasks_) {
+    try {
+      task.get();
+    } catch (const std::exception& error) {
+      LOG_ERROR("[{}] Session cleanup failed: {}", id, error.what());
+    }
+  }
+  session_cleanup_tasks_.clear();
+}
+
+void GuiRuntime::ResetRemoteSessionResources(
+    std::shared_ptr<RemoteSession> props) {
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(props->video_frame_mutex_);
+    props->front_frame_.reset();
+    props->back_frame_.reset();
+    props->thumbnail_frame_.reset();
+    props->thumbnail_width_ = 0;
+    props->thumbnail_height_ = 0;
+    props->background_snapshot_time_ = {};
+    props->video_width_ = 0;
+    props->video_height_ = 0;
+    props->video_size_ = 0;
+    props->render_rect_dirty_ = true;
+    props->stream_cleanup_pending_ = false;
+  }
+  {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(props->remote_cursor_state_mutex_);
+    props->remote_cursor_state_ = {};
+    props->remote_cursor_state_received_ = false;
+    props->cursor_presentation_ = {};
+  }
+}
+
+std::shared_ptr<GuiRuntime::RemoteSession> GuiRuntime::FindRemoteSession(
+    const std::string& remote_id) {
+  if (remote_id.empty()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  std::shared_lock lock(remote_sessions_mutex_);
+  auto it = remote_sessions_.find(remote_id);
+  if (it == remote_sessions_.end()) {
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  return it->second;
+}
+
+int GuiRuntime::ConnectTo(const std::string& remote_id, const char* password,
+                          bool remember_password, bool bypass_presence_check) {
+  if (session_cleanup_tasks_.count(remote_id)) {
+    pending_reconnects_[remote_id] = {password ? password : "", remember_password};
+    LOG_INFO("[{}] Reconnect queued until previous peer is destroyed", remote_id);
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (!bypass_presence_check && !device_presence_cache_.IsOnline(remote_id)) {
+    int ret =
+        RequestSingleDevicePresence(remote_id, password, remember_password);
+    if (ret != 0) {
+      offline_warning_text_ =
+          localization::device_offline[localization_language_index_];
+      show_offline_warning_window_ = true;
+      LOG_WARN("Presence probe failed for [{}], ret={}", remote_id, ret);
+    } else {
+      LOG_INFO("Presence probe requested for [{}] before connect", remote_id);
+    }
+    return -1;
+  }
+
+  LOG_INFO("Connect to [{}]", remote_id);
+  focused_remote_id_ = remote_id;
+
+  auto stale = FindRemoteSession(remote_id);
+  bool exists = stale != nullptr;
+  if (stale) {
+    // A failed CreatePeer or a completed close can leave a session record
+    // without a reusable peer. Recreate it instead of leaving the UI in
+    // Connecting forever while JoinConnection has nothing to call.
+    if (stale->peer_ == nullptr) {
+      std::unique_lock lock(remote_sessions_mutex_);
+      auto it = remote_sessions_.find(remote_id);
+      if (it != remote_sessions_.end() && it->second == stale) {
+        remote_sessions_.erase(it);
+        exists = false;
+        LOG_INFO("[{}] Recreating stale remote session before connect",
+                 remote_id);
+      }
+    }
+    if (exists && !stale->closing_.load() &&
+        !stale->connection_established_) {
+      const auto status = stale->connection_status_.load();
+      if (status == ConnectionStatus::Disconnected ||
+          status == ConnectionStatus::Failed ||
+          status == ConnectionStatus::Closed) {
+        // The recreated session starts with an empty password; callers that
+        // pass none expect the one stored by the previous attempt to be reused.
+        const bool keep_stored_password = !password || !*password;
+        pending_reconnects_[remote_id] = {
+            keep_stored_password ? std::string(stale->remote_password_)
+                                 : std::string(password),
+            remember_password};
+        CloseRemoteSession(stale);
+        LOG_INFO("[{}] Reconnecting after terminal peer status {}", remote_id,
+                 static_cast<int>(status));
+        return 0;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!exists) {
+    PeerPtr* peer_to_init = nullptr;
+    std::string local_id;
+
+    {
+      std::unique_lock unique_lock(remote_sessions_mutex_);
+      if (remote_sessions_.find(remote_id) == remote_sessions_.end()) {
+        remote_sessions_[remote_id] = std::make_shared<RemoteSession>();
+        auto props = remote_sessions_[remote_id];
+        props->local_id_ = "C-" + std::string(client_id_);
+        props->remote_id_ = remote_id;
+        memcpy(&props->params_, &params_, sizeof(Params));
+        props->params_.user_id = props->local_id_.c_str();
+        props->peer_events_ = std::make_shared<PeerEventHandler>(*this);
+        props->params_.user_data = props->peer_events_.get();
+        props->peer_ = CreatePeer(&props->params_);
+
+        props->connection_status_.store(ConnectionStatus::Connecting);
+        show_connection_status_window_ = true;
+
+        if (!props->peer_) {
+          LOG_INFO("Create peer [{}] instance failed", props->local_id_);
+          return -1;
+        }
+
+        const auto& displays = devices_.display_info_list();
+        for (size_t index = 0; index < displays.size(); ++index) {
+          const std::string stream_id = MakeDisplayStreamId(index);
+          AddVideoStream(props->peer_, stream_id.c_str());
+        }
+        AddAudioStream(props->peer_, props->audio_label_.c_str());
+        AddDataStream(props->peer_, props->data_label_.c_str(), false);
+        AddDataStream(props->peer_, props->mouse_label_.c_str(), true);
+        AddDataStream(props->peer_, props->keyboard_label_.c_str(), true);
+        AddDataStream(props->peer_, props->control_data_label_.c_str(), true);
+        AddDataStream(props->peer_, props->file_label_.c_str(), true);
+        AddDataStream(props->peer_, props->file_feedback_label_.c_str(), true);
+        AddDataStream(props->peer_, props->clipboard_label_.c_str(), true);
+
+        props->connection_status_.store(ConnectionStatus::Connecting);
+
+        peer_to_init = props->peer_;
+        local_id = props->local_id_;
+      }
+    }
+
+    if (peer_to_init) {
+      LOG_INFO("[{}] Create peer instance successful", local_id);
+      Init(peer_to_init);
+      LOG_INFO("[{}] Peer init finish", local_id);
+    }
+  }
+
+  int ret = -1;
+  auto props = FindRemoteSession(remote_id);
+  if (!props || props->closing_) return -1;
+  if (!props->connection_established_) {
+    props->connection_status_.store(ConnectionStatus::Connecting);
+    show_connection_status_window_ = true;
+
+    props->remember_password_ = remember_password;
+    if (strcmp(password, "") != 0 &&
+        strcmp(password, props->remote_password_) != 0) {
+      strncpy(props->remote_password_, password,
+              sizeof(props->remote_password_) - 1);
+      props->remote_password_[sizeof(props->remote_password_) - 1] = '\0';
+    }
+
+    std::string remote_id_with_pwd = remote_id + "@" + password;
+    if (props->peer_) {
+      ret = JoinConnection(props->peer_, remote_id_with_pwd.c_str());
+      if (0 == ret) {
+        props->rejoin_ = false;
+      } else {
+        props->rejoin_ = true;
+        need_to_rejoin_ = true;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  return 0;
+}
+}  // namespace crossdesk

apps/desktop/src/gui/runtime/cursor_position.h

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _CURSOR_POSITION_H_
+#define _CURSOR_POSITION_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include "display_info.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+inline void ResetCursorPosition(CursorState* state) {
+  if (!state) return;
+  state->position_update = true;
+  state->position_valid = false;
+  state->x = 0.5f;
+  state->y = 0.5f;
+  state->visual_offset_x = 0.0f;
+  state->visual_offset_y = 0.0f;
+  state->display_id = -1;
+}
+
+inline bool NormalizeCursorPosition(
+    double screen_x, double screen_y,
+    const std::vector<DisplayInfo>& displays, int preferred_display,
+    CursorState* state) {
+  if (!state) return false;
+  ResetCursorPosition(state);
+
+  auto contains = [&](int index) {
+    if (index < 0 || index >= static_cast<int>(displays.size())) return false;
+    const auto& display = displays[index];
+    return display.width > 0 && display.height > 0 &&
+           screen_x >= display.left && screen_x < display.right &&
+           screen_y >= display.top && screen_y < display.bottom;
+  };
+
+  int display_id = contains(preferred_display) ? preferred_display : -1;
+  if (display_id < 0) {
+    for (int index = 0; index < static_cast<int>(displays.size()); ++index) {
+      if (contains(index)) {
+        display_id = index;
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  if (display_id < 0) return false;
+
+  const auto& display = displays[display_id];
+  // Screen coordinates describe a continuous rectangle with an exclusive
+  // right/bottom edge. Use its full extent so feedback is the exact inverse of
+  // normalized input instead of accumulating a one-pixel edge convention.
+  const double horizontal_extent = std::max(display.width, 1);
+  const double vertical_extent = std::max(display.height, 1);
+  state->position_valid = true;
+  state->x = static_cast<float>(std::clamp(
+      (screen_x - display.left) / horizontal_extent, 0.0, 1.0));
+  state->y = static_cast<float>(std::clamp(
+      (screen_y - display.top) / vertical_extent, 0.0, 1.0));
+  state->display_id = display_id;
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/runtime/cursor_presentation.h

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-16
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _CURSOR_PRESENTATION_H_
+#define _CURSOR_PRESENTATION_H_
+
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <optional>
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+// All times use one monotonic millisecond clock. The owning session's cursor
+// mutex protects this policy from the transport and UI threads.
+class CursorPresentation {
+ public:
+  static constexpr uint64_t kStateTimeoutMs = 1500;  // Three 500ms heartbeats.
+  static constexpr uint64_t kInputActivityMs = 1500;
+
+  void Observe(const CursorState& state, uint64_t now) {
+    if (state.render_mode == CursorRenderMode::unknown) {
+      // Repeated unavailable samples must not extend the recovery deadline.
+      if (!sample_unavailable_) stale_at_ = now + kStateTimeoutMs;
+      sample_unavailable_ = true;
+      return;
+    }
+    sample_unavailable_ = false;
+    stale_at_ = now + kStateTimeoutMs;
+    const bool separate =
+        state.render_mode == CursorRenderMode::separate ||
+        (state.render_mode == CursorRenderMode::legacy && state.visible);
+    // Old senders cannot distinguish embedded from hidden. Only explicit
+    // metadata from a new sender can establish the no-device compatibility
+    // case.
+    no_device_ = state.render_mode == CursorRenderMode::hidden &&
+                 state.hidden_reason == CursorHiddenReason::no_pointing_device;
+    held_shape_ = separate ? state.shape : RemoteCursorShape::none;
+    if (held_shape_ != RemoteCursorShape::none) {
+      last_visible_shape_ = held_shape_;
+    }
+    if (!no_device_) fallback_engaged_ = false;
+  }
+
+  void NoteInput(uint64_t now) { last_input_ = now; }
+
+  RemoteCursorShape Resolve(uint64_t now) {
+    if (!stale_at_) return RemoteCursorShape::default_cursor;
+
+    const bool recent_input =
+        last_input_ && now - *last_input_ < kInputActivityMs;
+    const bool can_recover =
+        now >= *stale_at_ || (!sample_unavailable_ && no_device_);
+    if (can_recover && recent_input) {
+      fallback_engaged_ = true;
+    }
+    // Once needed, retain the locator while idle until a good non-compatibility
+    // sample arrives. Otherwise it would blink off whenever input pauses.
+    return fallback_engaged_ ? last_visible_shape_ : held_shape_;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  bool sample_unavailable_ = false;
+  bool no_device_ = false;
+  bool fallback_engaged_ = false;
+  std::optional<uint64_t> stale_at_;
+  std::optional<uint64_t> last_input_;
+  RemoteCursorShape held_shape_ = RemoteCursorShape::default_cursor;
+  RemoteCursorShape last_visible_shape_ = RemoteCursorShape::default_cursor;
+};
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/runtime/cursor_state_provider.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+#include "runtime/cursor_state_provider.h"
+
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+
+#include <windows.h>
+
+#include "platform/windows/input/windows_cursor_state.h"
+#include "platform/windows/screen_capturer/captured_cursor_state.h"
+#include "platform/windows/screen_capturer/dxgi_cursor_state.h"
+#include "platform/windows/screen_capturer/secure_desktop_cursor_state.h"
+#include "runtime/cursor_position.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+struct CursorStateProvider::Impl {
+  WindowsCursorState cursor;
+};
+
+CursorStateProvider::CursorStateProvider() : impl_(std::make_unique<Impl>()) {}
+CursorStateProvider::~CursorStateProvider() = default;
+
+bool CursorStateProvider::Sample(const std::vector<DisplayInfo>& displays,
+                                 int preferred_display, CursorState* state) {
+  if (!state) return false;
+
+  SecureDesktopCursorSnapshot secure_cursor{};
+  if (SharedSecureDesktopCursorState().Get(&secure_cursor)) {
+    if (!secure_cursor.valid) {
+      state->hidden_reason = CursorHiddenReason::secure_desktop_pending;
+      return false;
+    }
+    state->seq = 0;
+    NormalizeCursorPosition(secure_cursor.x, secure_cursor.y, displays,
+                            preferred_display, state);
+    state->visible = secure_cursor.visible != 0;
+    state->render_mode = static_cast<CursorRenderMode>(secure_cursor.render_mode);
+    state->hidden_reason =
+        static_cast<CursorHiddenReason>(secure_cursor.hidden_reason);
+    state->shape = state->visible
+                       ? static_cast<RemoteCursorShape>(secure_cursor.shape)
+                       : RemoteCursorShape::none;
+    return true;
+  }
+
+  CURSORINFO info{};
+  info.cbSize = sizeof(info);
+  if (!GetCursorInfo(&info)) return false;
+
+  state->seq = 0;
+  NormalizeCursorPosition(info.ptScreenPos.x, info.ptScreenPos.y, displays,
+                          preferred_display, state);
+  void* cursor_monitor = state->position_valid
+                             ? displays[state->display_id].handle
+                             : nullptr;
+  const bool embedded = SharedCapturedCursorState().IsEmbedded(cursor_monitor) ||
+      ((info.flags & CURSOR_SHOWING) != 0 &&
+       !SharedDxgiCursorState().ShouldDrawCursor(true, cursor_monitor));
+  impl_->cursor.Sample(info, embedded, state);
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#elif defined(__linux__) && !defined(__APPLE__)
+
+#include <X11/Xlib.h>
+#include <X11/extensions/Xfixes.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+#include "linux_cursor_shape.h"
+#include "platform.h"
+#include "shared_cursor_state.h"
+#include "runtime/cursor_position.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+namespace {
+
+bool CursorHasVisiblePixel(const XFixesCursorImage& image) {
+  const size_t pixel_count =
+      static_cast<size_t>(image.width) * static_cast<size_t>(image.height);
+  for (size_t index = 0; index < pixel_count; ++index) {
+    if (((image.pixels[index] >> 24U) & 0xffU) != 0) return true;
+  }
+  return false;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+struct CursorStateProvider::Impl {
+  Display* display = XOpenDisplay(nullptr);
+
+  ~Impl() {
+    if (display) XCloseDisplay(display);
+  }
+};
+
+CursorStateProvider::CursorStateProvider() : impl_(std::make_unique<Impl>()) {}
+CursorStateProvider::~CursorStateProvider() = default;
+
+bool CursorStateProvider::Sample(const std::vector<DisplayInfo>& displays,
+                                 int preferred_display, CursorState* state) {
+  if (!state || !impl_) return false;
+  ResetCursorPosition(state);
+
+  if (IsWaylandSession()) {
+    SharedCursorState shared{};
+    if (GetSharedCursorState(&shared)) {
+      state->seq = 0;
+      state->visible = shared.visible;
+      state->shape = shared.visible ? shared.shape : RemoteCursorShape::none;
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if (!impl_->display) return false;
+
+  XFixesCursorImage* image = XFixesGetCursorImage(impl_->display);
+  if (!image) return false;
+
+  const std::string name = image->name ? image->name : "";
+
+  state->seq = 0;
+  state->visible = CursorHasVisiblePixel(*image);
+  state->shape = state->visible ? ShapeFromLinuxCursorName(name)
+                                : RemoteCursorShape::none;
+  NormalizeCursorPosition(image->x, image->y, displays, preferred_display,
+                          state);
+  XFree(image);
+  return true;
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/runtime/cursor_state_provider.h

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _CURSOR_STATE_PROVIDER_H_
+#define _CURSOR_STATE_PROVIDER_H_
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <remote_action.h>
+
+#include "display_info.h"
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+// Samples the cursor that is currently displayed by the controlled desktop
+// and converts platform-specific cursor handles to protocol cursor shapes.
+class CursorStateProvider {
+ public:
+  CursorStateProvider();
+  ~CursorStateProvider();
+
+  CursorStateProvider(const CursorStateProvider&) = delete;
+  CursorStateProvider& operator=(const CursorStateProvider&) = delete;
+
+  bool Sample(const std::vector<DisplayInfo>& displays,
+              int preferred_display, CursorState* state);
+
+ private:
+  struct Impl;
+  std::unique_ptr<Impl> impl_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/runtime/device_presence_cache.h

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-04
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _DEVICE_PRESENCE_CACHE_H_
+#define _DEVICE_PRESENCE_CACHE_H_
+
+#include <chrono>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <unordered_map>
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+class DevicePresenceCache {
+public:
+  using Clock = std::chrono::steady_clock;
+  static constexpr auto kMaxAge = std::chrono::seconds(60);
+
+  void SetSignalConnected(bool connected) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    signal_connected_ = connected;
+    cache_.clear();
+  }
+
+  void SetOnline(const std::string &device_id, bool online,
+                 Clock::time_point now = Clock::now()) {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    if (signal_connected_) {
+      cache_[device_id] = {online, now};
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool IsOnline(const std::string &device_id,
+                Clock::time_point now = Clock::now()) const {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    const auto it = cache_.find(device_id);
+    return signal_connected_ && it != cache_.end() && it->second.online &&
+           now - it->second.updated_at < kMaxAge;
+  }
+
+  void Clear() {
+    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(mutex_);
+    cache_.clear();
+  }
+
+private:
+  struct Entry {
+    bool online;
+    Clock::time_point updated_at;
+  };
+  bool signal_connected_ = false;
+  std::unordered_map<std::string, Entry> cache_;
+  mutable std::mutex mutex_;
+};
+
+} // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif

apps/desktop/src/gui/runtime/device_presence_request.h

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * @Author: DI JUNKUN
+ * @Date: 2026-09-07
+ * Copyright (c) 2026 by DI JUNKUN, All Rights Reserved.
+ */
+
+#ifndef _DEVICE_PRESENCE_REQUEST_H_
+#define _DEVICE_PRESENCE_REQUEST_H_
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <nlohmann/json.hpp>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+namespace crossdesk {
+
+inline nlohmann::json BuildDevicePresenceRequest(
+    const std::string& client_id, const std::vector<std::string>& recent_ids,
+    bool subscribe, const std::string& probe_id = {}) {
+  std::vector<std::string> devices;
+  for (const auto& id : recent_ids) {
+    // Recent connection keys contain Y/N plus display settings after the ID.
+    const std::string pure_id = id.substr(0, id.find_first_of("YN"));
+    if (!pure_id.empty() &&
+        std::find(devices.begin(), devices.end(), pure_id) == devices.end()) {
+      devices.push_back(pure_id);
+    }
+  }
+  if (!probe_id.empty() &&
+      std::find(devices.begin(), devices.end(), probe_id) == devices.end()) {
+    devices.push_back(probe_id);
+  }
+  // Include recent devices even in a one-shot probe: older servers ignore
+  // subscribe=false and replace their subscriptions with this device list.
+  return {{"type", "recent_connections_presence"},
+          {"user_id", client_id},
+          {"devices", devices},
+          {"subscribe", subscribe}};
+}
+
+}  // namespace crossdesk
+
+#endif